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Author : A. Meredith John
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : History
ISBN : 0521361664
This book aims to estimate the levels of plantation slave mortality and fertility in Trinidad.
Author : Noel Titus
Publisher : AuthorHouse
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : History
ISBN : 9781438985558
As the Preface states, this book is a result of a research project for the History Department of the University of the West Indies. It is a work which sought to examine the way in which the slave policy of the British government was implemented in a new slave colony. Faced with recalcitrance on the part of the older West Indian colonies, the Colonial Office did not accord Trinidad an independent legislature because it felt it could more easily implement its slave policy. Trinidad proved to be no more compliant than the other colonies, and logistically was not easy to supervise. No study has previously been done of the slave process in Trinidad. A statistical analysis of the registration was undertaken by A. Meredith John in 1988. The present study is important because it has focussed on an area that needed to be examined, and one which illustrates that one cannot generalise on the West Indies. It shows how easily a policy can fail, if administrators are not in sync - as those in London were not during this seminal period. The baneful effects of the British experiments extended to persons like the free coloured and black people, who were on the periphery of the system, but who were materially affected by it. This book is significant because it fills a gap in knowledge about an important aspect of the island's history. It also affords an opportunity to look at the attempt to make changes in a society that, for the most part, was not English. As such it stands as a warning of the need to understand the cultures of those for whom systems are devised before they are imposed.
Author : Anthony De Verteuil
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : UTEXAS:059173020670237
Author : Neil A. Sookdeo
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2001-05-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781462837700
Dr. SookDeos book shows the relevance of the past to the present by using the case study of Trinidad that highlights the crippling disadvantages that accrue to any people experiencing segregation, no matter the era or system of government. The study challenges notions of free labor, caste and free immigration, especially as it applied to the Caribbean region at the end of slavery and Emancipation (1838) in the British Empire. One thread of commonality with more radical studies of the past is that colonialism perpetuated a caste society similar to the one experienced under slavery. In Trinidad, this was true not only in labor but in education and even when the authorities responded to mass festivals and other freedoms. Such a study is prescient and relevant today, where opportunities for healthy race and economic relations within nations such as Trinidad were lost. This has been to the detriment of national growth and development in all aspects of Trinidads life. The irony for the East Indians arriving in nineteenth-century Trinidad was that if some of them had left the worst features of caste-ism behind, they were entering another rigidly caste-structured society in the New World. The ostensibly free British citizens of India, coveted as substitutes for slaves after Emancipation, had the historical destiny to contribute to the free labor system in Trinidad, but they paid a heavy cost. In general studies of the island nation, Indo-Trinidadian indenture is separated from labor history; this author sees a continuum of many labor regimes including slavery, peonage, indenture of many stripes, and free labor. The US has unearthed evidence in the 1990s that new forms of indented immigration continue in our time. When East Indian history is written as part of Caribbean labor history, we see a story of courage, of pre-industrial people learning how to organize and demand human rights, to survive and make progress with the slowly increasingly opportunities of capitalism. This work reveals much about transitions in society generally, and about the transition from slavery to free labor more specifically. That transition is, for Trinidad, a summary of the daily struggles of laboring adults and children who succeeded as "immigrants" against unimaginable odds. A largely illiterate, male population - ill-prepared for western, multi-racial societies -anonymous behind studies that focus on numerous regulations, platitudes, gross statistics and averages come to life in this study. This study humanizes "caste" and "outcaste" groups who knew nothing of Trinidad and it shows what indenture contracts meant in the "East Indians" day to day life on Trinidads plantations. Many Indians who did not succumb during the three-month voyage from British India to British Trinidad, died of poor health and diet on the plantations, or after expulsion from the estates when they could no longer work, some were found dying on the roads. Individual deaths on ships, beatings and whipping of indented workers and leaders, medical and food inadequacies (on Walkinshaws Estate in 1846), abuse of indented laborers, their wives and children are connected with real people and names. Especially damning of British-sponsored indenture was its relegating of Indians to pass-carrying prisoners of an anachronistic apartheid state; Indians became the largest sub-group of prisoners allegedly for violating rules that were unfair or hard to understand. The untruths told Indians about high wages at nearby "farms" and outright abductions of men and women, and capricious extension of "contracts" are juxtaposed with other contemporaneous labor migrations. In other words, Portuguese, Chineseand free African indented migration to Trinidad occured at this very moment in time, yet Indians were probably the most abused single group. SookDeos study connects this to the "spirit of the times" where colonial elites and pla
Author : Rita Pemberton,Debbie McCollin,Gelien Matthews,Michael Toussaint
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9781538111468
As separate entities and later a unified state, the Caribbean islands of Trinidad and Tobago boast very unique histories. Initially claimed by the Spanish in 1498, these territories were affected by the imperialist thrusts of various European nations including the French, British and Dutch. The mercantilist infiltrations of these groups, particularly in the 18th century, led to the islands’ belated development as sugar producers and, particularly Trinidad, as a cradle of migration. World War II and the development of the oil and tourism industries in the 20th century transformed the economies, culture and society of these islands. The country has been one of the most important in the region in relation to economic and political leadership and as a centre of cultural development. Historical Dictionary of Trinidad and Tobago contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 500 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Trinidad and Tobago.
Author : Maria Suzette Fernandes Dias
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2021-03-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781527567009
The proclamation by the United Nations General Assembly of the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition during 2004 marked the culmination of recent efforts to re-engage with slavery’s past and create an intellectual, social, political and ethical climate conducive to a sustained and meaningful dialogue among cultures and civilisations. The past decade witnessed an upsurge of national and international exhibitions and conferences on the impact of slavery and the overwhelming and enduring cultural miscegenation and the demographic, socio-political and spiritual hybridisation that the phenomenon consciously or unconsciously initiated; the celebration of efforts by Abolitionists to publicise the savagery of this inhumane practice; a revival of interest in and the glorification of, the often ignored or historically negatively represented resistance to slavery by slaves themselves; and, numerous endeavours to address the negative legacies of slavery like racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, which continue to impinge upon our present as part of contemporary politics. Yet, these ventures aimed at raising awareness of the horrors of slave trade and slavery, at honouring struggles for the emancipation of the enslaved, at examining the aftermath of slavery like the emergence of a new historic consciousness, at restoring broken links and solidarity between the historically dislocated diasporas and their countries of origin, at commemorating sites of memory, and, at celebrating artistic and cultural métissage, such as the UNESCO’s Slave Route Project, have largely focused on the Atlantic World, and the deportation of slaves from Africa to other parts of the World, raising questions about the legacy of slavery in other societies, like those in Asia, the Pacific and Europe, where slavery still remains on the margins of national and post-colonial histories. This edited volume is an attempt to reconsider slavery as a global human institution which has coexisted with other socio-political, economic, legal and cultural institutions. As a temporally and spatially ubiquitous phenomenon, it has generated and continues to, engender legacies, be they historical, oral or visual, which need to be compared and discussed to facilitate dialogue between cultures and civilisations and to mitigate the wounds of the past which continue to scar our present. It brings together writings by scholars from history, literature, anthropology and cultural studies who examine the indelible mark left by slavery in its various forms, on societies, cultures and peoples all over the world and attempts by artistes and writers to alleviate this stigmata of History. This volume consists of two sections. The first section entitled "Connecting Histories" explores some of the varied forms in which slavery presented itself in the last four centuries and the need to reengage with its legacies. Adhering to Manning’s contention that slavery is "an enduring metaphor for inequities in the treatment of humans", this section focuses on identifying the legacy of slavery and its significance in scholarship (Manning); alternate perspectives on slavery through the examination of forced labour and the dehumanising treatment of indigenous people in Australia (Read), enforced migration and labour exploitation of convicts in penal colonies (Maxwell-Stewart); and, a historical overview of Lusitanian slavery in India (D’Souza) and the hybridisation of pre-colonial slavery traditions in the perpetuation of the perkerniersstelse, or a profitably managed European settler-colony based on the global monopoly of nutmeg production, by the Dutch (Winn). The second section of the book entitled "Centering Discourses: Identity, Image and Text" begins with a postcolonialist reading of Caribbean slavery as a legacy of capitalism, imperialism and plantation culture and above all, the globalization of sugar consumption (Ashcroft). The two chapters that follow resuscitate two of the many categories of slaves who were victims of historical silence, namely children in the sugar plantations of the West Indies (Teelucksingh) and Martiniquan maroons (Fernandes-Dias). Articulating with the discourse on identity and cultural appropriation introduced in the preceding essay, chapter nine provides an overview of the power struggle at work in the construction of Creole identity and its political legitimization, through a topical analysis of the process of commemoration of a "site of memory", Le Morne Brabant, symbol of slavery and marronage in the Mauritian collective memory (Carmignani). The final two chapters explore the problematics of presenting slavery through the adoption of a counter-hegemonic discourse, particularly through the arts. Aphra Behn’s Oroonoko which exalts the Black slave as a hero without making any explicit case for the abolition of slavery, continues to occupy the terrain of sympathist - abolitionist ambiguity (Landford) while the Amistad case, despite its numerous positive legacies, demonstrates how excessive popularization of the incident as an Abolitionist cause célèbre, resulted in an overload of historical memory to the point of obscuring historical reality (Fernandes Dias). Despite the volume's overarching desire to provide a global and comparative overview of the historical, ideological, economical and cultural factors that contributed to the evolution of slavery and the legacies that the institution generated, this volume is limited in the thematic, chronological and geographic terrain that it has covered. We attribute this shortcoming to the complexity of slavery itself as an institution, the problematic of defining what constitutes slavery and the historical silence maintained over its dehumanizing effects. Yet the story of slavery is also a tale of survival, of resistance and of the resilience of the human spirit to transcend oppression and preserve its inherent dignity. It is the celebration of the rich cultural fusion and métissage that rose from the ashes of human suffering. The wounds of the past need to be healed, perhaps initially, at a mythopoetic level, through the articulation of repressed collective angst and its legacies through the arts and through scholarship.
Author : K. Candlin
Publisher : Springer
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-06-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781137030818
The Southern Caribbean was the last frontier in the Atlantic world and the most contested region in the Caribbean during the Age of Revolution. As well as illuminating this little-understood region, the book seeks to complicate our understanding of the Caribbean, the role of 'free people of colour' and the nature of slavery.
Author : David Y Miller
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1409 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2019-07-23
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781315502397
This bibliography of 20th century literature focuses on slavery and slave-trading from ancient times through the 19th century. It contains over 10,000 entries, with the principal sections organizing works by the political/geographical frameworks of the enslavers.
Author : James Epstein
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-03-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107003309
A dramatic history of the British public's confrontation with the iniquities of nineteenth-century colonial rule. James Epstein uses the trial of the first governor of Trinidad for the torture of a freewoman of color to reassess the nature of British colonialism and the ways in which empire troubled the metropolitan imagination.
Author : S. D. Smith
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2006-07-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781139458856
From the mid-seventeenth century to the 1830s, successful gentry capitalists created an extensive business empire centered on slavery in the West Indies, but inter-linked with North America, Africa, and Europe. S. D. Smith examines the formation of this British Atlantic World from the perspective of Yorkshire aristocratic families who invested in the West Indies. At the heart of the book lies a case study of the plantation-owning Lascelles and the commercial and cultural network they created with their associates. The Lascelles exhibited high levels of business innovation and were accomplished risk-takers, overcoming daunting obstacles to make fortunes out of the New World. Dr Smith shows how the family raised themselves first to super-merchant status and then to aristocratic pre-eminence. He also explores the tragic consequences for enslaved Africans with chapters devoted to the slave populations and interracial relations. This widely researched book sheds new light on the networks and the culture of imperialism.
Author : Henry Laurens,David R. Chesnutt,C. James Taylor
Publisher : Univ of South Carolina Press
Page : 978 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2003-03
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 1570034656
The concluding volume of a prestigious documentary edition; This, the sixteenth and final volume of The Papers of Henry Laurens, covers the last ten years of the statesman's life. During this period, Henry Laurens spent a hectic twenty-two months as a peace commissioner traveling between Paris and London, conferring with British ministers and his colleagues on the peace commission. At the same time, Laurens was coping with the grief of losing his eldest son, John Laurens, in battle, family conflicts over a proposed marriage between his elder daughter and a French fortune hunter, and his own poor health. This mixture of public and private concerns continued throughout his stay in Europe, as the commissioners attempted to negotiate a final peace treaty and a trade agreement with former allies and foes. In January 1785, Laurens returned to South Carolina, where he devoted the remainder of his life to personal affairs. Despite encouragement to return to public service, Laurens remained a private citizen with an active interest in the progress of his state, In his later years he recommended an end to the importation of slaves and diversification of the economy. Laurens died on December
Author : Diane M. Spivey
Publisher : State University of New York Press
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2000-09-07
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780791493397
Fifteen years in the making, this book emerges as a new approach to presenting culinary information. It showcases a myriad of sumptuous, mouth-watering recipes comprising the many commonalities in ingredients and methods of food preparation of people of color from various parts of the globe. This powerful book traces and documents the continent's agricultural and mineral prosperity and the strong role played by ancient explorers, merchants, and travelers from Africa's east and west coasts in making lasting culinary and cultural marks on the United States, the Caribbean, Peru, Brazil, Mexico, India, and Southeast Asia. Groundbreaking in its treatment of heritage survival in African and African American cooking, this illuminating book broadens the scope of cuisine as it examines its historical relationship to a host of subjects—including music, advertising, sexual exploitation, and publishing. Provocative in its perspective, The Peppers, Cracklings, and Knots of Wool Cookbook dispels the long-standing misnomer that African cuisine is primitive, unsophisticated or simply non-existent, and serves as a reference in understanding how Africa's contributions continue to mark our cuisine and culture today.
Author : Ivol Blackman
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-02
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781984566034
Trinidad became a colony of Spain in 1498. In 1797, it was captured by Britain and became a colony of that country. Under British rule, it was categorized as a Crown Colony. As such, it was completely controlled by the British government and the governor who was its representative in the island. The governor was judge ,legislator, and administrator all at once. In that regard, the significance of the Articles of Capitulation, the document evidencing the surrender of the island to British forces, as a bill of rights is considered. The evolution of the law, the judicial system, and the legislature and the consequent replacement of their Spanish counterparts are the bases of the text. But the influence of the economic structure in the colony on the changes that were introduced in the law is described. The change from the one-man rule of the governor to the governor with a Council of Advice, and finally, to a Legislative Council is detailed. Was Spanish law completely terminated in Trinidad? An answer to that question is given in the book.
Author : Lennie M. Nimblett
Publisher : AuthorHouse
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-11-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781477234518
This book tells the little known story about the decision for the Caribbean island of Tobago to form a unitary colony with the neighbouring island of Trinidad in 1889.
Author : Lise Winer
Publisher : Caribbean Heritage Series
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9766401330
The Caribbean Heritage Series is designed to publish historic re-publications of Trinidad Literary Roots and comprises four Trinidadian novels published between 1838 and 1907. This second volume in the series presents two novels, Adolphus, a Tale and The Slave Son. Adolphus was first published in 1853 and was probably written by a Trinidadian mulatto, thus making it the first Trinidadian, and possibly the first West Indian, novel written by a mulatto and the first novel written by someone born and reared in Trinidad. A dramatic nineteenth-century tale, originally published in the newspapers of the day, Adolphus, traces the adventures of a mulatto son of a black slave women raped by a white man. Raised by a kind Spanish-Trinidadian padre, Adolphus grows into a handsome, well-educated, noble character. Later falling in love with Antonia Romelia, he manages to rescue her from a villainous kidnaper and they flee to Venezuela where they are free to marry. The Slave Son was originally published in 1854 by Chapman and Hall, and according to the author's foreword, it was inspired by Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin and was written to support the abolitionist movement in the Unit.