The Origins Of The General Theory Of Relativity

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The Curious History of Relativity

Author : Jean Eisenstaedt
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2018-06-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691186757

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The Curious History of Relativity by Jean Eisenstaedt Pdf

Black holes may obliterate most things that come near them, but they saved the theory of general relativity. Einstein's theory was quickly accepted as the true theory of gravity after its publication in 1915, but soon took a back seat in physics to quantum mechanics and languished for decades on the blackboards of mathematicians. Not until the existence of black holes by Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose in the 1960s, after Einstein's death, was the theory revived. Almost one hundred years after general relativity replaced Newton's theory of gravitation, The Curious History of Relativity tells the story of both events surrounding general relativity and the techniques employed by Einstein and the relativists to construct, develop, and understand his almost impenetrable theory. Jean Eisenstaedt, one of the world's leading experts on the subject, also discusses the theory's place in the evolution of twentieth-century physics. He describes the main stages in the development of general relativity: its beginnings, its strange crossing of the desert during Einstein's lifetime while under heated criticism, and its new life from the 1960s on, when it became vital to the understanding of black holes and the observation of exotic objects, and, eventually, to the discovery of the accelerating universe. We witness Einstein's construction of his theory, as well as the work of his fascinated, discouraged, and enthusiastic colleagues--physicists, mathematicians, and astronomers. Written with flair, The Curious History of Relativity poses--and answers--the difficult questions raised by Einstein's magnificent intellectual feat.

Einstein and the History of General Relativity

Author : Don Howard,John Stachel
Publisher : Einstein Studies
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : UOM:39015015325122

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Einstein and the History of General Relativity by Don Howard,John Stachel Pdf

Based upon the proceedings of the First International Conference on the History of General Relativity, held at Boston University's Osgood Hill Conference Center, North Andover, Massachusetts, 8-11 May 1986, this volume brings together essays by twelve prominent historians and philosophers of science and physicists. The topics range from the development of general relativity (John Norton, John Stachel) and its early reception (Carlo Cattani, Michelangelo De Maria, Anne Kox), through attempts to understand the physical implications of the theory (Jean Eisenstaedt, Peter Havas) and to quantize it (Peter G. Bergmann), to elaborations of the theory into a unified theory of electromagnetism and gravitation (Vladimir P. Vizgin, Michel Biezunski), and considerations of its cosmological extensions (Pierre Kerszberg, George F.R. Ellis). This is the first volume to survey many of the most important questions in the history of general relativity, with many of the contributions drawing upon such original resources as the Einstein Archive. It is hoped that it will stimulate much-needed further research in this hitherto neglected area.

The Road to Relativity

Author : Hanoch Gutfreund,Jürgen Renn
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691175812

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The Road to Relativity by Hanoch Gutfreund,Jürgen Renn Pdf

An annotated facsimile edition of Einstein's handwritten manuscript on the foundations of general relativity This richly annotated facsimile edition of "The Foundation of General Relativity" introduces a new generation of readers to Albert Einstein's theory of gravitation. Written in 1915, this remarkable document is a watershed in the history of physics and an enduring testament to the elegance and precision of Einstein's thought. Presented here is a beautiful facsimile of Einstein's original handwritten manuscript, along with its English translation and an insightful page-by-page commentary that places the work in historical and scientific context. Hanoch Gutfreund and Jürgen Renn's concise introduction traces Einstein's intellectual odyssey from special to general relativity, and their essay "The Charm of a Manuscript" provides a delightful meditation on the varied afterlife of Einstein's text. Featuring a foreword by John Stachel, this handsome edition also includes a biographical glossary of the figures discussed in the book, a comprehensive bibliography, suggestions for further reading, and numerous photos and illustrations throughout.

Studies in the History of General Relativity

Author : Jean Eisenstaedt,A.J. Kox
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1992-02-07
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : UCSD:31822007956493

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Studies in the History of General Relativity by Jean Eisenstaedt,A.J. Kox Pdf

Among the considerations of the two dozen papers are the reception and development of Einstein's theory of general relativity in various institutions around the world; conceptual issues of the theory, especially themes, concepts, and principles associated with his theory of gravity; a number of tech

Relativity: The Special and General Theory

Author : Albert Einstein
Publisher : Diamond Pocket Books Pvt Ltd
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2021-07-09
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9789390960712

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Relativity: The Special and General Theory by Albert Einstein Pdf

Albert Einstein, a Nobel laureate, has changed the world with his research and theories. He is regarded as the founder of modern physics. Besides ‘Relativity’, he worked on Photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, Special relativity, and Mass-Energy equivalence (E=mc2). They reformed the views on time, space and matter. Allert Einstein developed the general theory of ‘Relativity’. He published ‘Relativity: The Special and the General Theory’ in German. Its first English translation was published in 1920. The book deals with the special theory of relativity, the general theory of relativity, and the considerations on the universe as a whole The book gives an exact insight into the theory of Relativity. It covers, the system of Co-ordinates; The Lorentz Transformation; The experiment of Fizeau; Minkowski’s four dimensional space; The Gravitational Field; Gaussian Co-ordinates; The structure of space, and lot many other scientific concepts thus will be highly beneficial to the Readers. A must have book for everyone related to modern physics.

Relativity

Author : Albert Einstein
Publisher : Nabu Press
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2014-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1295675110

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Relativity by Albert Einstein Pdf

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Relativity: The Special And General Theory 3 Albert Einstein Robert W Henry Holt and Company, 1920 Relativity (Physics)

Lecture Notes on the General Theory of Relativity

Author : Øyvind Grøn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2010-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387881348

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Lecture Notes on the General Theory of Relativity by Øyvind Grøn Pdf

This book collects lectures on the general theory of relativity given by Dr. Øyvind Grøn at the University of Oslo, Norway. This accessible text allows students to follow the deductions all the way throughout the book.

Relativity

Author : Albert Einstein
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : General relativity (Physics)
ISBN : 0691166331

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Relativity by Albert Einstein Pdf

After completing the final version of his general theory of relativity in November 1915, Albert Einstein wrote a book about relativity for a popular audience. This new edition of Einstein's book features an authoritative English translation of the text along with an introduction and a reading companion that examines the evolution of Einstein's thinking and casts his ideas in a broader present-day context. A special chapter explores the history of and the stories behind the early foreign-language editions in light of the reception of relativity in different countries. This edition also includes a survey of the introductions from these editions, covers from selected early editions, a letter from Walther Rathenau to Einstein discussing the book, and a revealing sample from Einstein's handwritten manuscript.--

The Perfect Theory

Author : Pedro G. Ferreira
Publisher : HMH
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2014-02-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780547554907

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The Perfect Theory by Pedro G. Ferreira Pdf

“One of the best popular accounts of how Einstein and his followers have been trying to explain the universe for decades” (Kirkus Reviews, starred review). Physicists have been exploring, debating, and questioning the general theory of relativity ever since Albert Einstein first presented it in 1915. This has driven their work to unveil the universe’s surprising secrets even further, and many believe more wonders remain hidden within the theory’s tangle of equations, waiting to be exposed. In this sweeping narrative of science and culture, an astrophysicist brings general relativity to life through the story of the brilliant physicists, mathematicians, and astronomers who have taken up its challenge. For these scientists, the theory has been both a treasure trove and an enigma. Einstein’s theory, which explains the relationships among gravity, space, and time, is possibly the most perfect intellectual achievement of modern physics—yet studying it has always been a controversial endeavor. Relativists were the target of persecution in Hitler’s Germany, hounded in Stalin’s Russia, and disdained in 1950s America. Even today, PhD students are warned that specializing in general relativity will make them unemployable. Still, general relativity has flourished, delivering key insights into our understanding of the origin of time and the evolution of all the stars and galaxies in the cosmos. Its adherents have revealed what lies at the farthest reaches of the universe, shed light on the smallest scales of existence, and explained how the fabric of reality emerges. Dark matter, dark energy, black holes, and string theory are all progeny of Einstein’s theory. In the midst of a momentous transformation in modern physics, as scientists look farther and more clearly into space than ever before, The Perfect Theory exposes the greater relevance of general relativity, showing us where it started, where it has led—and where it can still take us.

The Curious History of Relativity

Author : Jean Eisenstaedt
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Science
ISBN : 0691118655

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The Curious History of Relativity by Jean Eisenstaedt Pdf

Black holes may obliterate most things that come near them, but they saved the theory of general relativity. Einstein's theory was quickly accepted as the true theory of gravity after its publication in 1915, but soon took a back seat in physics to quantum mechanics and languished for decades on the blackboards of mathematicians. Not until the existence of black holes by Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose in the 1960s, after Einstein's death, was the theory revived. Almost one hundred years after general relativity replaced Newton's theory of gravitation, The Curious History of Relativity tells the story of both events surrounding general relativity and the techniques employed by Einstein and the relativists to construct, develop, and understand his almost impenetrable theory. Jean Eisenstaedt, one of the world's leading experts on the subject, also discusses the theory's place in the evolution of twentieth-century physics. He describes the main stages in the development of general relativity: its beginnings, its strange crossing of the desert during Einstein's lifetime while under heated criticism, and its new life from the 1960s on, when it became vital to the understanding of black holes and the observation of exotic objects, and, eventually, to the discovery of the accelerating universe. We witness Einstein's construction of his theory, as well as the work of his fascinated, discouraged, and enthusiastic colleagues--physicists, mathematicians, and astronomers. Written with flair, The Curious History of Relativity poses--and answers--the difficult questions raised by Einstein's magnificent intellectual feat.

The Genesis of General Relativity

Author : Jürgen Renn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 2072 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2007-06-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402040009

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The Genesis of General Relativity by Jürgen Renn Pdf

This four-volume work represents the most comprehensive documentation and study of the creation of general relativity. Einstein’s 1912 Zurich notebook is published for the first time in facsimile and transcript and commented on by today’s major historians of science. Additional sources from Einstein and others, who from the late 19th to the early 20th century contributed to this monumental development, are presented here in translation for the first time. The volumes offer detailed commentaries and analyses of these sources that are based on a close reading of these documents supplemented by interpretations by the leading historians of relativity.

The Expanding Worlds of General Relativity

Author : Hubert Goenner,Jürgen Renn,Jim Ritter,Tilman Sauer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 678 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1998-12-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0817640606

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The Expanding Worlds of General Relativity by Hubert Goenner,Jürgen Renn,Jim Ritter,Tilman Sauer Pdf

The past decade has seen a considerable surge of interest in historical and philo sophical studies of gravitation and relativity, due not only to the tremendous amount of world-wide research in general relativity and its theoretical and observational consequences, but also to an increasing awareness that a collaboration between working scientists, historians and philosophers of science is, in this field, partic ularly promising for all participants. The expanding activity in this field is well documented by recent volumes in this Einstein Studies series on the History of General Relativity as well as by a series of international conferences on this topic at Osgood Hill (1986), Luminy (1988), and Pittsburgh (1991). The fourth of these conferences, hosted by the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, was held in Berlin from 31 July to 3 August 1995, with a record attendance of some 80 historians and philosophers of science, physicists, mathematicians, and as tronomers. Based on presentations at the Berlin conference, this volume provides an overview of the present state of research in this field, documenting not only the increasing scope of recent investigations in the history of relativity and gravitation but also the emergence of several key issues that will probably remain at the focus of debate in the near future. RELATIVITY IN THE MAKING The papers of this section deal with the origins and genesis of relativity theory.

Einstein, Hilbert, and The Theory of Gravitation

Author : Jagdish Mehra
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401021944

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Einstein, Hilbert, and The Theory of Gravitation by Jagdish Mehra Pdf

Some time ago I published a small piece * dealing with a charming little essay on 'the state of ether in magnetic fields', which the sixteen-year-old Einstein had written while he was awaiting admission to the E. T. H. in Zurich. This paper sought to trace the continuity between Einstein's early interest in electrodynamics and his later work on the special and general relativity theories. On reading this paper, Professor Eugene Wigner asked me whether David Hilbert had not independently discovered the field equations of gravitation. ** His impression from his stay in Gottingen (where Wigner had been Hilbert's assistant for one year in the late nineteen-twenties) was that Hilbert had indeed done so, and he asked me if it was true. I replied to Professor Wigner about Hilbert's contribution to the theory of gravitation. t He kindly encouraged me to expand my account to deal with the intricate and exciting details of the early years in the formulation of the general relativity theory of gravitation. This is what I have sought to do in this study. Albert Einstein created the general relativity theory of gravitation and dominated its development through the rest of his life. His early work on the theory of gravitation, from 1912 to 1916, had the drama of high adventure. It culminated in the establishment of its foundations which have remained unassailed by the theoretical and experimental work of succeeding decades.

Gravitation and Cosmology: Principles and Applications of the General Theory of Relativity

Author : August Hall
Publisher : Clanrye International
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2023-09-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 1647266777

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Gravitation and Cosmology: Principles and Applications of the General Theory of Relativity by August Hall Pdf

Cosmology is a field of astronomy that studies the origin and evolution of the universe. General theory of relativity, also called Einstein's theory of gravity, serves as the foundation for comprehending the history and large-scale structure of the universe. A number of significant predictions about the physical world such as the Big Bang origin of the universe, the existence of black holes, effect of gravity on clocks, and gravitational lensing are also based on general relativity theory. According to this theory, numerous astrophysical occurrences produce gravitational waves, which are ripples in the geometry of spacetime and these propagate at the speed of light. This theory provides a unified description of gravity as a geometric property of space and time, also known as the four-dimensional spacetime model. It also improves upon Newton's law of universal gravitation and generalizes special relativity. It serves as the foundation for the fields of relativistic astrophysics and cosmology. This book unfolds the principles and applications of the general theory relativity. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. The book will help the readers in keeping pace with the rapid changes in this field.

Relativity, the Special and the General Theory; A Popular Exposition

Author : Albert Einstein
Publisher : Franklin Classics
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-13
Category : History
ISBN : 0342852426

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Relativity, the Special and the General Theory; A Popular Exposition by Albert Einstein Pdf

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