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Author : Liu Lin
Publisher : Central Asia-Caucasus Institute and Silk Road Studies Progra
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Political Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105123196847
Author : Jonathan Medalia
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2010-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781437932515
On May 25, 2009, North Korea announced that it had conducted its second underground nuclear test. Unlike its first test, in 2006, there is no public record that the second one released radioactive materials indicative of a nuclear explosion. How could North Korea have contained these materials from the May 2009 event and what are the implications? Contents of this report: (1) Background; (2) The North Korean Nuclear Tests: The 2006 Test; The 2009 Test; (3) Monitoring and Containing Nuclear Tests: Monitoring, Verification, Intelligence; (4) Potential Value of Containment for North Korea; (5) Issues for Congress: Implications for the CTBT; Improving Monitoring and Verification Capability; Improve the Capability of Monitoring Systems. Illus.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : 경기개발연구원
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Korea (North)
ISBN : UCSD:31822035380641
Author : Mary Beth Nikitin
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 27 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2010-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9781437923452
Contents: (1) Introduction: Main Provisions of Resolution 1874; (2) Implementation of Sanctions: A. The Ban on Financial Transactions Related to North Korea¿s Trade in Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and WMD Technology; B. Search of Sea-Borne Traffic; C. Inspecting North Korea¿s Air Cargo; D. The Ban on Financial Support for Trade with North Korea Except for Humanitarian Goods; (3) Implications of Resolution 1874: Trade, Aid, and Finance; Aid; Financial Support; Trade in Arms; Trade; North Korea¿s Proliferation, Nuclear and Missile Programs; North Korea¿s Policies and Internal Situation; (4) Assessments of UNSC Resolution 1718 (2006). Appendix: China¿s Exports of Luxury Goods to the DPRK.
Author : Sung Chull Kim,Michael D. Cohen
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-05-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781626164543
North Korea is perilously close to developing strategic nuclear weapons capable of hitting the United States and its East Asian allies. Since their first nuclear test in 2006, North Korea has struggled to perfect the required delivery systems. Kim Jong-un’s regime now appears to be close, however. Sung Chull Kim, Michael D. Cohen, and the volume contributors contend that the time to prevent North Korea from achieving this capability is virtually over; scholars and policymakers must turn their attention to how to deter a nuclear North Korea. The United States, South Korea, and Japan must also come to terms with the fact that North Korea will be able to deter them with its nuclear arsenal. How will the erratic Kim Jong-un behave when North Korea develops the capability to hit medium- and long-range targets with nuclear weapons? How will and should the United States, South Korea, Japan, and China respond, and what will this mean for regional stability in the short term and long term? The international group of authors in this volume address these questions and offer a timely analysis of the consequences of an operational North Korean nuclear capability for international security.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 19 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Korea (North)
ISBN : OCLC:74907663
On October 9, 2006, North Korea announced it conducted a nuclear test. After several days of evaluation, U.S. authorities confirmed that the underground explosion was nuclear, but that the test produced a low yield of less than one kiloton. As the United Nations Security Council met and approved a resolution condemning the tests and calling for punitive sanctions, North Korea remained defiant, insisting that any increased pressure on the regime would be regarded as an act of war. China and South Korea, the top aid providers to and trade partners with the North, supported the resolution, but uncertainty remains as to whether the two countries will strictly enforce the sanctions and/or cut off other economic cooperation and aid considered crucial to the regime. The sanction regime depends heavily on individual states' compliance with the guidelines. Economists argue that the only definitively effective punishment on North Korea would be the suspension of energy aid from China, which reportedly supplies about 70% of North Korea's fuel. Determining the motivations of a government as opaque and secretive as North Korea is exceedingly difficult, but analysts have put forth a range of possibilities to explain why the Pyongyang regime decided to test a nuclear weapon. Possible motivations include an attempt to engage the United States in bilateral talks, to ensure the security of the regime, and to satisfy hard-line elements within the Pyongyang government, as well as technical motivations for carrying out a nuclear test. The short-term implications of North Korea's nuclear test are clear: whether a technical success or failure, North Korea's willingness to carry out a test in the face of significant opposition indicates that it is willing to endure the potential consequences. Analysts fear that the medium and long-term implications could include a more potent nuclear threat from Pyongyang, a nuclear arms race in Asia, and the transfer of nuclear weapons or material to states or groups hostile to the United States. There are also strong concerns about the impact on the global nonproliferation regime, particularly to other states poised to develop their own nuclear weapon programs. The most fundamental U.S. goals of the confrontation with North Korea are to prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and to prevent an attack -- either nuclear or conventional -- on the United States and its allies in the region. The options available to U.S. policymakers to pursue these goals include the acceptance of North Korea as a nuclear power, bilateral or multilateral negotiations, heightened legal and economic pressure on North Korea, adoption of a regime change policy through non-military means, military action or threats, and withdrawal from the conflict.
Author : Sung-wook Nam
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789813239982
This book explains the origin and historical development of North Korean nuclear weapon dated from the aftermath of World War II. The story of North Korea's nuclear program began when the United States dropped atomic bombs over Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 which led to Japan's immediate defeat. Surprised by the speed of Japan's surrender, North Korea's founding leader Kim Il-sung vowed to secure nuclear capability to avoid suffering the fate of its eastern neighbor. Based on the author's extensive experience in the academia, government, and intelligence circles, the book traces how the nuclear program has evolved since and explores wide-ranging issues including the positive function of nuclear weapon in Pyongyang's local politics, the history of negotiations between Washington and Pyongyang, the prospects of denuclearization in the Korean Peninsula, the diplomatic and military options presented to US President Donald Trump in dealing with the nuclear threat, and the future scenarios of the North Korean regime and the possibilities of a reunified Korea.With the nuclear weapon crisis likely to persist in the foreseeable time, is it feasible for South Korea to achieve reunification in the Korean Peninsula? Will the six-party members like the US, China, Russia and Japan agree with reunification without denuclearization? Can the issues of nuclear weapon and unification be settled simultaneously in the future? The book seeks to address these questions and more.
Author : Sung Chull Kim,Michael D. Cohen (PhD)
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Korea (North)
ISBN : 9781626164536
North Korea is perilously close to developing strategic nuclear weapons capable of hitting the United States and its East Asian allies. The volume contributors contend that the time to prevent North Korea from achieving this capability is virtually over; scholars and policymakers must turn their attention to how to deter a nuclear North Korea.
Author : Kwang Ho Chun
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Ballistic missiles
ISBN : UCSD:31822036831691
Introduction -- Nuclear weapons, motivation, and sense of vulnerability -- A historical review of North Korea's perceived vulnerability and its nuclear program -- The height of the Cold War (1950-68) -- Détente and rapprochement (1969-89) -- The collapse of the Communist bloc and its aftermath : from the late 1980s to the Framework Agreement -- Following the 1994 Framework Agreement -- Conclusion.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 15 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Blockade
ISBN : OCLC:426045994
The United Nations Security Council unanimously passed Res. 1874 on June 12, 2009, in response to North Korea's second nuclear test. The resolution puts in place a series of sanctions on North Korea's arms sales, luxury goods, and financial transactions related to its weapons programs, and calls upon states to inspect North Korean vessels suspected of carrying such shipments. The resolution does allow for shipments of food and nonmilitary goods. As was the case with an earlier U.N. resolution, 1718, that was passed in October 2006 after North Korea's first nuclear test, Res. 1874 seeks to curb financial benefits that go to North Korea's regime and its weapons program. This report summarizes and analyzes Res. 1874.
Author : Ankit Panda
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2020-07-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190060367
In September 2017, North Korea shocked the world by exploding the most powerful nuclear device tested anywhere in 25 years. Months earlier, it had conducted the first test flight of a missile capable of ranging much of the United States. By the end of that year, Kim Jong Un, the reclusive state's ruler, declared that his nuclear deterrent was complete. Today, North Korea's nuclear weapons stockpile and ballistic missile arsenal continues to grow, presenting one of the most serious challenges to international security to date. Internal regime propaganda has called North Korea's nuclear forces the country's "treasured sword," underscoring the cherished place of these weapons in national strategy. Fiercely committed to self-reliance, Kim remains determined to avoid unilateral disarmament. Kim Jong Un and the Bomb tells the story of how North Korea-once derided in the 1970s as a "fourth-rate pipsqueak" of a country by President Richard Nixon-came to credibly threaten the American homeland by November 2017. Ankit Panda explores the contours of North Korea's nuclear capabilities, the developmental history of its weapons programs, and the prospects for disarming or constraining Kim's arsenal. With no signs that North Korea's total disarmament is imminent over the next years or even decade, Panda explores the consequences of a nuclear-armed North Korea for the United States, South Korea, and the world.
Author : Larry A. Niksch
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : History
ISBN : 9781437922820
Contents: (1) North Korea¿s Nuclear Test and Withdrawal from the Six Party Talks: Bush Administration-North Korean Agreements and Failure of Implementation; Implementation Process; Verification Issue; Kim Jong-il¿s Stroke, and Political Changes Inside North Korea; Issues Facing the Obama Administration; (2) North Korea¿s Nuclear Programs: Plutonium Program; Highly Enriched Uranium Program; International Assistance; Nuclear Collaboration with Iran and Syria; North Korea¿s Delivery Systems; State of Nuclear Weapons Development; (3) Select Chronology; (4) For Additional Reading.
Author : Larry A. Niksch
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 25 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Korea (North)
ISBN : OCLC:1050631657
North Korea's first test of a nuclear weapon on October 9, 2006, and its multiple missile tests of July 4, 2006, escalate the issue of North Korea in U.S. foreign policy. These acts show a North Korean intent to stage a nuclear breakout of its nuclear program and openly produce nuclear weapons. The main objective of the Bush Administration is to secure the dismantling of North Korea's plutonium and uranium-based nuclear programs. Its strategy has been: (1) terminating the Agreed Framework; (2) withholding U.S. reciprocal measures until North Korea takes steps to dismantle its nuclear programs; (3) assembling an international coalition, through six party negotiations, to apply diplomatic and economic pressure on North Korea; and (4) imposing financial sanctions on foreign banks that facilitate North Korea's illegal counterfeiting activities. China, South Korea, and Russia have criticized the Bush Administration for not negotiating directly with North Korea, and they voice opposition to economic sanctions and to the potential use of force against Pyongyang. China, Russia, and South Korea have expressed support for key North Korean negotiating proposals in six-party talks. The talks have made little progress. North Korea has widened progressively the gap between its core negotiating position and the U.S. core position, for example when it asserted that it would not dismantle or even disclose its nuclear programs until light water reactors were physically constructed in North Korea. Critics increasingly have charged that despite its tough rhetoric, the Bush Administration gives North Korea a relatively low priority in U.S. foreign policy and takes a passive diplomatic approach to the nuclear issue and other issues. This report replaces IB91141, North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Program, by Larry A. Niksch. It will be updated periodically.
Author : Bruce W. Bennett,Kang Choi,Myong-Hyun Go,Bruce E. Bechtol,Jiyoung Park
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021-04-12
Category : History
ISBN : 1977406769
The authors argue that the United States and the Republic of Korea (ROK) should pursue firm deterrence of North Korean nuclear weapon use--which might soon pose a serious threat to the United States and the ROK--rather than relying on negotiations.
Author : Yoichi Funabashi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2007-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0815733844
In October 2002 the United States confronted North Korea with suspicions that Pyongyang was enriching uranium in violation of the Agreed Framework that the nations had worked out during the Clinton administration. North Korea subsequently evicted international monitors and resumed its nuclear weapons program. The Peninsula Question chronicles the resulting second Korean nuclear crisis. Japanese journalist Yoichi Funabashi, informed by interviews with more than 160 diplomats and decision makers from China, Japan, Russia, South Korea, and the United States, provides a behind-the-scenes look at the negotiations to denuclearize the peninsula. Between 2002 and 2006, a series of top level diplomats, including the prime minister of Japan, attempted to engage with North Korea. Funabashi illustrates how the individual efforts of these major powers laid the groundwork for multilateral negotiations, first as the trilateral meeting and then as the Six-Party Talks. The first four rounds of talks (2003-2005) resulted in significant progress. Unfortunately, a lack of implementation after that breakthrough ultimately led to North Korea's missile tests in July and subsequent nuclear tests in October 2006. Th e Peninsula Question provides a window of understanding on the historical, geopolitical, and security concerns at play on the Korean peninsula since 2002. Offering multiple perspectives on the second Korean nuclear crisis, it describes more than just the U.S. and North Korean points of view. It pays special attention to China's dealings with North Korea, providing rare insights to into the decision-making processes of Beijing. This is an important, authoritative resource for understanding the crisis in Korea and diplomacy in Northeast Asia.