The Philosophical Baby

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The Philosophical Baby

Alison Gopnik
The Philosophical Baby Book PDF

Author : Alison Gopnik
Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2009-08-04
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781429959445

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The Philosophical Baby by Alison Gopnik Pdf

For most of us, having a baby is the most profound, intense, and fascinating experience of our lives. Now scientists and philosophers are starting to appreciate babies, too. The last decade has witnessed a revolution in our understanding of infants and young children. Scientists used to believe that babies were irrational, and that their thinking and experience were limited. Recently, they have discovered that babies learn more, create more, care more, and experience more than we could ever have imagined. And there is good reason to believe that babies are actually smarter, more thoughtful, and even more conscious than adults. This new science holds answers to some of the deepest and oldest questions about what it means to be human. A new baby's captivated gaze at her mother's face lays the foundations for love and morality. A toddler's unstoppable explorations of his playpen hold the key to scientific discovery. A three-year-old's wild make-believe explains how we can imagine the future, write novels, and invent new technologies. Alison Gopnik - a leading psychologist and philosopher, as well as a mother - explains the groundbreaking new psychological, neuroscientific, and philosophical developments in our understanding of very young children, transforming our understanding of how babies see the world, and in turn promoting a deeper appreciation for the role of parents.

Moral Minds

Marc D. Hauser
Moral Minds Book PDF

Author : Marc D. Hauser
Publisher : Harper Collins
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2009-10-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780061864780

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Moral Minds by Marc D. Hauser Pdf

A Harvard scientist illuminates the biological basis for human morality in this groundbreaking book. With the diversity of moral attitudes found across cultures around the globe, it is easy to assume that moral perspectives are socially developed—a matter of nurture rather than nature. But in Moral Minds, Marc Hauser presents compelling evidence to the contrary, and offers a revolutionary new theory: that humans have evolved a universal moral instinct. Hauser argues that certain biologically innate moral principles propel us toward judgments of right and wrong independent of gender, education, and religion. Combining his cutting-edge research with the latest findings in cognitive psychology, linguistics, neuroscience, evolutionary biology, economics, and anthropology, Hauser explores the startling implications of his provocative theory vis-à-vis contemporary bioethics, religion, the law, and our everyday lives.

The Philosophical Child

Jana Mohr Lone
The Philosophical Child Book PDF

Author : Jana Mohr Lone
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2012-09-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781442217348

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The Philosophical Child by Jana Mohr Lone Pdf

What does it mean to be good? Why do people die? What is friendship? Children enter the world full of questions and wrestle with deep, thoughtful issues, even if they do not always wonder them aloud. Many parents have the desire to discuss philosophical ideas with their children, but are unsure how to do so. The Philosophical Child offers parents guidance on how to gently approach philosophical questions with children of all ages. Jana Mohr Lone argues that for children to mature emotionally, they must develop their desire and ability to think abstractly about themselves and their experiences. This book suggests easy ways that parents can engage with their children's philosophical questions and help them develop their "philosophical selves."

The Gardener and the Carpenter

Alison Gopnik
The Gardener and the Carpenter Book PDF

Author : Alison Gopnik
Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2016-08-09
Category : Family & Relationships
ISBN : 9781429944335

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The Gardener and the Carpenter by Alison Gopnik Pdf

One of the world's leading child psychologists shatters the myth of "good parenting" Caring deeply about our children is part of what makes us human. Yet the thing we call "parenting" is a surprisingly new invention. In the past thirty years, the concept of parenting and the multibillion dollar industry surrounding it have transformed child care into obsessive, controlling, and goal-oriented labor intended to create a particular kind of child and therefore a particular kind of adult. In The Gardener and the Carpenter, the pioneering developmental psychologist and philosopher Alison Gopnik argues that the familiar twenty-first-century picture of parents and children is profoundly wrong--it's not just based on bad science, it's bad for kids and parents, too. Drawing on the study of human evolution and her own cutting-edge scientific research into how children learn, Gopnik shows that although caring for children is profoundly important, it is not a matter of shaping them to turn out a particular way. Children are designed to be messy and unpredictable, playful and imaginative, and to be very different both from their parents and from each other. The variability and flexibility of childhood lets them innovate, create, and survive in an unpredictable world. “Parenting" won't make children learn—but caring parents let children learn by creating a secure, loving environment.

Philosophy and the Young Child

Gareth B. Matthews
Philosophy and the Young Child Book PDF

Author : Gareth B. Matthews
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0674666062

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Philosophy and the Young Child by Gareth B. Matthews Pdf

Anecdotes and the insights gained through study combine to probe the philosophical thought of children and the ways children blend reasoning and curiosity to deal with problems concerning knowledge, value, and existence.

The Scientist in the Crib

Alison Gopnik,Andrew N. Meltzoff,Patricia K. Kuhl
The Scientist in the Crib Book PDF

Author : Alison Gopnik,Andrew N. Meltzoff,Patricia K. Kuhl
Publisher : Harper Collins
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2009-10-13
Category : Family & Relationships
ISBN : 9780061846915

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The Scientist in the Crib by Alison Gopnik,Andrew N. Meltzoff,Patricia K. Kuhl Pdf

This exciting book by three pioneers in the new field of cognitive science discusses important discoveries about how much babies and young children know and learn, and how much parents naturally teach them.It argues that evolution designed us both to teach and learn, and that the drive to learn is our most important instinct. It also reveals as fascinating insights about our adult capacities and how even young children -- as well as adults -- use some of the same methods that allow scientists to learn so much about the world. Filled with surprise at every turn, this vivid, lucid, and often funny book gives us a new view of the inner life of children and the mysteries of the mind.

Just Babies

Paul Bloom
Just Babies Book PDF

Author : Paul Bloom
Publisher : Crown
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-12
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780307886866

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Just Babies by Paul Bloom Pdf

A leading cognitive scientist argues that a deep sense of good and evil is bred in the bone. From John Locke to Sigmund Freud, philosophers and psychologists have long believed that we begin life as blank moral slates. Many of us take for granted that babies are born selfish and that it is the role of society—and especially parents—to transform them from little sociopaths into civilized beings. In Just Babies, Paul Bloom argues that humans are in fact hardwired with a sense of morality. Drawing on groundbreaking research at Yale, Bloom demonstrates that, even before they can speak or walk, babies judge the goodness and badness of others’ actions; feel empathy and compassion; act to soothe those in distress; and have a rudimentary sense of justice. Still, this innate morality is limited, sometimes tragically. We are naturally hostile to strangers, prone to parochialism and bigotry. Bringing together insights from psychology, behavioral economics, evolutionary biology, and philosophy, Bloom explores how we have come to surpass these limitations. Along the way, he examines the morality of chimpanzees, violent psychopaths, religious extremists, and Ivy League professors, and explores our often puzzling moral feelings about sex, politics, religion, and race. In his analysis of the morality of children and adults, Bloom rejects the fashionable view that our moral decisions are driven mainly by gut feelings and unconscious biases. Just as reason has driven our great scientific discoveries, he argues, it is reason and deliberation that makes possible our moral discoveries, such as the wrongness of slavery. Ultimately, it is through our imagination, our compassion, and our uniquely human capacity for rational thought that we can transcend the primitive sense of morality we were born with, becoming more than just babies. Paul Bloom has a gift for bringing abstract ideas to life, moving seamlessly from Darwin, Herodotus, and Adam Smith to The Princess Bride, Hannibal Lecter, and Louis C.K. Vivid, witty, and intellectually probing, Just Babies offers a radical new perspective on our moral lives.

Words, Thoughts, and Theories

Alison Gopnik,Andrew N. Meltzoff
Words Thoughts and Theories Book PDF

Author : Alison Gopnik,Andrew N. Meltzoff
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1998-09-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780262571265

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Words, Thoughts, and Theories by Alison Gopnik,Andrew N. Meltzoff Pdf

Words, Thoughts, and Theories articulates and defends the "theory theory" of cognitive and semantic development, the idea that infants and young children, like scientists, learn about the world by forming and revising theories, a view of the origins of knowledge and meaning that has broad implications for cognitive science. Gopnik and Meltzoff interweave philosophical arguments and empirical data from their own and other's research. Both the philosophy and the psychology, the arguments and the data, address the same fundamental epistemological question: How do we come to understand the world around us? Recently, the theory theory has led to much interesting research. However, this is the first book to look at the theory in extensive detail and to systematically contrast it with other theories. It is also the first to apply the theory to infancy and early childhood, to use the theory to provide a framework for understanding semantic development, and to demonstrate that language acquisition influences theory change in children.The authors show that children just beginning to talk are engaged in profound restructurings of several domains of knowledge. These restructurings are similar to theory changes in science, and they influence children's early semantic development, since children's cognitive concerns shape and motivate their use of very early words. But, in addition, children pay attention to the language they hear around them and this too reshapes their cognition, and causes them to reorganize their theories.

How Babies Think

Alison Gopnik,Andrew N. Meltzoff,Patricia Katherine Kuhl
How Babies Think Book PDF

Author : Alison Gopnik,Andrew N. Meltzoff,Patricia Katherine Kuhl
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Cognition in infants
ISBN : 075381417X

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How Babies Think by Alison Gopnik,Andrew N. Meltzoff,Patricia Katherine Kuhl Pdf

Learning begins in the first days of life. Scientists are now discovering how young children develop emotionally and intellectually, and are beginning to realize that from birth babies already know a staggering amount about the world around them. In the first book of its kind for a popular audience, three leading US scientists draw on twenty-five years of research in philosophy, psychology, computer science, linguistics and neuroscience to reveal what babies know and how they learn it.

Supernormal

Meg Jay
Supernormal Book PDF

Author : Meg Jay
Publisher : Twelve
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-11-14
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781455559145

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Supernormal by Meg Jay Pdf

Clinical psychologist and author of The Defining Decade, Meg Jay takes us into the world of the supernormal: those who soar to unexpected heights after childhood adversity. Whether it is the loss of a parent to death or divorce; bullying; alcoholism or drug abuse in the home; mental illness in a parent or a sibling; neglect; emotional, physical or sexual abuse; having a parent in jail; or growing up alongside domestic violence, nearly 75% of us experience adversity by the age of 20. But these experiences are often kept secret, as are our courageous battles to overcome them. Drawing on nearly two decades of work with clients and students, Jay tells the tale of ordinary people made extraordinary by these all-too-common experiences, everyday superheroes who have made a life out of dodging bullets and leaping over obstacles, even as they hide in plain sight as doctors, artists, entrepreneurs, lawyers, parents, activists, teachers, students and readers. She gives a voice to the supernormals among us as they reveal not only "How do they do it?" but also "How does it feel?" These powerful stories, and those of public figures from Andre Agassi to Jay Z, will show supernormals they are not alone but are, in fact, in good company. Marvelously researched and compassionately written, this exceptional book narrates the continuing saga that is resilience as it challenges us to consider whether -- and how -- the good wins out in the end.

The Philosophy of Childhood

Gareth Matthews
The Philosophy of Childhood Book PDF

Author : Gareth Matthews
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0674664809

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The Philosophy of Childhood by Gareth Matthews Pdf

Adult preconceptions about the mental life of children tend to discourage a child’s philosophical bent. By exposing the underpinnings of adult views of childhood, Matthews clears the way for recognizing the philosophy of childhood as a legitimate field of inquiry and conducts us through influential models for understanding what it is to be a child.

Ask a Philosopher

Ian Olasov
Ask a Philosopher Book PDF

Author : Ian Olasov
Publisher : Thomas Dunne Books
Page : 167 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781250756183

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Ask a Philosopher by Ian Olasov Pdf

A collection of answers to the philosophical questions on people's minds—from the big to the personal to the ones you didn't know you needed answered. Based on real-life questions from his Ask a Philosopher series, Ian Olasov offers his answers to questions such as: - Are people innately good or bad? - Is it okay to have a pet fish? - Is it okay to have kids? - Is color subjective? - If humans colonize Mars, who will own the land? - Is ketchup a smoothie? - Is there life after death? - Should I give money to homeless people? Ask a Philosopher shows that there's a way of making philosophy work for each of us, and that philosophy can be both perfectly continuous with everyday life, and also utterly transporting. From questions that we all wrestle with in private to questions that you never thought to ask, Ask a Philosopher will get you thinking.

The Making of a Confederate

William L. Barney
The Making of a Confederate Book PDF

Author : William L. Barney
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2007-11-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199886180

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The Making of a Confederate by William L. Barney Pdf

Despite the advances of the civil rights movement, many white southerners cling to the faded glory of a romanticized Confederate past. In The Making of a Confederate, William L. Barney focuses on the life of one man, Walter Lenoir of North Carolina, to examine the origins of southern white identity alongside its myriad ambiguities and complexities. Born into a wealthy slaveholding family, Lenoir abhorred the institution, opposed secession, and planned to leave his family to move to Minnesota, in the free North. But when the war erupted in 1860, Lenoir found another escape route--he joined the Confederate army, an experience that would radically transform his ideals. After the war, Lenoir, like many others, embraced the cult of the Lost Cause, refashioning his memory and beliefs in an attempt to make sense of the war, its causes, and its consequences. While some Southerners sank into depression, aligned with the victors, or fiercely opposed the new order, Lenoir withdrew to his acreage in the North Carolina mountains. There, he pursued his own vision of the South's future, one that called for greater self-sufficiency and a more efficient use of the land. For Lenoir and many fellow Confederates, the war never really ended. As he tells this compelling story, Barney offers new insights into the ways that (selective) memory informs history; through Lenoir's life, readers learn how individual choices can transform abstract historical processes into concrete actions.

Caring for Your Baby and Young Child

American Academy of Pediatrics
Caring for Your Baby and Young Child Book PDF

Author : American Academy of Pediatrics
Publisher : Bantam
Page : 959 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Family & Relationships
ISBN : 9780553393828

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Caring for Your Baby and Young Child by American Academy of Pediatrics Pdf

Covers infant care, provides medical information, guidelines on growth, safety rules, and a discussion of family issues such as adoption, twins, etc.

Better Never to Have Been

David Benatar
Better Never to Have Been Book PDF

Author : David Benatar
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199549269

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Better Never to Have Been by David Benatar Pdf

First published in paperback in 2008. Reprinted 2009, 2013.