The Periodic Table And A Missed Nobel Prize

Author : Ulf Lagerkvist
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814295956

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The Periodic Table and a Missed Nobel Prize by Ulf Lagerkvist Pdf

The history of science offers many examples of how the powers that we have protected and rewarded scientists like alchemists who claimed the ability to make gold. With the advent of the Science Academies in the 17th and 18th centuries, scientists were supported and encouraged with stipends and rewards. However, when Alfred Nobel in his will made the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences the custodian of the Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry, the evaluation of the candidates for the prizes sometimes led to strong differences of opinion within the Academy. This book deals with such a case — Dmitri Mendeleev and his Periodic Law. Here, this book presents the deliberations of the Academy (and its sometimes rather confused Chemistry Nobel Committee) against the background of the scientific development preceding the discovery.

Author : Marco Fontani,Mariagrazia Costa,Mary Virginia Orna
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 577 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199383344

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The Lost Elements by Marco Fontani,Mariagrazia Costa,Mary Virginia Orna Pdf

In the mid-nineteenth century, chemists came to the conclusion that elements should be organized by their atomic weights. However, the atomic weights of various elements were calculated erroneously, and chemists also observed some anomalies in the properties of other elements. Over time, itbecame clear that the periodic table as currently comprised contained gaps, missing elements that had yet to be discovered. A rush to discover these missing pieces followed, and a seemingly endless amount of elemental discoveries were proclaimed and brought into laboratories. It wasn't until thediscovery of the atomic number in 1913 that chemists were able to begin making sense of what did and what did not belong on the periodic table, but even then, the discovery of radioactivity convoluted the definition of an element further. Throughout its formation, the periodic table has seen falseentries, good-faith errors, retractions, and dead ends; in fact, there have been more elemental "discoveries" that have proven false than there are current elements on the table.The Lost Elements: The Shadow Side of Discovery collects the most notable of these instances, stretching from the nineteenth century to the present. The book tells the story of how scientists have come to understand elements, by discussing the failed theories and false discoveries that shaped thepath of scientific progress. Chapters range from early chemists' stubborn refusal to disregard alchemy as legitimate practice, to the effects of the atomic number on discovery, to the switch in influence from chemists to physicists, as elements began to be artificially created in the twentiethcentury. Along the way, Fontani, Costa, and Orna introduce us to the key figures in the development of the periodic table as we know it. And we learn, in the end, that this development was shaped by errors and gaffs as much as by correct assumptions and scientific conclusions.

Author : Eric Scerri
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2019-10-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190914387

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The Periodic Table by Eric Scerri Pdf

The periodic table of elements is among the most recognizable image in science. It lies at the core of chemistry and embodies the most fundamental principles of science. In this new edition, Eric Scerri offers readers a complete and updated history and philosophy of the periodic table. Written in a lively style to appeal to experts and interested lay-persons alike, The Periodic Table: Its Story and Its Significance begins with an overview of the importance of the periodic table and the manner in which the term "element" has been interpreted by chemists and philosophers across time. The book traces the evolution and development of the periodic table from its early beginnings with the work of the precursors like De Chancourtois, Newlands and Meyer to Mendeleev's 1869 first published table and beyond. Several chapters are devoted to developments in 20th century physics, especially quantum mechanics and and the extent to which they explain the periodic table in a more fundamental way. Other chapters examine the formation of the elements, nuclear structure, the discovery of the last seven infra-uranium elements, and the synthesis of trans-uranium elements. Finally, the book considers the many different ways of representing the periodic system and the quest for an optimal arrangement.

Author : Erling Norrby
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789814522007

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Nobel Prizes and Nature's Surprises by Erling Norrby Pdf

Each year the Nobel Prizes in the natural sciences reveal amazing discoveries. Nominations are kept secret for 50 years after the awards have been made. Covering the awards from 1960 to 1962, this book reveals discoveries relating to the control of infectious diseases and the advent of organ transplant organs, as well as advances in molecular biology.

Author : Burton Feldman
Publisher : Arcade Publishing
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : History
ISBN : 1559705922

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The Nobel Prize by Burton Feldman Pdf

Discusses the Nobel Institution in detail, telling about the award and its beginnings, what it means to win a Nobel Prize, the fields in which it is presented, who judges and how the prize is awarded, and more.

Author : Fred Bortz
Publisher : The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Page : 82 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-15
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781477718162

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The Periodic Table of Elements and Dmitry Mendeleyev by Fred Bortz Pdf

Aligned to Literacy in Science and Technical Subjects, this volume helps students understand the central ideas of Mendeleyev's periodic law. Mendeleyev's major breakthrough was his arranging of the elements in sequence by atomic weight but recognizing that there were gaps where no elements had yet been discovered. This account of Medeleyev's struggling childhood in Tobolsk, Siberia, teaching in St. Petersburg, writing The Principles of Chemistry, and development of the table and how his idea was challenged by the scientific community will captivate readers and show them what it means to pursue a question significant enough to follow for a lifetime.

Author : Erling Norrby
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 423 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2019-09-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811205569

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Nobel Prizes: Cancer, Vision And The Genetic Code by Erling Norrby Pdf

The present book discusses the Nobel Prizes in physiology or medicine 1966-68. The 1966 prize recognized that viruses may be involved in cancer formation. Later studies revealed that these kinds of infectious agents could pick up and transmit cellular genes of importance for regulation of cellular growth. It was then possible to recognize that many genes of this kind could be involved in the formation of cancer. The disease was found to represent the dark side of evolution. As a consequence of this insight new means of treatment fortunately have been developed.The rear parts of the eyes are extensions of the central nervous system. They have a fascinating intrinsic complexity, the neurophysiology and biochemistry of which has been progressively analyzed. These revealing studies concern both our capacity to distinguish different colors and also our possibility to see in the dark. The Prize in 1967 identified seminal contributions in this wide field by Ragnar Granit, Haldan Hartline and George Wald.The 1968 Prize is distinct in its recognition of Robert Holley, Ghobind Khorana and Marshall Nirenberg, who in different ways had contributed to the cracking of the genetic code. Insights into the language used by Nature, since the dawn of cellular life some 4.6 billion years ago, have completely revolutionized modern life sciences. The capacity to read and also to write the books of life has defined new kinds of science, deepening our understanding of the magic of evolution and opened the possibilities for molecular medicine by understanding the genetic background to diseases, not least cancer.Related Link(s)

Author : Marelene Rayner-canham,Geoffrey Rayner-canham
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 602 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2019-12-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781786347701

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Pioneering British Women Chemists: Their Lives And Contributions by Marelene Rayner-canham,Geoffrey Rayner-canham Pdf

'The book neatly illuminates a forgotten history of female chemists — and this is not an overstatement. It contains a multitude of names, events and socio-economic interactions in the pursuit of women's education and professional emancipation that are guaranteed to contain stories that readers will not have heard before … It is easily a dip-in and dip-out type of read, allowing simple navigation to specific areas of Britain, disciplines and professions … Besides highlighting the women who fought against an inherently male-dominated system and celebrating their supporters, this book also examines the events and the history surrounding their lives and endeavours. It pays particular note to the nations of the British Isles and gives equal contribution to those lost in history as to those names we are all so familiar with. A fantastic resource that has been excellently researched, I am sure it will remain an ageless tribute and reference work.'Education in ChemistryHistorically, British chemistry has been perceived as a solely male endeavour. However, this perception is untrue: the allure of chemistry has attracted British women for centuries past. In this new book, the authors trace the story of women's fascination with chemistry back to the amateur women chemists of the late 1500s. From the 1880s, pioneering academic girls' schools provided the knowledge base and enthusiasm to enable their graduates to enter chemistry degree programs at university. The ensuing stream of women chemistry graduates made interesting and significant contributions to their fields, yet they have been absent from the historical record.In addition to the broad picture, the authors focus upon the life and contributions of some of the individual women chemists who were determined to survive and flourish in their chosen field. From secondary school to university to industry, some of the women chemists expressed their sentiments and enthusiasm in chemistry verse. Examples of their poetic efforts are sprinkled throughout to give a unifying theme from grade school to university and industrial employment. This book provides a well-researched glimpse into the forgotten world of British women in chemistry up to the 1930s and 1940s.

Author : Renilde Loeckx
Publisher : Leuven University Press
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789461663979

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Cold War Triangle by Renilde Loeckx Pdf

The extraordinary story of scientists in East and West combatting HIV A small group of scientists were doggedly working in the field of antiviral treatments when the AIDS epidemic struck. Faced with one of the grand challenges of modern biology of the twentieth century, scientists worked across the political divide of the Cold War to produce a new class of antivirals. Their molecules were developed by a Californian start-up together with teams of scientists at the Rega Institute of KU Leuven and the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry (IOCB) of the Academy of Sciences in Prague. These molecules became the cornerstone of the blockbuster drugs now used to combat and prevent HIV. Cold War Triangle gives an insight into the human face of science as it recounts the extraordinary story of scientists in East and West who overcame ideological barriers and worked together for the benefit of humanity.

Author : Jay A. Labinger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 77 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642401206

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Up from Generality by Jay A. Labinger Pdf

In this brief, renowned inorganic chemist Jay Labinger tracks the development of his field from a forgotten specialism to the establishment of an independent, intellectually viable discipline. Inorganic chemistry, with a negation in its very name, was long regarded as that which was left behind when organic and physical chemistry emerged as specialist fields in the 19th century. Only by the middle of the 20th century had it begun to gain its current stature of equality to that of the other main branches of chemistry. The author discusses the evidence for this transition, both quantitative and anecdotal and includes consideration of the roles of local and personal factors, with particular focus on Caltech as an illustrative example. This brief is of interest both to historians of science and inorganic chemists who would like to find out how their field began.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810234058

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Chemistry, 1901-1921 by Anonim Pdf

A collection of the Nobel Lectures delivered by the prizewinners in chemistry, together with their biographies, portraits and the presentation speeches.

Author : Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 534 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1891
Category : Argon
ISBN : STANFORD:36105025516993

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The Principles of Chemistry by Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev Pdf

Author : Carmen J. Giunta,Vera V. Mainz,Gregory S. Girolami
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 453 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-07-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030679101

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150 Years of the Periodic Table by Carmen J. Giunta,Vera V. Mainz,Gregory S. Girolami Pdf

This book provides an overview of the origins and evolution of the periodic system from its prehistory to the latest synthetic elements and possible future additions. The periodic system of the elements first emerged as a comprehensive classificatory and predictive tool for chemistry during the 1860s. Its subsequent embodiment in various versions has made it one of the most recognizable icons of science. Based primarily on a symposium titled “150 Years of the Periodic Table” and held at the August 2019 national meeting of the American Chemical Society, this book describes the origins of the periodic law, developments that led to its acceptance, chemical families that the system struggled to accommodate, extension of the periodic system to include synthetic elements, and various cultural aspects of the system that were celebrated during the International Year of the Periodic Table.

Author : Primo Levi
Publisher : Everyman's Library
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1996-10-01
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780679444633

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The Periodic Table by Primo Levi Pdf

The Periodic Table is largely a memoir of the years before and after Primo Levi’s transportation from his native Italy to Auschwitz as an anti-Facist partisan and a Jew. It recounts, in clear, precise, unfailingly beautiful prose, the story of the Piedmontese Jewish community from which Levi came, of his years as a student and young chemist at the inception of the Second World War, and of his investigations into the nature of the material world. As such, it provides crucial links and backgrounds, both personal and intellectual, in the tremendous project of remembrance that is Levi’s gift to posterity. But far from being a prologue to his experience of the Holocaust, Levi’s masterpiece represents his most impassioned response to the events that engulfed him. The Periodic Table celebrates the pleasures of love and friendship and the search for meaning, and stands as a monument to those things in us that are capable of resisting and enduring in the face of tyranny.

Author : Rebecca Mileham
Publisher : Cassell
Page : 848 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2018-09-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781788400435

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Cracking the Elements by Rebecca Mileham Pdf

From the earliest-known elements to those named in 2016, this book takes a comprehensive look at the development of the periodic table - and reveals untold stories, unsung pioneers and plenty of fascinating science along the way. In twelve illustrated chapters, the book makes sense of the patterns and groups within the periodic table, introducing each of the 118 known elements individually and exploring questions including: - Why did the history of fizzy water give early chemistry a sparkle? - How did hydrogen reveal the structure of the atom? - What was the Bunsen burner's role in discovering new elements? - Which of the alkaline earth metals accounts for a kilogramme of your weight? - Why is Marie Curie such a scientific star? - How do tungsten and vanadium explain the secret of super-sharp Syrian swords? - Who discovered the most elements in the periodic table? - What made nihonium, element 113, such a wonderful new year's gift for Japan? - Is glass a liquid or a solid? - How did nitrogen fulfill the alchemists' dream? - Would you have smeared antimony on your face if you'd lived in ancient Egypt? - Why might naked mole rats have clues for surviving a heart attack? - How did the Haya people of Tanzania make steel 1500 years ago? - What makes xenon a great anaesthetic - and why can't all patients use it? - Might there be a pattern in yet undiscovered elements beyond number 118?