The Poor In Western Europe In The Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

Author : Stuart Woolf
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2016-09-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9781315512488

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The Poor in Western Europe in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries by Stuart Woolf Pdf

First published in 1986, this book examines poverty and changing attitudes towards the poor and charity across England, France and Italy. It discusses the causes of poverty and the distinctions between the poor and the class-conscious proletariat. Taking early nineteenth-century Italy as a special study, it uses the exceptionally rich documentary sources from this time to examine such issues as charity, repression, the reasons why families suffered poverty and what strategies they adopted for survival. In this study, Stuart Woolf takes full account of recent work in historical demography and in sociological studies of poverty and the welfare state to produce this original and thoughtful work. This book will be of interest to those studying the history of poverty, class and the welfare state.

Author : Stuart J. Woolf
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0416393306

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The Poor in Western Europe by Stuart J. Woolf Pdf

Author : Rosalind Mitchison
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105043335244

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Coping with Destitution by Rosalind Mitchison Pdf

Author : Peter H. Wilson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 630 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781118730027

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A Companion to Eighteenth-Century Europe by Peter H. Wilson Pdf

This Companion contains 31 essays by leading international scholars to provide an overview of the key debates on eighteenth-century Europe. Examines the social, intellectual, economic, cultural, and political changes that took place throughout eighteenth-century Europe Focuses on Europe while placing it within its international context Considers not just major western European states, but also the often neglected countries of eastern and northern Europe

Author : Peter Mandler
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2016-11-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781512804102

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The Uses of Charity by Peter Mandler Pdf

Who were the poor of the world's first metropolises, and how did they survive? This collection of eight original essays proposes a revisionist perspective on poverty and its relief in the nineteenth-century city, emphasizing the position of women and children and the importance of charity and welfare in their lives. Historians have tended to focus on the motives and achievements of the benefactors and institutions, in part because donors left behind such rich documentation. These essays, taking their cue from recent trends in the social sciences, address charity "from below," as experienced from the point of view of the recipients, and challenge assumptions about the "marginality" and "dependency" of the poor. The authors find that the demand for charity was constant, that the forms in which it was offered rarely matched the forms in which it was needed, that the poor used considerable ingenuity in adapting both the gifts and themselves to meet their needs, and that their attitudes toward charity often were not what either donors or historians have believed. The Uses of Charity is a valuable resource for students and scholars of history, anthropology, sociology, and women's studies.

Author : Grace E. Coolidge
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2016-03-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317031444

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The Formation of the Child in Early Modern Spain by Grace E. Coolidge Pdf

Drawing on history, literature, and art to explore childhood in early modern Spain, the contributors to this collection argue that early modern Spaniards conceptualized childhood as a distinct and discrete stage in life which necessitated special care and concern. The volume contrasts the didactic use of art and literature with historical accounts of actual children, and analyzes children in a wide range of contexts including the royal court, the noble family, and orphanages. The volume explores several interrelated questions that challenge both scholars of Spain and scholars specializing in childhood. How did early modern Spaniards perceive childhood? In what framework (literary, artistic) did they think about their children, and how did they visualize those children’s roles within the family and society? How do gender and literary genres intersect with this concept of childhood? How did ideas about childhood shape parenting, parents, and adult life in early modern Spain? How did theories about children and childhood interact with the actual experiences of children and their parents? The group of international scholars contributing to this book have developed a variety of creative, interdisciplinary approaches to uncover children’s lives, the role of children within the larger family, adult perceptions of childhood, images of children and childhood in art and literature, and the ways in which children and childhood were vulnerable and in need of protection. Studying children uncovers previously hidden aspects of Spanish history and allows the contributors to analyze the ideals and goals of Spanish culture, the inner dynamics of the Habsburg court, and the vulnerabilities and weaknesses that Spanish society fought to overcome.

Author : Billy G. Smith
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0271046031

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Down and Out in Early America by Billy G. Smith Pdf

It has often been said that early America was the &"best poor man&’s country in the world.&" After all, wasn&’t there an abundance of land and a scarcity of laborers? The law of supply and demand would seem to dictate that most early American working people enjoyed high wages and a decent material standard of living. Down and Out in Early America presents the evidence for poverty versus plenty and concludes that financial insecurity was a widespread problem that plagued many early Americans. The fact is that in early America only an extremely thin margin separated those who required assistance from those who were able to secure independently the necessities of life. The reasons for this were many: seasonal and cyclical unemployment, inadequate wages, health problems (including mental illness), alcoholism, a large pool of migrants, low pay for women, abandoned families. The situation was made worse by the inability of many communities to provide help for the poor except to incarcerate them in workhouses and almshouses. The essays in this volume explore the lives and strategies of people who struggled with destitution, evaluate the changing forms of poor relief, and examine the political, religious, gender, and racial aspects of poverty in early North America. Down and Out in Early America features a distinguished lineup of historians. In the first chapter, Gary B. Nash surveys the scholarship on poverty in early America and concludes that historians have failed to appreciate the numerous factors that generated widespread indigence. Philip D. Morgan examines poverty among slaves while Jean R. Soderlund looks at the experience of Native Americans in New Jersey. In the other essays, Monique Bourque, Ruth Wallis Herndon, Tom Humphrey, Susan E. Klepp, John E. Murray, Simon Newman, J. Richard Olivas, and Karin Wulf look at the conditions of poverty across regions, making this the most complete and comprehensive work of its kind.

Author : A. L. Beier,Paul Ocobock
Publisher : Ohio University Press
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2014-06-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9780896804609

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Cast Out by A. L. Beier,Paul Ocobock Pdf

Throughout history, those arrested for vagrancy have generally been poor men and women, often young, able-bodied, unemployed, and homeless. Most histories of vagrancy have focused on the European and American experiences. Cast Out: Vagrancy and Homelessness in Global and Historical Perspective is the first book to consider the shared global heritage of vagrancy laws, homelessness, and the historical processes they accompanied. In this ambitious collection, vagrancy and homelessness are used to examine a vast array of phenomena, from the migration of labor to social and governmental responses to poverty through charity, welfare, and prosecution. The essays in Cast Out represent the best scholarship on these subjects and include discussions of the lives of the underclass, strategies for surviving and escaping poverty, the criminalization of poverty by the state, the rise of welfare and development programs, the relationship between imperial powers and colonized peoples, and the struggle to achieve independence after colonial rule. By juxtaposing these histories, the authors explore vagrancy as a common response to poverty, labor dislocation, and changing social norms, as well as how this strategy changed over time and adapted to regional peculiarities. Part of a growing literature on world history, Cast Out offers fresh perspectives and new research in fields that have yet to fully investigate vagrancy and homelessness. This book by leading scholars in the field is for policy makers, as well as for courses on poverty, homelessness, and world history. Contributors: Richard B. Allen David Arnold A. L. Beier Andrew Burton Vincent DiGirolamo Andrew A. Gentes Robert Gordon Frank Tobias Higbie Thomas H. Holloway Abby Margolis Paul Ocobock Aminda M. Smith Linda Woodbridge

Author : Robert C. Allen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2011-09-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199596652

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Global Economic History: A Very Short Introduction by Robert C. Allen Pdf

Together these countries pioneered new technologies that have made them ever richer.

Author : Philip T. Hoffman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691175843

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Why Did Europe Conquer the World? by Philip T. Hoffman Pdf

The startling economic and political answers behind Europe's historical dominance Between 1492 and 1914, Europeans conquered 84 percent of the globe. But why did Europe establish global dominance, when for centuries the Chinese, Japanese, Ottomans, and South Asians were far more advanced? In Why Did Europe Conquer the World?, Philip Hoffman demonstrates that conventional explanations—such as geography, epidemic disease, and the Industrial Revolution—fail to provide answers. Arguing instead for the pivotal role of economic and political history, Hoffman shows that if certain variables had been different, Europe would have been eclipsed, and another power could have become master of the world. Hoffman sheds light on the two millennia of economic, political, and historical changes that set European states on a distinctive path of development, military rivalry, and war. This resulted in astonishingly rapid growth in Europe's military sector, and produced an insurmountable lead in gunpowder technology. The consequences determined which states established colonial empires or ran the slave trade, and even which economies were the first to industrialize. Debunking traditional arguments, Why Did Europe Conquer the World? reveals the startling reasons behind Europe's historic global supremacy.

Author : Adam Gaffney
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351656559

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To Heal Humankind by Adam Gaffney Pdf

The "human right to healthcare" has had a remarkable rise. It is found in numerous international treaties and national constitutions, it is litigated in courtrooms across the globe, it is increasingly the subject of study by scholars across a range of disciplines, and—perhaps most importantly—it serves as an inspiring rallying cry for health justice activists throughout the world. However, though increasingly accepted as a principle, the historical roots of this right remain largely unexplored. To Heal Humankind: The Right to Health in History fills that gap, combining a sweeping historical scope and interdisciplinary synthesis. Beginning with the Age of Antiquity and extending to the Age of Trump, it analyzes how healthcare has been conceived and provided as both a right and a commodity over time and space, examining the key historical and political junctures when the right to healthcare was widened or diminished in nations around the globe. To Heal Humankind will prove indispensable for all those interested in human rights, the history of public health, and the future of healthcare.

Author : Thomas McStay Adams
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2023-01-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9781350276253

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Europe’s Welfare Traditions Since 1500, Volume 2 by Thomas McStay Adams Pdf

Tracing the interwoven traditions of modern welfare states in Europe over five centuries, Thomas McStay Adams explores social welfare from Portugal, France, and Italy to Britain, Belgium and Germany. He shows that the provision of assistance to those in need has faced recognizably similar challenges from the 16th century through to the present: how to allocate aid equitably (and with dignity); how to give support without undermining autonomy (and motivation); and how to balance private and public spheres of action and responsibility. Across two authoritative volumes, Adams reveals how social welfare administrators, critics, and improvers have engaged in a constant exchange of models and experience locally and across Europe. The narrative begins with the founding of the Casa da Misericordia of Lisbon in 1498, a model replicated throughout Portugal and its empire, and ends with the relaunch of a social agenda for the European Union at the meeting of the Council of Europe in Lisbon in 2000. Volume 1, which focuses on the period from 1500 to 1700, discusses the concepts of 'welfare' and 'tradition'. It looks at how 16th-century humanists joined with merchants and lawyers to renew traditional charity in distinctly modern forms, and how the discipline of religious reform affected the exercise of political authority and the promotion of economic productivity. Volume 2 examines 18th-century bienfaisance which secularized a Christian humanist notion of beneficence, producing new and sharply contested assertions of social citizenship. It goes on to consider how national struggles to establish comprehensive welfare states since the second half of the 19th century built on the power of the vote as politicians, pushed by activists and advised by experts, appealed to a growing class of industrial workers. Lastly, it looks at how 20th-century welfare states addressed aspirations for social citizenship while the institutional framework for European economic cooperation came to fruition

Author : M. Quine
Publisher : Springer
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2002-02-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9781403919793

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Italy's Social Revolution by M. Quine Pdf

The study of welfare can illuminate debate about some of the grand themes in modern Italian history - the question of the success or failure of nation-building; the question of the relative strengths and weaknesses of the state; and the question of continuity and discontinuity from liberalism to fascism. It can also deepen understanding of one of the most pressing problems confronting historians of Italian fascism - the question of the actual impact of fascist rule on Italian society. Despite this, surprisingly few scholars have done any work on this important topic. This book aims to contribute to scholarship on the social history of modern Italy by examining welfare thinking and policies from the nineteenth century to the fascist period.

Author : Martin Daunton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2005-10-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9781135363802

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Charity, Self-Interest And Welfare In Britain by Martin Daunton Pdf

First published in 1996. These essays present a statement on the long-term development of welfare policy in Britain. Relating to current issues such as the cost of pensions, this work examines provisions for the poor, infirm and aged over four centuries of British history.

Author : Lindsey Earner-Byrne
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2017-01-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107179912

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Letters of the Catholic Poor by Lindsey Earner-Byrne Pdf

A pioneering new 'history from below' of Irish poverty told through the letters of the Catholic poor in Independent Ireland.