The Philosophy Of Debt

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The Philosophy of Debt

Alexander X. Douglas
The Philosophy of Debt Book PDF

Author : Alexander X. Douglas
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2015-11-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317398868

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The Philosophy of Debt by Alexander X. Douglas Pdf

I owe you a dinner invitation, you owe ten years on your mortgage, and the government owes billions. We speak confidently about these cases of debt, but is that concept clear in its meaning? This book aims to clarify the concept of debt so we can find better answers to important moral and political questions. This book seeks to accomplish two things. The first is to clarify the concept of debt by examining how the word is used in language. The second is to develop a general, principled account of how debts generate genuine obligations. This allows us to avoid settling each case by a bare appeal to moral intuitions, which is what we seem to currently do. It requires a close examination of many institutions, e.g. money, contract law, profit-driven finance, government fiscal operations, and central banking. To properly understand the moral and political nature of debt, we must understand how these institutions have worked, how they do work, and how they might be made to work. There have been many excellent anthropological and sociological studies of debt and its related institutions. Philosophy can contribute to the emerging discussion and help us to keep our language precise and to identify the implicit principles contained in our intuitions.

Debt and Guilt

Elettra Stimilli
Debt and Guilt Book PDF

Author : Elettra Stimilli
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2018-12-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781350063402

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Debt and Guilt by Elettra Stimilli Pdf

The issue of debt and how it affects our lives is becoming more and more urgent. The "Austerity" model has been the prevalent European economic policies of recent years led by the "German model". Elettra Stimilli draws upon contemporary philosophy, psychology and theology to argue that austerity is built on the idea that we somehow deserve to be punished and need to experience guilt in order to take full account of our economic sins. Following thinkers such as Max Weber, Walter Benjamin and Michel Foucault, Debt and Guilt provides a startling examination of the relationship between contemporary politics and economics and how we structure our inner lives. The first English translation of Debito e Colpa, this book provokes new ways of thinking about how we experience both debt and guilt in contemporary society.

The Debt of the Living

Elettra Stimilli
The Debt of the Living Book PDF

Author : Elettra Stimilli
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2016-12-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781438464152

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The Debt of the Living by Elettra Stimilli Pdf

Analyzes theological and philosophical understandings of debt and its role in contemporary capitalism. Max Weber’s account of the rise of capitalism focused on his concept of a Protestant ethic, valuing diligence in earning and saving money but restraint in spending it. However, such individual restraint is foreign to contemporary understandings of finance, which treat ever-increasing consumption and debt as natural, almost essential, for maintaining the economic cycle of buying and selling. In The Debt of the Living, Elettra Stimilli returns to this idea of restraint as ascesis, by analyzing theological and philosophical understandings of debt drawn from a range of figures, including Saint Paul, Schmitt and Agamben, Benjamin and Marx, Nietzsche and Freud, and Foucault. Central to this analysis is the logic of “profit for profit’s sake”—an aspect of Weber’s work that Stimilli believes has been given insufficient attention. Following Foucault, she identifies this as the original mechanism of a capitalist dispositif that feeds not on a goal-directed rationality, but on the self-determining character of human agency. Ascesis is fundamental not because it is characterized by renunciation, but because the self-discipline it imposes converts the properly human quality of action without a predetermined goal into a lack, a fault, or a state of guilt: a debt that cannot be settled. Stimilli argues that this lack, which is impossible to fill, should be seen as the basis of the economy of hedonism and consumption that has governed global economies in recent years and as the premise of the current economy of debt.

Debt, Updated and Expanded

David Graeber
Debt Updated and Expanded Book PDF

Author : David Graeber
Publisher : Melville House
Page : 566 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2014-12-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781612194202

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Debt, Updated and Expanded by David Graeber Pdf

Now in paperback, the updated and expanded edition: David Graeber’s “fresh . . . fascinating . . . thought-provoking . . . and exceedingly timely” (Financial Times) history of debt Here anthropologist David Graeber presents a stunning reversal of conventional wisdom: he shows that before there was money, there was debt. For more than 5,000 years, since the beginnings of the first agrarian empires, humans have used elaborate credit systems to buy and sell goods—that is, long before the invention of coins or cash. It is in this era, Graeber argues, that we also first encounter a society divided into debtors and creditors. Graeber shows that arguments about debt and debt forgiveness have been at the center of political debates from Italy to China, as well as sparking innumerable insurrections. He also brilliantly demonstrates that the language of the ancient works of law and religion (words like “guilt,” “sin,” and “redemption”) derive in large part from ancient debates about debt, and shape even our most basic ideas of right and wrong. We are still fighting these battles today without knowing it.

Payback

Margaret Atwood
Payback Book PDF

Author : Margaret Atwood
Publisher : House of Anansi
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780887848001

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Payback by Margaret Atwood Pdf

Explores debt as a central historical component of religion, literature, and societal structure, while examining the idea of humanity's debt to the natural world.

Politics of Debt and Europe's Relations with the 'South'

Stefan Nygard
Politics of Debt and Europe s Relations with the South Book PDF

Author : Stefan Nygard
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2020-07-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781474461429

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Politics of Debt and Europe's Relations with the 'South' by Stefan Nygard Pdf

Combining a discussion of the multi-layered European and global North-South divide with an effort to retrieve alternatives to the dominant divisive use of debt as staking out claims against another party, this text explores the consequences of the erasure of historical temporality in the recent period of 'globalization' and 'individualization' as well as new registers for political uses of the past under current conditions. It draws on socio-political, moral-philosophical and literary-artistic analyses, tracing the genealogy of debt through European history.

Just Debt

Ilsup Ahn
Just Debt Book PDF

Author : Ilsup Ahn
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Credit control
ISBN : 1481306928

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Just Debt by Ilsup Ahn Pdf

.".. We [have] come to have a delimited and skewed view on debt and its economy ... In this book, I argue, a more holistic social ethics of debt is established by reintegrating these two essential elements of debt: logic and story. From the perspective of a more holistic ethics of debt, neoliberal concept of debt is problematic because by neglecting the story aspect of debt, it has enervated the moral ethos of debt rendering it as a matter of mere contract and mechanical calculation"--Introduction.

Rethinking Sovereign Debt

Odette Lienau
Rethinking Sovereign Debt Book PDF

Author : Odette Lienau
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2014-02-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780674726406

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Rethinking Sovereign Debt by Odette Lienau Pdf

Conventional wisdom holds that all nations must repay debt. Regardless of the legitimacy of the regime that signs the contract, a country that fails to honor its obligations damages its reputation. Yet should today's South Africa be responsible for apartheid-era debt? Is it reasonable to tether postwar Iraq with Saddam Hussein's excesses? Rethinking Sovereign Debt is a probing analysis of how sovereign debt continuity--the rule that nations should repay loans even after a major regime change, or else expect consequences--became dominant. Odette Lienau contends that the practice is not essential for functioning capital markets, and demonstrates its reliance on absolutist ideas that have come under fire over the last century. Lienau traces debt continuity from World War I to the present, emphasizing the role of government officials, the World Bank, and private markets in shaping our existing framework. Challenging previous accounts, she argues that Soviet Russia's repudiation of Tsarist debt and Great Britain's 1923 arbitration with Costa Rica hint at the feasibility of selective debt cancellation. Rethinking Sovereign Debt calls on scholars and policymakers to recognize political choice and historical precedent in sovereign debt and reputation, in order to move beyond an impasse when a government is overthrown.

Debt to Society

Miranda Joseph
Debt to Society Book PDF

Author : Miranda Joseph
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2014-09-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781452941608

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Debt to Society by Miranda Joseph Pdf

It is commonplace to say that criminals pay their debt to society by spending time in prison, but what is a “debt to society”? How is crime understood as a debt? How has time become the equivalent for crime? And how does criminal debt relate to the kind of debt held by consumers and university students? In Debt to Society, Miranda Joseph explores modes of accounting as they are used to create, sustain, or transform social relations. Envisioning accounting broadly to include financial accounting, managerial accounting of costs and performance, and the calculation of “debts to society” owed by criminals, Joseph argues that accounting technologies have a powerful effect on social dynamics by attributing credits and debts. From sovereign bonds and securitized credit card debt to student debt and mortgages, there is no doubt that debt and accounting structure our lives. Exploring central components of neoliberalism (and neoliberalism in crisis) from incarceration to personal finance and university management, Debt to Society exposes the uneven distribution of accountability within our society. Joseph demonstrates how ubiquitous the forces of accounting have become in shaping all aspects of our lives, proposing that we appropriate accounting and offer alternative accounts to turn the present toward a more widely shared well-being.

The Classical Debt

Johanna Hanink
The Classical Debt Book PDF

Author : Johanna Hanink
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2017-05-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674978300

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The Classical Debt by Johanna Hanink Pdf

“Greek debt” means one thing to the country’s creditors. But for millions who prize culture over capital, it means the symbolic debt we owe Greece for democracy, philosophy, mathematics, and fine art. Johanna Hanink shows that our idealized image of ancient Greece dangerously shapes our view of the country’s economic hardship and refugee crisis.

Life in Debt

Clara Han
Life in Debt Book PDF

Author : Clara Han
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-06-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780520951754

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Life in Debt by Clara Han Pdf

Chile is widely known as the first experiment in neoliberalism in Latin America, carried out and made possible through state violence. Since the beginning of the transition in 1990, the state has pursued a national project of reconciliation construed as debts owed to the population. The state owed a "social debt" to the poor accrued through inequalities generated by economic liberalization, while society owed a "moral debt" to the victims of human rights violations. Life in Debt invites us into lives and world of a poor urban neighborhood in Santiago. Tracing relations and lives between 1999 and 2010, Clara Han explores how the moral and political subjects imagined and asserted by poverty and mental health policies and reparations for human rights violations are refracted through relational modes and their boundaries. Attending to intimate scenes and neighborhood life, Han reveals the force of relations in the making of selves in a world in which unstable work patterns, illness, and pervasive economic indebtedness are aspects of everyday life. Lucidly written, Life in Debt provides a unique meditation on both the past inhabiting actual life conditions but also on the difficulties of obligation and achievements of responsiveness.

Debt and Taxes

John H. Makin,Norman J. Ornstein
Debt and Taxes Book PDF

Author : John H. Makin,Norman J. Ornstein
Publisher : American Enterprise Institute
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 081292312X

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Debt and Taxes by John H. Makin,Norman J. Ornstein Pdf

Today, two hundred years after the founding of the republic, the United States finds itself burdened by the highest taxes and largest debts in its history. The crisis presented by these Siamese twins symbolizes the country's inability to govern itself.

Debt and Indebtedness at Emar

Maurizio Viano
Debt and Indebtedness at Emar Book PDF

Author : Maurizio Viano
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 561 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2023-06-19
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781501515316

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Debt and Indebtedness at Emar by Maurizio Viano Pdf

This book is the first comprehensive study of debts and credit system at Emar. It focuses on the socio-economic aspects of credit access and indebtedness as well as on the motivations behind debts and debt settlement in the city of Emar. The credit system is analyzed through several factors: the purpose of debts, i.e., productive or consumptive; the procedures for granting loans; the strategies put in place to meet an obligation and to cope with economic difficulties; the consequences of non-fulfillment, which may lead to servitude or slavery; the different types of slavery; slave prices; the mechanisms of enslavement; and termination of slavery. Moneylending practices and the formation of servile conditions at Emar are studied in the context of the Syrian economy aiming to understand whether the Emar evidence conforms with a socio political and economic crisis that is generally acknowledged to have struck Syria, Anatolia and Northern Mesopotamia at the end of the Late Bronze Age. This work is of sure relevance for scholars interested in socio-economic history, not only of the pertinent historical-geographical area.

Public Debt and the Common Good

James Odom
Public Debt and the Common Good Book PDF

Author : James Odom
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429866395

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Public Debt and the Common Good by James Odom Pdf

The American national debt stands at $20.49 trillion as of January 2018, or roughly $63,000 for every person in the United States. The national debt has grown six-fold in the past 25 years, and borrowing only has accelerated in recent administrations. What are the factors driving such unrestrained borrowing? Is American fiscal policy different now than in an earlier era? Is there a moral dimension to public debt and, if so, how can that dimension be measured? Public Debt and the Common Good addresses these and other questions by looking to the fiscal policy of the American states. Drawing on classical themes and the longest quantitative review of state debt in the literature, James Odom expertly integrates institutional analysis with dimensions of culture to define the parameters of political freedom in a theoretically coherent way. In doing so, Odom argues that centralization and injustice, or the incapacity for the common good, can help explain state indebtedness. Contributing to ongoing scholarly debates on public debt theory, this book will be of interest to students, scholars, and practitioners who work at the intersection of political philosophy and economics, as well as those who specialize in state public policy, state politics, and federalism more generally.

In Defense of Public Debt

Barry Eichengreen,Asmaa El-Ganainy,Rui Esteves,Kris James Mitchener
In Defense of Public Debt Book PDF

Author : Barry Eichengreen,Asmaa El-Ganainy,Rui Esteves,Kris James Mitchener
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2021-08-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780197577912

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In Defense of Public Debt by Barry Eichengreen,Asmaa El-Ganainy,Rui Esteves,Kris James Mitchener Pdf

A dive into the origins, management, and uses and misuses of sovereign debt through the ages. Public debts have exploded to levels unprecedented in modern history as governments responded to the Covid-19 pandemic and ensuing economic crisis. Their dramatic rise has prompted apocalyptic warnings about the dangers of heavy debtsabout the drag they will place on economic growth and the burden they represent for future generations. In Defense of Public Debt offers a sharp rejoinder to this view, marshaling the entire history of state-issued public debt to demonstrate its usefulness. Authors Barry Eichengreen, Asmaa El-Ganainy, Rui Esteves, and Kris James Mitchener argue that the ability of governments to issue debt has played a critical role in addressing emergenciesfrom wars and pandemics to economic and financial crises, as well as in funding essential public goods and services such as transportation, education, and healthcare. In these ways, the capacity to issue debt has been integral to state building and state survival. Transactions in public debt securities have also contributed to the development of private financial markets and, through this channel, to modern economic growth. None of this is to deny that debt problems, debt crises, and debt defaults occur. But these dramatic events, which attract much attention, are not the entire story. In Defense of Public Debt redresses the balance. The authors develop their arguments historically, recounting two millennia of public debt experience. They deploy a comprehensive database to identify the factors behind rising public debts and the circumstances under which high debts are successfully stabilized and brought down. Finally, they bring the story up to date, describing the role of public debt in managing the Covid-19 pandemic and recession, suggesting a way forward once governmentsnow more heavily indebted than beforefinally emerge from the crisis.