The Paradox Of Violence In Venezuela

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The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela

David Smilde,Verónica Zubillaga,Rebecca Hanson
The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela Book PDF

Author : David Smilde,Verónica Zubillaga,Rebecca Hanson
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2022-05-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9780822988762

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The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela by David Smilde,Verónica Zubillaga,Rebecca Hanson Pdf

Crime and violence soared in twenty-first-century Venezuela even as poverty and inequality decreased, contradicting the conventional wisdom that these are the underlying causes of violence. The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela explains the rise of violence under both Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro—leftist presidents who made considerable investment in social programs and political inclusion. Contributors argue that violence arose not from the frustration of inequality, or the needs created by poverty, but rather from the interrelated factors of a particular type of revolutionary governance, extraordinary oil revenues, a reliance on militarized policing, and the persistence of concentrated disadvantage. These factors led to dramatic but unequal economic growth, massive institutional and social change, and dysfunctional criminal justice policies that destabilized illicit markets and social networks, leading to an increase in violent conflict resolution. The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela reorients thinking about violence and its relationship to poverty, inequality, and the state.

The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela

David Smilde,Verónica Zubillaga,Rebecca Hanson
The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela Book PDF

Author : David Smilde,Verónica Zubillaga,Rebecca Hanson
Publisher : Pitt Latin American
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2022-06-07
Category : History
ISBN : 0822947129

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The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela by David Smilde,Verónica Zubillaga,Rebecca Hanson Pdf

Crime and violence soared in twenty-first century Venezuela even as poverty decreased, contradicting the conventional wisdom that poverty and inequality are the underlying causes of violence. The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela explains the rise of violence under both Hugo Chavez and Nicolás Maduro--democratically elected leftists who made considerable investment in social programs and political inclusion. Contributors argue that violence arose not from the frustration of inequality, or the needs created by poverty, but rather from the interrelated factors of a particular type of revolutionary governance, extraordinary oil revenues, a reliance on militarized policing, and the persistence of concentrated disadvantage. These factors led to dramatic but unequal economic growth, massive institutional and social change, and dysfunctional criminal justice policies that destabilized illicit markets and social networks, leading to an increase in violent conflict resolution. The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela reorients thinking about violence and its relationship to poverty, inequality, and the state.

The Political Economy of Violence

Daniel S. Leon
The Political Economy of Violence Book PDF

Author : Daniel S. Leon
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2010-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781599423654

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The Political Economy of Violence by Daniel S. Leon Pdf

This study will attempt to answer the question of how can the rise in social violence since the 1980s be explained in the oil-rich nation of Venezuela? The once relatively peaceful nation of Venezuela has seen a dramatic rise in social violence over the last three decades that has placed her amongst some of the world's most dangerous countries. A review of the relevant literature will reveal that the study of a social phenomenon such as violence, in a nation such as Venezuela, is a complicated task because there are a number of different, but in many cases interlinked, variables that contribute to the formation of this social phenomenon. Therefore, the conceptual framework will consist of a multi-variable analysis so that this study may go about to formulate an appropriate explanation based on the complex causes and effects that surround this issue. However, special attention will be given to the nation's developmental history, which has given way to a severe socio-political crisis. Although special attention will be given to this important variable, no hierarchy of variables will be established, as the convoluted nature of social events makes it very difficult to formulate one. Other factors that will also be analyzed as they contribute to the rise of social violence are: the nation's vast hydrocarbon wealth (which is always an outstanding variable because of its economic importance), economic reform and liberalization, and the urbanization process. Although there have been several studies on oil-rich nations (including Venezuela), their economic dynamics, the Latin American urbanization process, and the Venezuelan political crisis, there is an absence of studies that include these intervening factors in a comprehensive manner. This study hopes to fill this gap.

Violence and Politics

Kenton Worcester,Sally Avery Bermanzohn,Mark Ungar
Violence and Politics Book PDF

Author : Kenton Worcester,Sally Avery Bermanzohn,Mark Ungar
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781136701252

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Violence and Politics by Kenton Worcester,Sally Avery Bermanzohn,Mark Ungar Pdf

First Published in 2002. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Violence and Politics

Kent Worcester,Sally A. Bermanzohn,Mark Ungar
Violence and Politics Book PDF

Author : Kent Worcester,Sally A. Bermanzohn,Mark Ungar
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0415931118

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Violence and Politics by Kent Worcester,Sally A. Bermanzohn,Mark Ungar Pdf

These essays cover a number of timely issues including pro-life terrorism, hate crimes, Islam's connection (or stereotyped connection) to violence, rape as a war crime and violence against those protesting for civil rights for women.

Fragile States in the Americas

Jonathan D. Rosen,Hanna Samir Kassab
Fragile States in the Americas Book PDF

Author : Jonathan D. Rosen,Hanna Samir Kassab
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781498543576

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Fragile States in the Americas by Jonathan D. Rosen,Hanna Samir Kassab Pdf

The Americas face many security challenges, including drug trafficking, organized crime, guerrilla movements, terrorism, and environmental challenges. Experts have long debated whether some countries in the region can be classified as failed states. While various states in the Americas have been labeled as failed states, calling a country a failed state is quite controversial and requires a precise definition of what constitutes a failed state. This book instead discusses fragile states in the Americas. Fragile states are weak states that are fertile grounds for organized crime groups and illegal actors as such groups are able to infiltrate the state apparatus through corruption. The goal of this book is to examine fragile states in the region and the major security challenges that these states face. The cause of state fragility is different for various states. Theoretically, the work will conceptualize the meaning of fragility as it relates to state survival and autonomy. Empirically, the book focuses on contemporary threats to the survival of fragile states in the Americas. The book explains and analyzes the main political, security, and economic challenges of these states. It employs a wide array of cases that delve into the security and economic threats and priorities of states in the Americas.

The Paradox of Democracy in Latin America

Katherine Isbester
The Paradox of Democracy in Latin America Book PDF

Author : Katherine Isbester
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781442601963

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The Paradox of Democracy in Latin America by Katherine Isbester Pdf

What becomes clear throughout is that there is a paradox at the heart of Latin America's democracies. Despite decades of struggle to replace authoritarian dictatorships with electoral democracies, solid economic growth (leading up to the global credit crisis), and increased efforts by the state to extend the benefits of peace and prosperity to the poor, democracy - as a political system - is experiencing declining support, and support for authoritarianism is on the rise.

The Paradox of Democracy in Latin America

Katherine Isbester
The Paradox of Democracy in Latin America Book PDF

Author : Katherine Isbester
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781442601802

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The Paradox of Democracy in Latin America by Katherine Isbester Pdf

Inviting in tone and organization but rigorous in its scholarship, this collection focuses on the problems, successes, and multiple forms of democracy in Latin America.

Crude Nation

Raúl Gallegos
Crude Nation Book PDF

Author : Raúl Gallegos
Publisher : Potomac Books
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2019-09-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781640122130

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Crude Nation by Raúl Gallegos Pdf

Beneath Venezuelan soil lies an ocean of crude—the world’s largest reserves—an oil patch that shaped the nature of the global energy business. Unfortunately, a dysfunctional anti-American, leftist government controls this vast resource and has used its wealth to foster voter support, ultimately wreaking economic havoc. Crude Nation reveals the ways in which this mismanagement has led to Venezuela’s economic ruin and turned the country into a cautionary tale for the world. Raúl Gallegos, a former Caracas-based oil correspondent, paints a picture both vivid and analytical of the country’s economic decline, the government’s foolhardy economic policies, and the wrecked lives of Venezuelans. Without transparency, the Venezuelan government uses oil money to subsidize life for its citizens in myriad unsustainable ways, while regulating nearly every aspect of day-to-day existence in Venezuela. This has created a paradox in which citizens can fill up the tanks of their SUVs for less than one American dollar while simultaneously enduring nationwide shortages of staples such as milk, sugar, and toilet paper. Gallegos’s insightful analysis shows how mismanagement has ruined Venezuela again and again over the past century and lays out how Venezuelans can begin to fix their country, a nation that can play an important role in the global energy industry. This paperback edition features a new introduction by the author.

Venezuela's Polarized Politics

Ana L. Mallén,María-Pilar García Guadilla
Venezuela s Polarized Politics Book PDF

Author : Ana L. Mallén,María-Pilar García Guadilla
Publisher : Lynne Rienner Publishers
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Direct democracy
ISBN : 1626375895

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Venezuela's Polarized Politics by Ana L. Mallén,María-Pilar García Guadilla Pdf

¿Brilliant.... One of the most important books on Venezuela that have come out in recent years.¿ --Daniel Hellinger, Webster University ¿Delivers one of the most penetrating, illuminating, and convincing explanations for the extreme sociopolitical polarization in Venezuela¿s Bolivarian republic.¿ --Eduardo Silva, Tulane University During Hugo Chávez¿s presidency, Venezuelan society underwent a sudden¿and vicious¿split between the Chavistas and the Opposition. What accounts for the extreme intensity of the split? How did differences so quickly become irreconcilable? What role did the media play? Answering these and related questions, Ana Mallén and María Pilar García-Guadilla explore how participatory democracy led to profound social polarization in Venezuela. Ana L. Mallén has researched Venezuelan politics for fifteen years. She has worked with communities in Mexico, the United States, and Venezuela. María Pilar García-Guadilla is professor of political and urban sociology at the Universidad Simón Bolívar in Venezuela.

Deadline

Robert Samet
Deadline Book PDF

Author : Robert Samet
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780226633879

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Deadline by Robert Samet Pdf

Since 2006, Venezuela has had the highest homicide rate in South America and one of the highest levels of gun violence in the world. Former president Hugo Chávez, who died in 2013, downplayed the extent of violent crime and instead emphasized rehabilitation. His successor, President Nicolás Maduro, took the opposite approach, declaring an all-out war on crime (mano dura). What accounts for this drastic shift toward more punitive measures? In Deadline, anthropologist Robert Samet answers this question by focusing on the relationship between populism, the press, and what he calls “the will to security.” Drawing on nearly a decade of ethnographic research alongside journalists on the Caracas crime beat, he shows how the media shaped the politics of security from the ground up. Paradoxically, Venezuela’s punitive turn was not the product of dictatorship, but rather an outgrowth of practices and institutions normally associated with democracy. Samet reckons with this apparent contradiction by exploring the circulation of extralegal denuncias (accusations) by crime journalists, editors, sources, and audiences. Denuncias are a form of public shaming or exposé that channels popular anger against the powers that be. By showing how denuncias mobilize dissent, Deadline weaves a much larger tale about the relationship between the press, popular outrage, and the politics of security in the twenty-first century.

Armed Actors

Kees Koonings,Dirk Kruijt
Armed Actors Book PDF

Author : Kees Koonings,Dirk Kruijt
Publisher : Zed Books
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2004-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 184277445X

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Armed Actors by Kees Koonings,Dirk Kruijt Pdf

This volume deals with the threat to democracy and the rule of law posed by organised violence in Latin America.

Representing the Barrios

Rebecca Jarman
Representing the Barrios Book PDF

Author : Rebecca Jarman
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2023-05-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780822989714

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Representing the Barrios by Rebecca Jarman Pdf

Against a backdrop of rapid urbanization and the growth of a global economy powered by carbon, Rebecca Jarman argues that in Venezuela, urban poverty has become one of the most important resources in national culture and statecraft. Attracting the attentions of writers, artists, filmmakers, and musicians from within and beyond the limits of Caracas, the barrios are fetishized in the cultural domain as sites of rampant sex, crime, revolution, disease, and violence. The appeal of the urban poor in entertainment is replicated in the policies of autocratic leaders who, operating within an extractivist matrix that prizes the acquisition of land and capital, have sought to expand their reach into these densely populated territories. Sometimes yielding to commodification, the barrios also have resisted exploitation by exceeding the terms of their representation in hegemonic culture and politics. Whether troubling the narratives that profit from poverty or undermining class-based stereotypes with experimental aesthetics, the barrio as a shifting set of coordinates consistently evades appropriations of disenfranchisement. Mapping the recurrent tensions, anxieties, conflicts, aspirations, and blind spots that characterize depictions of the barrios, Rebecca Jarman elaborates a dynamic cultural analysis of the history of poverty in the Venezuelan capital.

The Routledge History of Modern Latin American Migration

Andreas E. Feldmann,Xochitl Bada,Jorge Durand,Stephanie Schütze
The Routledge History of Modern Latin American Migration Book PDF

Author : Andreas E. Feldmann,Xochitl Bada,Jorge Durand,Stephanie Schütze
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 631 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2022-10-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000688115

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The Routledge History of Modern Latin American Migration by Andreas E. Feldmann,Xochitl Bada,Jorge Durand,Stephanie Schütze Pdf

The Routledge History of Modern Latin American Migration offers a systematic account of population movements to and from the region over the last 150 years, spanning from the massive transoceanic migration of the 1870s to contemporary intraregional and transnational movements. The volume introduces the migratory trajectories of Latin American populations as a complex web of transnational movements linking origin, transit, and receiving countries. It showcases the historical mobility dynamics of different national groups including Arab, Asian, African, European, and indigenous migration and their divergent international trajectories within existing migration systems in the Western Hemisphere, including South America, the Caribbean, and Mesoamerica. The contributors explore some of the main causes for migration, including wars, economic dislocation, social immobility, environmental degradation, repression, and violence. Multiple case studies address critical contemporary topics such as the Venezuelan exodus, Central American migrant caravans, environmental migration, indigenous and gender migration, migrant religiosity, transit and return migration, urban labor markets, internal displacement, the nexus between organized crime and forced migration, the role of social media and new communication technologies, and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on movement. These essays provide a comprehensive map of the historical evolution of migration in Latin America and contribute to define future challenges in migration studies in the region. This book will be of interest to scholars of Latin American and Migration Studies in the disciplines of history, sociology, political science, anthropology, and geography.

Comandante

Rory Carroll
Comandante Book PDF

Author : Rory Carroll
Publisher : Penguin Books
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2014-02-25
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780143124887

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Comandante by Rory Carroll Pdf

Describes the leadership of Venezuela's elected president, Hugo Chávez, and his efforts to transform his country and paints a picture of his life based on interviews with ministers, aides, courtiers, and everyday citizens.