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Science, (Anti-)Communism and Diplomacy by Anonim Pdf
This book explores how Pugwash scientists established a role in conflict moderation, what held this project together and how state actors in East and West perceived their efforts, complicating existing narratives about “Pugwash” and challenging notions about the naivety of scientists.
Joseph Rotblat by Reiner Braun,Robert Hinde,David Krieger,Harold Kroto,Sally Milne Pdf
Sir Joseph Rotblat (1908-2005), British physicist and one of the most prominent critics of the nuclear arms race, received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1995 in conjunction with the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs, an organization of scientists which he headed at the time, for their efforts towards nuclear disarmament. 'Joseph Rotblat - Visionary for Peace' is dedicated to the life of this unique scientist and humanist. It contains contributions by Nobel Laureates, eminent scholars and prominent politicians who, each from their own perspective, shed light on the life and work of this distinguished scientist. An introduction by the editors is followed by five central articles on Rotblat's biography, the impact of his work on science and peace and the Pugwash organization. The third part of the book consists of over 30 commentaries, written by the likes of Martin Rees, Mikhail Gorbachev, Jack Steinberger, Mohamed ElBaradei, Paul J.Crutzen, and Mairead Corrigan Maguire.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws Publisher : Unknown Page : 152 pages File Size : 47,6 Mb Release : 1961 Category : Internal security ISBN : STANFORD:36105120688697
The Pugwash Conferences by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws Pdf
A Quest for Global Peace by Joseph Rotblat,Daisaku Ikeda Pdf
One of the 'inventors' of the nuclear bomb, Sir Joseph Rotblat very soon turned away from weapons research to make a prolonged and principled stand against the dangers of nuclear proliferation. A physicist of great brilliance, he metamorphosed into a campaigner of admired moral conviction and leadership. This series of dialogues between two leading ethical thinkers brings together the courage and humanity of Rotblat with the spiritual wisdom and global visionary outlook of Daisaku Ikeda, the leader of the world's largest and most influential lay Buddhist organisation. Together they reflect on fundamental issues of war and peace, the ethics of nuclear deterrence and the trajectory of Joseph Rotblat's career, from the Manhattan Project to the Pugwash Conference and his Nobel Prize. Rotblat's life-long mantra was that scientists have a moral responsibility to save lives, not destroy them. The integrity of both writers emerges powerfully and inspiringly from their wide-ranging discussions, which serve as a stark warning against the dangers of a resurgent atomic weapons race.
China's Cold War Science Diplomacy by Gordon Barrett Pdf
During the early decades of the Cold War, the People's Republic of China remained outside much of mainstream international science. Nevertheless, Chinese scientists found alternative channels through which to communicate and interact with counterparts across the world, beyond simple East/West divides. By examining the international activities of elite Chinese scientists, Gordon Barrett demonstrates that these activities were deeply embedded in the Chinese Communist Party's wider efforts to win hearts and minds from the 1940s to the 1970s. Using a wide range of archival material, including declassified documents from China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs Archive, Barrett provides fresh insights into the relationship between science and foreign relations in the People's Republic of China.
Leo Szilard conceived of the possibility of nuclear fission sustained by a chain reaction years before it was achieved in the laboratory. He was also one of the initiators of the atomic bomb project in the United States. Yet he dedicated his final years to the causes of understanding and sustaining life. The eminent physicist became a biologist and a vital force calling, for the control of nuclear and other weapons. This book documents Szilard's energetic attempts to influence public policy on arms control and disarmament issues, both through open political processes and statements and through behindthe-scenes contacts with Washington power sources and a remarkable exercise in personal diplomacy with Nikita Khrushchev. Many of the issues Szilard deals with in this valuable record of the years 1947-1963 are still crucial today. His opposition to antiballistic missile systems, his proposal for a Washington-Moscow "hot line," his work on the Pugwash conferences that brought together scientists from the East and the West, his pivotal role in the creation of the Council for a Livable World, his advocacy of a nuclear policy of no-first-use and restricted retaliation, and his support of "minimum deterrence" in place of an overwhelming counterforce capability - all these matters are as important in the 1980s as they were in the 1950s and 1960s. Helen S. Hawkins and G. Allen Greb are affiliated with the Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, University of California, San Diego. The late Gertrud Weiss Szilard also served as coeditor of the first two volumes of her husband's work: The Collected Works of Leo Szilard: Scientific Papersand Leo Szilard: His Version of the Facts. Barton J. Bernstein is professor in the Department of History, Stanford University.
Proceedings of the Forty-ninth Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs, Rustenburg, South Africa, 7-13 September 1999 by Joseph Rotblat Pdf
In September 1999, scientists and scholars from around the world, concerned with reducing the danger of armed conflict and seeking cooperative solutions to global problems, met under the auspices of the Pugwash conferences, the Nobel-Prize-winning organization. The proceedings deal with a broad range of issues, including: a nuclear-weapon-free world; emerging security threats; development; environment; and international governance.
The world total of some 50,000 nuclear warheads is beginning to fall off sharply. It should be well below 10,000 by the year 2000. Should the ultimate target be zero? The idea of a nuclear-weapon-free world (NWFW) was put back on the world agenda by President Gorbachev in 1986. President Reagan also had a vision of a world without nuclear weapons.
In a speech to the United Nations General Assembly in September 1961, President John F. Kennedy told his audience that "every man, woman, and child lives under a nuclear sword of Damocles, hanging by the slenderest of threads." In this sweeping, immersive, and now chillingly relevant history of nuclear confrontation, eminent historian and diplomat Rodric Braithwaite offers the tale of that slender thread, a tale that spans from the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 into the present. Here is an account of treaties and summits, of life-and-death strategy among nations, featuring a vast and varied cast of individuals--scientists, spies, diplomats, generals, politicians, shamans, writers, geniuses, the hight-minded and the crackpot--all ow whom played their part in shaping the Nuclear Age. As [this book] shows, containing atomic weapons has been a central preoccupation of global politics and policy for the last seven decades. In the years after World War II, atomic weapons were initially controlled only by the superpowers, first the United States, followed shortly by the former Soviet Union (mainly by having infiltrated the Manhattan Project), then developed in succession by England, France, China, India, and Pakistan. In recent years, North Korea has developed a nuclear weapons program and is now developing the means of delivering them. Nuclear proliferation has long dominated and even obsessed international diplomacy and policy, particularly as the capacity to unleash catastrophic destruction became widespread. Braithwaite offers an overview of policy from the Cold war reliance on what was termed "Deterrence," a policy of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), to the "Armageddon theology" of Ronald Reagan, to the de-alerting of nuclear weapons promised by both George W. Bush and Barack Obama, to the fire and fury driving the current war of tweeted insults. For nearly three-quarters of a century, nuclear weapons have shadowed human existence, moving from crisis to quiescence and back to crisis. Armageddon and Paranoia comes at a time when tensions are mounting once more. Though we cannot un-invent the atomic bomb, Braithwaite's clear-sighted and illuminating history provides a deeper understanding of how it has shaped the world in which we live. -- Dust jacket.
