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Author : Esther Casier Quinn
Publisher : Romance Monographs
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Literature, Medieval
ISBN : UCAL:B3386387
Author : Michael E. Stone
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Christian literature, Early
ISBN : UVA:X002428617
Author : Scriptural Research Institute
Publisher : Scriptural Research Institute
Page : 71 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2019-10-15
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781989604182
The Penitence of Adam, also called the Penitence of our forefather Adam, is the Armenian version of the Life of Adam and Eve. The original version is believed to have been written in a Semitic language, as there as terms transliterated into Armenian from a Semitic language, however, it is not known positively which language as the original text is lost, and so far, no fragments have been found among the Dead Sea Scrolls that can be firmly linked to it. The closest text discovered to date among the Dead Sea Scrolls would be the Genesis Apocryphon scroll, written in Aramaic and generally dated to between 37 BC to 50 AD. The original language that the Penitence of Adam was translated from was likely also Aramaic, as demonstrated by the transliteration of the name Ovel (Ովէլ) in places were Uriel (Ուրիել) would normally be. A number of references circumstantially date the source-text used for the Greek version, known as the Apocalypse of Moses, to the era when the Greeks ruled Judea, between 330 and 140 BC, however, the source-text for the Latin and Armenian translation appears to have been older. One of the indicators that the source-texts for the Latin and Armenian translations are older than Greek, is the discrepancy between the 72 'strokes' and 70 'wounds' or 'griefs' that God sent to punish Adam. In the Apocalypse of Moses, there are 72, while in the Life of Adam and Eve and Penitence of Adam, there are 70, and these numbers are significant. The number 70 was very significant in the Canaanite and later Israelite (early-Samaritan) religions, however, it was changed to 72 in the Jewish religion for numerological reasons during the late-Persian and early-Greek eras. The number 70 does appear to have continued to be important among the Samaritans until the Hasmoneans virtually wiped them out in 113 BC, after which only the number 72 was used by Jews and Samaritans. This provisionally dates the text to the Persian era, between 525 and 330 BC, however, it could also be a Samaritan text dating to as late as 113 BC. Both the Latin Life of Adam and Eve, and the Armenian Penitence of Adam, also include the curious reference to 'powers' (virtutes / զաւրութիւնք) being present with the angels. This is generally accepted as proof that either the Latin or Armenian translation was influenced by the other, however, the other option is that something that both the Latin and Armenian translators chose to translate as 'powers' was already in the Semitic source-texts they were using. The obvious Hebrew term for them to have been translating was Elohim, which Jews have traditionally translated the term as 'powers' as it is a plural form, and Jews only worship one God. The Greek scholars that translated the Septuagint at the Library of Alexandria translated the word Elohim as either God or gods, depending on the context, however, there is no reason for the Latin or Armenian scholars to have been dependent on Greek translation norms when translating directly from Hebrew or Aramaic into Latin or Armenian. If the powers in the Latin and Armenian translations were the Elohim in the Semitic source-texts, then this would place the origin of the text to the Persian era at the latest, and almost certainly to the early-Persian era (525 to 330 BC), before Ezra the Scribe reformed Judaism, as there were two Elohim present, and therefore, these Elohim would have to date to the Samaritan priesthood from before the time of Ezra.
Author : Solomon Caesar Malan
Publisher : Franklin Classics Trade Press
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2018-11-04
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0344732991
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author : Scriptural Research Institute
Publisher : Scriptural Research Institute
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-10
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781989604151
The Apocalypse of Moses is the Greek version of the Life of Adam and Eve. The original version is believed to have been written in a Semitic language, as there as terms transliterated into Greek from a Semitic language, however, it is not known positively which language, as the original text is lost, and so far, no fragments have been found among the Dead Sea Scrolls that can be firmly linked to it. The closest text discovered to date among the Dead Sea Scrolls would be the Genesis Apocryphon scroll, written in Aramaic and generally dated to between 37 BC to 50 AD. The original language of the Apocalypse of Moses was likely also Aramaic, as demonstrated by the use of the name Iah (Jah), which is found more commonly in Aramaic language books, like Tobit. A number of references circumstantially date the original work to the era when the Greeks ruled Judea, between 330 and 140 BC. The reference to Iah is itself evidence of a pre-Hasmonean origin, as the Hasmoneans’ authorized’ version of the Hebrew texts appear to have redacted Iah (יה) to Yahweh (יהוה) when they converted the Jews from the Canaanite (Samaritan/Paleo-Hebrew) script to the Assyrian (Hebrew) script. The name Iah (Jah) does show up in many ancient names, such as Josiah, and phrases such as Hallelujah, implying it was once widely accepted as the name of (a) God, however, virtually disappeared from the Hebrew scriptures at some point, likely during the Hasmonean redaction and standardization circa 140 BC. The reference to Lord Sabaoth (κυρίῳ σαβαωθ) is another indicator of a pre-Hasmonean origin for the text. Lord Sabaoth was the Major-General of the Lord God’s army that helped Joshua destroy the walls of Jericho in the Septuagint’s Book of Joshua. There are many references to Lord Sabaoth, the ‘Lord of War’ in the Greek era, however, during the early Hasmonean era, he became an epitaph of Iaw (Yahweh) the national God of Hasmonean Judea: Iaw Sabaoth (יהוה צבאות). The Hasmoneans redacted Lord Sabaoth from the Book of Joshua, replacing him with Yahweh (יהוה), meaning that Yahweh was the Major-General of his own army in the Masoretic version of Joshua. According to later-Hasmonean records, Yahweh Sabaoth became the Jewish version of Dionysus or Bacchus, a god of war, wine, and lust, before he was abandoned during the formation of the Pharisee sect, who rejected the pronunciation of any of the names of God.
Author : Gary Alan Anderson,Michael Edward Stone,Johannes Tromp
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2000-01-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9004116001
This volume is a collection of articles by some of the foremost scholars in the field, dealing with the rich variety of Adam and Eve-traditions, from "The Life of Adam and Eve" onwards to late medieval writings in Armenian.
Author : Esther Casier Quinn
Publisher : Romance Monographs
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Religion
ISBN : UOM:39015004756535
Author : Montague Rhodes James
Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
Page : 125 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2007-03-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781556352898
Collected and Translated by Montague Rhodes James. There are many ancient, lost books relating to the Bible and this work covers the ones that are most hard to find, dating between 100 BCE and 100 CE. In many cases we do not have the full works, but have various sections and fragments. The author, Montague James, used quotations found mostly in the works of the Greek Ante-Nicene Fathers like Origen, Hippolytus and Clement of Alexandria to piece together what we are missing. He also uses important lists compiled from Greek, Latin and other languages in order to reveal what we know of other missing books that would, in some cases, otherwise be unheard of. This important piece of scholarship should be part of anyone's library who is seriously researching lost and ancient texts.
Author : Scriptural Research Institute
Publisher : Scriptural Research Institute
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-19
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781989604229
The original version of the Life of Adam and Eve is believed to have been written in a Semitic language, as there as terms transliterated into the surviving Greek, Latin, Armenian, Slavonic, and Georgian versions from a Semitic language, however, it is not known positively which language as the original text is lost, and so far, no fragments have been found among the Dead Sea Scrolls that have been firmly linked to it. The closest text discovered to date among the Dead Sea Scrolls would be the Genesis Apocryphon scroll, written in Aramaic and generally dated to between 37 BC to 50 AD. The original language was probably also Aramaic, as demonstrated by the use of the name Iah in the Apocalypse of Moses, which is found more commonly in Aramaic language books, like Tobit, as well as the transliteration of Belial (ბელადი) in the Book of Adam, which was generally found in Aramaic books. The unusual transliterations of the name of the Devil as Khatanay (Խատանայ), and the name of the archangel Ovel (Ովէլ) in the Penitence of Adam also support a Semitic language other than Hebrew, as the direct transliterations would have been Satana (Սատանա) and Uriyel (Ուրիել). The Greek Apocalypse of Moses is arguably the most influential of these texts, as it is likely the text that the apostle Paul referred to in 2nd Corinthians. A number of references circumstantially date the original work to the era when the Greeks ruled Judea, between 330 and 140 BC. The reference to Iah is itself evidence of a pre-Hasmonean origin, as the Hasmoneans' authorized' version of the Hebrew texts appear to have redacted Iah (יה) to Yahweh (יהוה) when they converted the Jews from the Canaanite (Samaritan/Paleo-Hebrew) script to the Assyrian (Hebrew) script. The name Iah (Jah) does show up in many ancient names, such as Josiah, and phrases such as Hallelujah, implying it was once widely accepted as the name of (a) God, however, virtually disappeared from the Hebrew scriptures at some point, likely during the Hasmonean redaction and standardization circa 140 BC. The longest surviving copy of the Life of Adam and Eve, is its namesake, the Latin Life of Adam and Eve (Vita Adea et Evae). This version was preserved by the Catholic Church, and copies were available to scholars in Western Europe earlier than the East European manuscripts, which is why the entire collection of literature is named after it. The Latin Life of Adam and Eve is very similar to the Armenian Penitinece of Adam, as well as the Georgian Book of Adam, which forms a specific sub-group of the Life of Adam and Eve literature, the Latin-Armenian tradition. The Georgian Book of Adam is very similar to the Armenian Penitence of Adam, and widely believed to have been translated from it, however, neither the Armenian nor Latin versions could have been copied from each other, implying a common Semitic source-text, separate from the Semitic source-text used for the Apocalypse of Moses. While the source-text for the Greek Apocalypse of Moses appears to date to the era when the Greeks ruled Judea, between 330 and 140 BC, the source-text for the Latin-Armenian tradition appears to have been older. One of the indicators for this is the discrepancy between the 72 'strokes' and 70 'wounds/griefs/evils' that God sent to punish Adam. In the Apocalypse of Moses, there are 72, while in the Latin, Armenian, and Georgian versions of the text all have 70, and these numbers are significant.
Author : Scriptural Research Institute
Publisher : Scriptural Research Institute
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-15
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781989604199
The Book of Adam is the Georgian version of the Life of Adam and Eve. The original version is believed to have been written in a Semitic language, as there as terms transliterated into all the versions from a Semitic language, however, it is not known positively which language as the original text is lost, and so far, no fragments have been found among the Dead Sea Scrolls that can be firmly linked to it. The closest text discovered to date among the Dead Sea Scrolls would be the Genesis Apocryphon scroll, written in Aramaic and generally dated to between 37 BC to 50 AD. The original language that the Book of Adam was translated from was likely also Aramaic, as demonstrated by the transliteration of the name Beladi (ბელადი) in places were Belial would likely have been in Aramaic texts. Likewise. the Armenian Penitence of Adam appears to have been translated from Aramaic as it has the name Ovel (Ովէլ) in places were Uriel (Ուրիել) would normally be. The Book of Adam closely follows the Armenian and Latin versions of the text, so much so, that it is not clear how much was translated from Aramaic, and how much was translated from Armenian or Latin. Given the distance between Western Europe and Georgia, versus the proximity of Armenia, the Armenian Penitence of Adam is a more likely source than the Latin Life of Adam, however, the presence of a transliteration of Belial is a strong indicator of an Aramaic source in addition to the assumed Armenian primary source. The Book of Adam translates the term found in the Latin and Armenian texts as ‘powers’ (virtutes / զաւրութիւնք), as dzala (ძალა), which translates as forces, powers, strengths, or might. This means the Georgian translator either agreed with the Armenian and Latin translators or was simply using one of their texts as a source. The obvious Hebrew or Aramaic term for them to have been translating was Elohim, which Jews have traditionally translated the term as ‘powers’ as it is a plural form, and Jews only worship one God. The Greek scholars that translated the Septuagint at the Library of Alexandria translated the word Elohim as either God or gods, depending on the context, however, there is no reason for the Latin, Armenian, or Georgian scholars to have been dependent on Greek translation norms when translating directly from Hebrew or Aramaic into Latin, Armenian, or Georgian. If the powers in the Latin, Armenian, and Georgian translations were the Elohim in the Semitic source-texts, then this would place the origin of the text to the Persian era at the latest, and almost certainly to the early-Persian era (525 to 330 BC), before Ezra the Scribe reformed Judaism, as there were two Elohim present, and therefore, these Elohim would have to date to the Samaritan priesthood from before the time of Ezra.
Author : Don Willis
Publisher : WestBow Press
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9781449791957
Arguably the most influential figure in human history was Jesus Christ. Wars were fought in his name. In his name many nations rose, and many nations fell. Many prominent leaders gained power from him, and many others were persecuted and killed for their belief in him. It has been said that over 6 billion Bibles have been printed in almost every language, and countless other millions of stories, books, and films have told the story of his life. Yet, he died with two men by his side, and history knows almost nothing about them. Until now. Young Dismas and his brother Jotham are blissfully unaware of the lifelong journey that awaits them soon after their encounter with the young girl, Mary, her husband, Joseph, and their baby, Jesus. Their lives will soon take a very cruel turn that leads through hurt, hardship, betrayal, and murder. Along the way, they make unlikely alliances with Tiran and Gestas, two known criminals with a penchant for theft and murder. It is a path that will ultimately lead them all to intersect with their brutal destinies. Throughout their journey, their lives will intersect with some of the most famous figures of the Bible, and they will learn about love, faith, and the most powerful weapon against sin... forgiveness.
Author : Brian Murdoch
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2009-04-02
Category : Bibles
ISBN : 9780199564149
The apocryphal Life of Adam and Eve explores what happened to Adam and Eve after their expulsion from Paradise. Professor Murdoch considers the varied development of the apocryphal material, and presents a fascinating analysis of the flourishing medieval tradition of Adam and Eve, celebrated in European prose, verse, and drama.
Author : Scriptural Research Institute
Publisher : Scriptural Research Institute
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2019-10-15
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781989604205
The Life of Adam and Eve is the Latin version of a work believed to have been written in a Semitic language, as there are terms transliterated into the Greek, Latin, and Armenian versions from a Semitic language, however, it is not known positively which language as the original text is lost, and so far, no fragments have been found among the Dead Sea Scrolls that firmly be linked to it. The closest text discovered to date among the Dead Sea Scrolls would be the Genesis Apocryphon scroll, written in Aramaic and generally dated to between 37 BC to 50 AD. A number of references circumstantially date the source-text used for the Greek version, known as the Apocalypse of Moses, to the era when the Greeks ruled Judea, between 330 and 140 BC, however, the source-text for the Latin translation appears to have been older. One of the indicators that the Latin Life of Adam and Eve is older than the Apocalypse of Moses, is the dependency between the 72 'strokes' and 70 'wounds' that God sent to punish Adam. In the Apocalypse of Moses, there are 72, while in the Life of Adam and Eve, there are 70, and these numbers are significant. The number 70 was very significant in the Canaanite and later Israelite (early-Samaritan) religions, however, it was changed to 72 in the Jewish religion for numerological reasons during the late-Persian and early-Greek eras. The number 70 does appear to have continued to be important among the Samaritans until the Hasmoneans virtually wiped them out in 113 BC, after which only the number 72 was used by Jews and Samaritans. This provisionally dates the text to the Persian era, between 525 and 330 BC, however, it could also be a Samaritan text dating to as late as 113 BC. Both the Latin Life of Adam and Eve, and the Armenian Penitence of Adam, also include the curious reference to 'powers' (virtutes / զաւրութիւնք) being present with the angels. This is generally accepted as proof that either the Latin or Armenian translation was influenced by the other, however, the other option is that something that both the Latin and Armenian translators chose to translate as 'powers' was already in the Semitic source-texts they were using. The obvious Hebrew term for them to have been translating was Elohim, which Jews have traditionally translated the term as 'powers' as it is a plural form, and Jews only worship one God. The Greek scholars that translated the Septuagint at the Library of Alexandria translated the word Elohim as either God or gods, depending on the context, however, there is no reason for the Latin or Armenian scholars to have been dependent on Greek translation norms when translating directly from Hebrew or Aramaic into Latin or Armenian. If the powers in the Latin and Armenian translations were the Elohim in the Semitic source-texts, then this would place the origin of the text to the Persian era at the latest, and almost certainly to the early-Persian era (525 to 330 BC), before Ezra the Scribe reformed Judaism, as there were two Elohim present, and therefore, these Elohim would have to date to the Samaritan priesthood from before the time of Ezra.
Author : Alesana & Adam Fleetwood
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2008-11
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9780955987304
An ancient hate. A dormant gift. A seventeen year old boy, Adam is about to meet both of these. As his parents leave for a peaceful getaway, Juliet, a mysterious young woman appears on his doorstep begging for help. Soon the horror begins and Adam is caught up in twists, turns and realisations which will change his life, and indeed him, for ever.
Author : Michael Stone
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1991-03
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9789004675544
This work gathers the author's contributions to four central areas of the study of Ancient Jewish literature, "Enoch and the Testaments", "4 Ezra", "The Study of Ancient Judaism (particularly of apocalypticism)," and the development of apocryphal traditions in Armenian. It presents authoritative studies by a leading scholar in the field.