The Oxford Handbook Of The History Of Eugenics

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The Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics

Alison Bashford,Philippa Levine
The Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics Book PDF

Author : Alison Bashford,Philippa Levine
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2010-08-03
Category : History
ISBN : 0199706530

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The Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics by Alison Bashford,Philippa Levine Pdf

Eugenic thought and practice swept the world from the late nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century in a remarkable transnational phenomenon. Eugenics informed social and scientific policy across the political spectrum, from liberal welfare measures in emerging social-democratic states to feminist ambitions for birth control, from public health campaigns to totalitarian dreams of the "perfectibility of man." This book dispels for uninitiated readers the automatic and apparently exclusive link between eugenics and the Holocaust. It is the first world history of eugenics and an indispensable core text for both teaching and research. Eugenics has accumulated generations of interest as experts attempted to connect biology, human capacity, and policy. In the past and the present, eugenics speaks to questions of race, class, gender and sex, evolution, governance, nationalism, disability, and the social implications of science. In the current climate, in which the human genome project, stem cell research, and new reproductive technologies have proven so controversial, the history of eugenics has much to teach us about the relationship between scientific research, technology, and human ethical decision-making.

Eugenics

Philippa Levine
Eugenics Book PDF

Author : Philippa Levine
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 167 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Eugenics
ISBN : 9780199385904

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Eugenics by Philippa Levine Pdf

A concise and gripping account of eugenics from its origins in the twentieth century and beyond.

The Oxford Handbook of Disability History

Michael A. Rembis,Catherine Jean Kudlick,Kim E. Nielsen
The Oxford Handbook of Disability History Book PDF

Author : Michael A. Rembis,Catherine Jean Kudlick,Kim E. Nielsen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 553 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190234959

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The Oxford Handbook of Disability History by Michael A. Rembis,Catherine Jean Kudlick,Kim E. Nielsen Pdf

This Handbook brings together twenty-nine authors from around the world, each expert in a different area within the history of disability. This collection of new and original essays forms a benchmark in a field of historical inquiry that has been growing and maturing over the last thirty years. It is the first book to gather critical essays that incorporate studies from South and East Asia, eastern and western Europe, Australia, North America, and the Arab world. This Handbook is unique among other disability history texts in that it engages simultaneously in methodological and historiographic debates and in a further articulation and analysis of the lived experiences of disabled people.

Psychiatry and the Legacies of Eugenics

Frank W. Stahnisch,Erna Kurbegović
Psychiatry and the Legacies of Eugenics Book PDF

Author : Frank W. Stahnisch,Erna Kurbegović
Publisher : Athabasca University Press
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2020-07-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781771992657

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Psychiatry and the Legacies of Eugenics by Frank W. Stahnisch,Erna Kurbegović Pdf

From 1928 to 1972, the Alberta Sexual Sterilization Act, Canada’s lengthiest eugenic policy, shaped social discourses and medical practice in the province. Sterilization programs—particularly involuntary sterilization programs—were responding both nationally and internationally to social anxieties produced by the perceived connection between mental degeneration and heredity. Psychiatry and the Legacies of Eugenics illustrates how the emerging field of psychiatry and its concerns about inheritable conditions was heavily influenced by eugenic thought and contributed to the longevity of sterilization practices in Western Canada. Using institutional case studies, biographical accounts, and media developments from Western Canada and Europe, contributors trace the impact of eugenics on nursing practices, politics, and social attitudes, while investigating the ways in which eugenics discourses persisted unexpectedly and remained mostly unexamined in psychiatric practice. This volume further extends historical analysis into considerations of contemporary policy and human rights issues through a discussion of disability studies as well as compensation claims for victims of sterilization. In impressive detail, contributors shed new light on the medical and political influences of eugenics on psychiatry at a key moment in the field’s development. With contributions by Ashley Barlow, W. Mikkel Dack, Diana Mansell, Guel A. Russell, Celeste Tuong Vy Sharpe, Henderikus J. Stam, Douglas Wahlsten, Paul J. Weindling, Robert A. Wilson, Gregor Wolbring, and Marc Workman.

Sterilized by the State

Randall Hansen,Desmond King
Sterilized by the State Book PDF

Author : Randall Hansen,Desmond King
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2013-08-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107032927

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Sterilized by the State by Randall Hansen,Desmond King Pdf

This book shows how eugenic sterilization policies were maintained after the 1940s in the United States and Canada despite the discrediting of such theories by comparable Nazi Germany policies. It focuses on the individual experience of victims of sterilization, the doctors concerned, and the mental health institutions that protected the system.

Future Human Evolution

John Glad
Future Human Evolution Book PDF

Author : John Glad
Publisher : Future Human Evolution
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Eugenics
ISBN : 9781557791542

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Future Human Evolution by John Glad Pdf

Evolutionary selection has been radically relaxed in the human species as a result of the development of civilization, science in general, and medicine in particular. While these advances have hugely benefited current populations, they have to a significant degree released the species from the biological process which created it and maintains its viability. Formerly, natural selection took place largely as a result of differential mortality, but now that most people survive well beyond their child bearing years, selection is determined largely by differential fertility. Aside from genetic illnesses, this new selection is also characterized by a negative correlation between fertility and intelligencethe core of eugenic concern for over a century. Eugenics views itself as the fourth leg of the chair of civilization, the other three being a) a thrifty expenditure of natural resources, b) mitigation of environmental pollution, and c) maintenance of a human population not exceeding the planets carrying capacity. Eugenics, which can be thought of as human ecology, is thus part and parcel of the environmental movement. Humanity is defined, not as the totality of the currently living population, but as the number of people who will potentially ever live. This is a book about the struggle for human rights and parental responsibility.

The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics

Jed Z. Buchwald,Robert Fox
The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics Book PDF

Author : Jed Z. Buchwald,Robert Fox
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 956 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199696253

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The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics by Jed Z. Buchwald,Robert Fox Pdf

Presents a history of physics, examining the theories and experimental practices of the science.

Control: The Dark History and Troubling Present of Eugenics

Adam Rutherford
Control The Dark History and Troubling Present of Eugenics Book PDF

Author : Adam Rutherford
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2022-11-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781324035619

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Control: The Dark History and Troubling Present of Eugenics by Adam Rutherford Pdf

How did an obscure academic idea pave the way to the Holocaust within just fifty years? Control is a book about eugenics, what geneticist Adam Rutherford calls “a defining idea of the twentieth century.” Inspired by Darwin’s ideas about evolution, eugenics arose in Victorian England as a theory for improving the British population, and quickly spread to America, where it was embraced by presidents, funded by Gilded Age monopolists, and enshrined into racist American laws that became the ideological cornerstone of the Third Reich. Despite this horrific legacy, eugenics looms large today as the advances in genetics in the last thirty years—from the sequencing of the human genome to modern gene editing techniques—have brought the idea of population purification back into the mainstream. Eugenics has “a short history, but a long past,” Rutherford writes. The first half of Control is the history of an idea, from its roots in key philosophical texts of the classical world all the way into their genocidal enactment in the twentieth century. The second part of the book explores how eugenics operates today, as part of our language and culture, as part of current political and racial discussions, and as an eternal temptation to powerful people who wish to improve society through reproductive control. With disarming wit and scientific precision, Rutherford explains why eugenics still figures prominently in the twenty-first century, despite its genocidal past. And he confronts insidious recurring questions—did eugenics work in Nazi Germany? And could it work today?—revealing the intellectual bankruptcy of the idea, and the scientific impossibility of its realization.

Global Population

Alison Bashford
Global Population Book PDF

Author : Alison Bashford
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2014-02-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780231147668

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Global Population by Alison Bashford Pdf

Concern about the size of the world’s population did not begin with the Baby Boomers. Overpopulation as a conceptual problem originated after World War I and was understood as an issue with far-reaching ecological, agricultural, economic, and geopolitical consequences. This study traces the idea of a world population problem as it developed from the 1920s through the 1950s, long before the late-1960s notion of a postwar “population bomb.” Drawing on international conference transcripts, the volume reconstructs the twentieth-century discourse on population as an international issue concerned with migration, colonial expansion, sovereignty, and globalization. It connects the genealogy of population discourse to the rise of economically and demographically defined global regions, the characterization of “civilizations” with different standards of living, global attitudes toward “development,” and first- and third-world designations.

Jewish Eugenics

John Glad
Jewish Eugenics Book PDF

Author : John Glad
Publisher : Wooden Shore L.L.C.
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Eugenics
ISBN : 0897030052

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Jewish Eugenics by John Glad Pdf

Eugenics (human ecology) has always understood itself to be part of the struggle for human rights-- those of future generations. John Glad lays out the eugenic thrust of traditional Jewish culture and shows how Zionism itself was conceived as a grand eugenic plan. --From publisher's description.

Popular Eugenics

Susan Currell,Christina Cogdell
Popular Eugenics Book PDF

Author : Susan Currell,Christina Cogdell
Publisher : Ohio University Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Culture in motion pictures
ISBN : 9780821416914

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Popular Eugenics by Susan Currell,Christina Cogdell Pdf

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Preaching Eugenics

Christine Rosen
Preaching Eugenics Book PDF

Author : Christine Rosen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2004-03-04
Category : Religion
ISBN : 0198035640

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Preaching Eugenics by Christine Rosen Pdf

With our success in mapping the human genome, the possibility of altering our genetic futures has given rise to difficult ethical questions. Although opponents of genetic manipulation frequently raise the specter of eugenics, our contemporary debates about bioethics often take place in a historical vacuum. In fact, American religious leaders raised similarly challenging ethical questions in the first half of the twentieth century. Preaching Eugenics tells how Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish leaders confronted and, in many cases, enthusiastically embraced eugenics-a movement that embodied progressive attitudes about modern science at the time. Christine Rosen argues that religious leaders pursued eugenics precisely when they moved away from traditional religious tenets. The liberals and modernists-those who challenged their churches to embrace modernity-became the eugenics movement's most enthusiastic supporters. Their participation played an important part in the success of the American eugenics movement. In the early twentieth century, leaders of churches and synagogues were forced to defend their faiths on many fronts. They faced new challenges from scientists and intellectuals; they struggled to adapt to the dramatic social changes wrought by immigration and urbanization; and they were often internally divided by doctrinal controversies among modernists, liberals, and fundamentalists. Rosen draws on previously unexplored archival material from the records of the American Eugenics Society, religious and scientific books and periodicals of the day, and the personal papers of religious leaders such as Rev. John Haynes Holmes, Rev. Harry Emerson Fosdick, Rev. John M. Cooper, Rev. John A. Ryan, and biologists Charles Davenport and Ellsworth Huntington, to produce an intellectual history of these figures that is both lively and illuminating. The story of how religious leaders confronted one of the era's newest "sciences," eugenics, sheds important new light on a time much like our own, when religion and science are engaged in critical and sometimes bitter dialogue.

The New Eugenics

Judith Daar
The New Eugenics Book PDF

Author : Judith Daar
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2017-02-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780300229035

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The New Eugenics by Judith Daar Pdf

A provocative examination of how unequal access to reproductive technology replays the sins of the eugenics movement Eugenics, the effort to improve the human species by inhibiting reproduction of “inferior” genetic strains, ultimately came to be regarded as the great shame of the Progressive movement. Judith Daar, a prominent expert on the intersection of law and medicine, argues that current attitudes toward the potential users of modern assisted reproductive technologies threaten to replicate eugenics’ same discriminatory practices. In this book, Daar asserts how barriers that block certain people’s access to reproductive technologies are often founded on biases rooted in notions of class, race, and marital status. As a result, poor, minority, unmarried, disabled, and LGBT individuals are denied technologies available to well-off nonminority heterosexual applicants. An original argument on a highly emotional and important issue, this work offers a surprising departure from more familiar arguments on the issue as it warns physicians, government agencies, and the general public against repeating the mistakes of the past.

Gender and Empire

Philippa Levine
Gender and Empire Book PDF

Author : Philippa Levine
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2007-03-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780191530395

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Gender and Empire by Philippa Levine Pdf

Focusing the perspectives of gender scholarship on the study of empire, this is an original volume full of fascinating insights about the conduct of men as well as women. Bringing together disparate fields - politics, medicine, sexuality, childhood, religion, migration, and many more topics - this collection of essays demonstrates the richness of studying empire through the lens of gender. This is a more inclusive look at empire, which asks not only why the empire was dominated by men, but how that domination affected the conduct of imperial politics. The fresh, new interpretations of the British Empire offered here, will interest readers across a wide range, demonstrating the vitality of this innovative approach and the new historical questions it raises.

Race and Empire

Chloe Campbell
Race and Empire Book PDF

Author : Chloe Campbell
Publisher : Manchester University Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2007-06-15
Category : History
ISBN : 0719071607

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Race and Empire by Chloe Campbell Pdf

Race and Empire tells the story of a short-lived but vehement eugenics movement that emerged among a group of Europeans in Kenya in the 1930s, unleashing a set of writings on racial differences in intelligence more extreme than that emanating from any other British colony in the twentieth century. The Kenyan eugenics movement of the 1930s adapted British ideas to the colonial environment: in all its extremity, Kenyan eugenics was not simply a bizarre and embarrassing colonial mutation, as it was later dismissed, but a logical extension of British eugenics in a colonial context. By tracing the history of eugenic thought in Kenya, the books shows how the movement took on a distinctive colonial character, driven by settler political preoccupations and reacting to increasingly outspoken African demands for better, and more independent, education. The economic fragility of Kenya in the early 1930s made the eugenicists particularly dependent on British financial support. Ultimately, the suspicious response of the Colonial Office and the Prime Minister, Ramsay MacDonald, backed up by a growing expert concern about race in science, led to the failure of Kenyan eugenics to gain the necessary British backing. Despite this lack of concrete success, eugenic theories on race and intelligence were widely supported by the medical profession in Kenya, as well as powerful members of the official and non-official European settler population. The long-term failures of the eugenics movement should not blind us to its influence among the social and administrative elite of colonial Kenya. Through a close examination of attitudes towards race and intelligence in a British colony, Race and Empire reveals how eugenics was central to colonial racial theories before World War Two.