The New Science Of Geology

Author : Martin J.S. Rudwick
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-04-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000941685

Get Book

The New Science of Geology by Martin J.S. Rudwick Pdf

The science of geology was constructed in the decades around 1800 from earlier practices that had been significantly different in their cognitive goals. In the studies collected here Martin Rudwick traces how it came to be recognised as a new kind of natural science, because it was constituted around the idea that the natural world had its own history. The earth had to be understood not only in relation to unchanging natural laws that could be observed in action in the present, but also in terms of a pre-human past that could be reliably known, even if not directly observable and its traces only fragmentarily preserved. In contrast to this radically novel sense of nature's own contingent history, the earth's unimaginably vast timescale was already taken for granted by many naturalists (though not yet by the wider public), and the concurrent development of biblical scholarship precluded any significant sense of conflict with religious tradition. A companion volume, Lyell and Darwin, Geologists: Studies in the Earth Sciences in the Age of Reform, was published in 2005.

Author : M. J. S. Rudwick
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : History
ISBN : UCSD:31822033497462

Get Book

The New Science of Geology by M. J. S. Rudwick Pdf

The science of geology was constructed in the decades around 1800 from earlier practices that had been significantly different in their cognitive goals. In the studies collected here Martin Rudwick traces how it came to be recognised as a new kind of natural science, because it was constituted around the idea that the natural world had its own history. The earth had to be understood not only in relation to unchanging natural laws that could be observed in action in the present, but also in terms of a pre-human past that could be reliably known, even if not directly observable and its traces only fragmentarily preserved. In contrast to this radically novel sense of nature's own contingent history, the earth's unimaginably vast timescale was already taken for granted by many naturalists (though not yet by the wider public), and the concurrent development of biblical scholarship precluded any significant sense of conflict with religious tradition. A companion volume, Lyell and Darwin, Geologists: Studies in the Earth Sciences in the Age of Reform, was published in 2005.

Author : Martin J.S. Rudwick
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2023-04-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000948424

Get Book

The New Science of Geology by Martin J.S. Rudwick Pdf

The science of geology was constructed in the decades around 1800 from earlier practices that had been significantly different in their cognitive goals. In the studies collected here Martin Rudwick traces how it came to be recognised as a new kind of natural science, because it was constituted around the idea that the natural world had its own history. The earth had to be understood not only in relation to unchanging natural laws that could be observed in action in the present, but also in terms of a pre-human past that could be reliably known, even if not directly observable and its traces only fragmentarily preserved. In contrast to this radically novel sense of nature's own contingent history, the earth's unimaginably vast timescale was already taken for granted by many naturalists (though not yet by the wider public), and the concurrent development of biblical scholarship precluded any significant sense of conflict with religious tradition. A companion volume, Lyell and Darwin, Geologists: Studies in the Earth Sciences in the Age of Reform, was published in 2005.

Author : Martin J.S. Rudwick
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2023-07-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000939149

Get Book

Lyell and Darwin, Geologists by Martin J.S. Rudwick Pdf

The studies in this second volume by Martin Rudwick (the first being The New Science of Geology: Studies in the Earth Science in the Age of Reform) focus on the figures of Charles Lyell and Charles Darwin. Lyell rose to be of pivotal importance in the second quarter of the 19th century because he challenged other geologists throughout Europe by probing their methods and conclusions to the limit. While adopting their goal of reconstructing the contingent history of the earth, he claimed that the physical processes observable in action in the present could explain far more about the past than was commonly believed, and that it was unnecessary to postulate occasional catastrophic events of still greater intensity. Far more controversial was Lyell's further claim that the earth and its life had always been in a stable steady state, rather than developing in a broadly linear or directional fashion. His younger friend Charles Darwin first made his name as a Lyellian geologist; Darwin's early work in geology, studied here, provided important foundations for his later and more famous research on speciation and other biological problems.

Author : M. J. S. Rudwick
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : HISTORY
ISBN : 1003418708

Get Book

Lyell and Darwin, Geologists by M. J. S. Rudwick Pdf

The studies in this second volume by Martin Rudwick (the first being The New Science of Geology: Studies in the Earth Science in the Age of Reform) focus on the figures of Charles Lyell and Charles Darwin. Lyell rose to be of pivotal importance in the second quarter of the 19th century because he challenged other geologists throughout Europe by probing their methods and conclusions to the limit. While adopting their goal of reconstructing the contingent history of the earth, he claimed that the physical processes observable in action in the present could explain far more about the past than was commonly believed, and that it was unnecessary to postulate occasional catastrophic events of still greater intensity. Far more controversial was Lyell's further claim that the earth and its life had always been in a stable steady state, rather than developing in a broadly linear or directional fashion. His younger friend Charles Darwin first made his name as a Lyellian geologist; Darwin's early work in geology, studied here, provided important foundations for his later and more famous research on speciation and other biological problems.

Author : Dougal Dixon
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1992-08-15
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780671746971

Get Book

The Practical Geologist by Dougal Dixon Pdf

From exploring the basic principles of geology to starting a rock and mineral collection, The Practical Geologist is the perfect introduction to the world of earth science. Beginning with a history of the earth's formation and development, this book explores the substances that compose the planet, movements within the earth, the surface effects of weather and water, and underground landscapes. It shows you how to search for, identify, and extract samples of various rocks and minerals, and for each rock and mineral type there is a brief mineralogy and explanation of its locations. There are also sections on mapping, preparing, and curating specimens, and geological sites on the six continents. Packed with more than 200 full-color illustrations, this comprehensive guide is the essential practical companion for natural science enthusiasts everywhere.

Author : Mott T. Greene
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2017-01-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781501704734

Get Book

Geology in the Nineteenth Century by Mott T. Greene Pdf

In this clear and comprehensive introduction to developments in geological theory during the nineteenth century, Mott T. Greene asserts that the standard accounts of nineteenth-century geology, which dwell on the work of Anglo-American scientists, have obscured the important contributions of Continental geologists; he balances this traditional emphasis with a close study of the innovations of the French, German, Austro-Hungarian, and Swiss geologists whose comprehensive theory of earth history actually dominated geological thought of the time. Greene's account of the Continental scientists places the history of geology in a new light: it demonstrates that scientific interest in the late nineteenth century shifted from uniform and steady processes to periodic and cyclic events—rather than the other way around, as the Anglo-American view has represented it. He also puts continental drift theory in its context, showing that it was not a revolutionary idea but one that emerged naturally from the Continental geologists' foremost subject of study-the origin of mountains, oceans, and continents. A careful inquiry into the nature of geology as a field poised between natural history and physical science, Geology in the Nineteenth Century will interest students and scholars of geology, geophysics, and geography as well as intellectual historians and historians of science.

Author : Charles Lyell
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Science
ISBN : 0226497968

Get Book

Principles of Geology, Volume 2 by Charles Lyell Pdf

As important to modern world views as any work of Darwin, Marx, or Freud, Principles of Geology is a landmark in the history of science. In this first of three volumes, Charles Lyell (1797-1875) sets forth his powerful uniformitarian argument: processes now visibly acting in the natural world are essentially the same as those that have acted throughout the history of the earth, and are sufficient to account for all geological phenomena. Martin J. S. Rudwick's new Introduction, summarizing the origins of the Principles, guides the reader through the structure of the entire three-volume first edition and considers the legacy of Lyell's great work. -- from back cover.

Author : Marcia Bjornerud
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2018-09-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691184531

Get Book

Timefulness by Marcia Bjornerud Pdf

Why an awareness of Earth’s temporal rhythms is critical to our planetary survival Few of us have any conception of the enormous timescales in our planet’s long history, and this narrow perspective underlies many of the environmental problems we are creating for ourselves. The passage of nine days, which is how long a drop of water typically stays in Earth’s atmosphere, is something we can easily grasp. But spans of hundreds of years—the time a molecule of carbon dioxide resides in the atmosphere—approach the limits of our comprehension. Our everyday lives are shaped by processes that vastly predate us, and our habits will in turn have consequences that will outlast us by generations. Timefulness reveals how knowing the rhythms of Earth’s deep past and conceiving of time as a geologist does can give us the perspective we need for a more sustainable future. Marcia Bjornerud shows how geologists chart the planet’s past, explaining how we can determine the pace of solid Earth processes such as mountain building and erosion and comparing them with the more unstable rhythms of the oceans and atmosphere. These overlapping rates of change in the Earth system—some fast, some slow—demand a poly-temporal worldview, one that Bjornerud calls “timefulness.” She explains why timefulness is vital in the Anthropocene, this human epoch of accelerating planetary change, and proposes sensible solutions for building a more time-literate society. This compelling book presents a new way of thinking about our place in time, enabling us to make decisions on multigenerational timescales. The lifespan of Earth may seem unfathomable compared to the brevity of human existence, but this view of time denies our deep roots in Earth’s history—and the magnitude of our effects on the planet.

Author : Brenda Maddox
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2017-11-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781632869128

Get Book

Reading the Rocks by Brenda Maddox Pdf

This is a group biography of the first geologists, the people who were first to excavate from the layers of the world its buried history. These first geologists were made up primarily of gentlemen with the necessary wealth to support their interests, yet also included clergymen, academics and women. The new science of geology was pursued by this assorted band because it opened a window on Earth's ancient past. They showed courage in facing the conflict between geology and Genesis as the rocks and fossils showed that the Earth was immeasurably old, rather than springing from a creation made in the six days that the Bible claimed. This book tells the individual stories of this group, their hope and fears, triumphs and disappointments, the theological, philosophical and scientific debates their findings provoked, and the way that as a group, they were to change our understanding of the world.

Author : Jon Agar,Crosbie Smith
Publisher : Springer
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2016-01-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781349263240

Get Book

Making Space for Science by Jon Agar,Crosbie Smith Pdf

In recent years there has been a growing recognition that a mature analysis of scientific and technological activity requires an understanding of its spatial contexts. Without these contexts, indeed, scientific practice as such is scarcely conceivable. Making Space for Science brings together contributors with diverse interests in the history, sociology and cultural studies of science and technology since the Renaissance. The editors aim to provide a series of studies, drawn from the history of science and engineering, from sociology and sociology and science, from literature and science, and from architecture and design history, which examine the spatial foundations of the sciences from a number of complementary perspectives.

Author : Derek Ager,Derek Victor Ager
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1995-01-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521483581

Get Book

The New Catastrophism by Derek Ager,Derek Victor Ager Pdf

A re-examination of earth history in terms of rare and violent events through geological time.

Author : Roy H. Williams
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2011-12-15
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781926692579

Get Book

Earth Science by Roy H. Williams Pdf

Earth science is a broad field of study that encompasses many different disciplines, including meteorology, climatology, and geology. The importance of the earth sciences—in predicting weather and climate, tracking pollution, drilling for petroleum, evaluating soil, and monitoring ground water—is paramount in modern society. This new work covers a broad selection of topics, including use of satellite remote sensing to track pollution and weather patterns, monitoring for pre-earthquake signals, using earthquakes to uncover new information about the earth, desalination of ground water, predicting deforestation, and much more.

Author : Nigel Calder
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 125 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1975
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:500123678

Get Book

Restless Earth by Nigel Calder Pdf

Author : Robin Gill
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2015-01-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470656655

Get Book

Chemical Fundamentals of Geology and Environmental Geoscience by Robin Gill Pdf

Chemical principles are fundamental to the Earth sciences, and geoscience students increasingly require a firm grasp of basic chemistry to succeed in their studies. The enlarged third edition of this highly regarded textbook introduces the student to such ‘geo-relevant’ chemistry, presented in the same lucid and accessible style as earlier editions, but the new edition has been strengthened in its coverage of environmental geoscience and incorporates a new chapter introducing isotope geochemistry. The book comprises three broad sections. The first (Chapters 1–4) deals with the basic physical chemistry of geological processes. The second (Chapters 5–8) introduces the wave-mechanical view of the atom and explains the various types of chemical bonding that give Earth materials their diverse and distinctive properties. The final chapters (9–11) survey the geologically relevant elements and isotopes, and explain their formation and their abundances in the cosmos and the Earth. The book concludes with an extensive glossary of terms; appendices cover basic maths, explain basic solution chemistry, and list the chemical elements and the symbols, units and constants used in the book.