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Author : Jiacheng Zhang
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : China
ISBN : CORNELL:31924050754344
Author : Denis Crispin Twitchett,John King Fairbank
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 1240 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : China
ISBN : 0521243335
International scholars and sinologists discuss culture, economic growth, social change, political processes, and foreign influences in China since the earliest pre-dynastic period.
Author : Malcolm K. Hughes,Henry F. Diaz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401111867
The Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age are widely considered to have been the major features of the Earth's climate over the past 1000 years. In this volume the issue of whether there really was a Medieval Warm Period, and if so, where and when, is addressed. The types of evidence examined include historical documents, tree rings, ice cores, glacial-geological records, borehole temperature, paleoecological data and records of solar receipts inferred from cosmogenic isotopes. Growth in the availability of several of these types of data in recent years, and technical advances in their derivation and use, warrant this state-of-the-art re-examination of Medieval Warm Period. The book will be of value to all those with an interest in the natural variability of the climate system, for example those concerned with anticipating and detecting anthropogenic climate change.
Author : M.E. Schlesinger
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 636 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483290942
The proceedings of this workshop provide a valuable review of the methodologies of climate observations during the past 150 years, together with a summary of their findings, and a description of the difficulties inherent in their interpretation. In addition the volume reviews the use of climate model simulations of greenhouse-gas-induced equilibrium and nonequilibrium change. Finally, the contributed papers consider the methodologies of climate change detection by comparison of model simulations and climate observations, a summary of findings, and a description of what should be done to detect GHG-induced climate change. The volume will be of particular interest to researchers and students in the fields of meteorology, atmospheric science, oceanography, global change and climate impact assessement. Scientists in related fields will find much of value also.
Author : Raymond S. Bradley
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 613 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1999-02-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080538347
Raymond S. Bradley provides his readers with a comprehensive and up-to-date review of all of the important methods used in paleoclimatic reconstruction, dating and paleoclimate modeling. Two comprehensive chapters on dating methods provide the foundation for all paleoclimatic studies and are followed by up-to-date coverage of ice core research, continental geological and biological records, pollen analysis, radiocarbon dating, tree rings and historical records. New methods using alkenones in marine sediments and coral studies are also described. Paleoclimatology, Second Edition, is an essential textbook for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students studying climatology, paleoclimatology and paleooceanography worldwide, as well as a valuable reference for lecturers and researchers, appealing to archaeologists and scientists interested in environmental change. * Contains two up-to-date chapters on dating methods * Consists of the latest coverage of ice core research, marine sediment and coral studies, continental geological and biological records, pollen analysis, tree rings, and historical records * Describes the newest methods using alkenones in marine sediments and long continental pollen records * Addresses all important methods used in paleoclimatic reconstruction * Includes an extensive chapter on the use of models in paleoclimatology * Extensive and up-to-date bibliography * Illustrated with numerous comprehensive figure captions
Author : Timothy Brook
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2023-11-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691253701
How climate change ushered in the collapse of one of history’s mighty empires In 1644, after close to three centuries of relative stability and prosperity, the Ming dynasty collapsed. Many historians attribute its demise to the Manchu invasion of China, but the truth is far more profound. The Price of Collapse provides an entirely new approach to the economic and social history of China, exploring how global climate crisis spelled the end of Ming rule. The mid-seventeenth century witnessed the deadliest phase of the Little Ice Age, when temperatures and rainfall plunged and world economies buckled. Timothy Brook draws on the history of grain prices to paint a gripping portrait of the final tumultuous years of a once-great dynasty. He explores how global trade networks that increasingly moved silver into China may have affected prices and describes the daily struggle to survive amid grain shortages and famine. By the early 1640s, as the subjects of the Ming found themselves caught in a deadly combination of cold and drought that defied all attempts to stave off disaster, the Ming price regime collapsed, and with it the Ming political regime. A masterful work of scholarship, The Price of Collapse reconstructs the experience of ordinary people under the immense pressure of unaffordable prices as their country slid from prosperity to calamity and shows how the market mediated the relationship between an empire and the climate that turned against it.
Author : John F. Richards
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 696 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520246782
Describes the effect of human action on the world's environment.
Author : Victor Lieberman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 977 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : History
ISBN : 9780521823524
Blending fine-grained case studies with overarching theory, this book seeks to rethink 1,000 years of Eurasian history.
Author : M. Yoshino,Manfred Domrös,Annick Douguédroit,J. Paszynski,L.C. Nkemdirim
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401710558
The impact of climate on human activities and the effect of humans on cli mate are two of the most important areas of inquiry in climatology. These interactions conducted through physical, chemical and biological process es were described as early as Roman and Greek times. Marcus Vitruvius (75-25 B. C. ), a famous Roman engineer and architect, made the following observation about the climatic conditions necessary for founding a city: Land ideal for the health is slightly elevated and there should be neither fog nor frost. The direction of the slope and the distance to the swamps, lakes, and beaches must also be considered. The prevailing wind directions, observed by a wind tower at the center of the city, like Horologium at Athens, should be taken into consideration in city planning. The main and narrow streets should be placed in the middle angle of the two prevailing wind directions. Then the location of the Pantheons and squares should be decided. The influence of humans on climate was a major subject for discussion in the 19th century, inspired in part, by the rapid industrial growth and expanding deforestation of the time. D. L. Howard wrote brilliant pieces on the climate of London in the 1830s, while G . P. Marsh discussed the effects of forests on precipitation in the U. S . A. in the second half of the 19th century.
Author : Robert B. Marks
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 469 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2017-02-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781442277892
This deeply informed and clearly written text provides a comprehensive and comprehensible history of China from prehistory to the present. Now updated to include recent political events and scientific research, the book focuses on the interaction of humans and their environment. Tracing changes in the physical and cultural world that is home to a fifth of humankind, Robert B. Marks illuminates the paradoxes inherent in China’s environmental narrative, demonstrating how historically sustainable practices can, in fact, be profoundly ecologically unsound. The author also reevaluates China’s traditional “heroic” storyline, highlighting the marginalization of nature and contacts with other peoples that followed the spread of Chinese civilization while examining the development of a distinctly Chinese way of relating to and altering the environment. Unmatched in his ability to synthesize a complex subject clearly and cogently, Marks has written an accessible yet nuanced history for any student interested in China, past or present, or indeed in the world’s environmental future.
Author : Takehiko Mikami
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789819951581
Author : Sam White,Christian Pfister,Franz Mauelshagen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781137430205
This handbook offers the first comprehensive, state-of-the-field guide to past weather and climate and their role in human societies. Bringing together dozens of international specialists from the sciences and humanities, this volume describes the methods, sources, and major findings of historical climate reconstruction and impact research. Its chapters take the reader through each key source of past climate and weather information and each technique of analysis; through each historical period and region of the world; through the major topics of climate and history and core case studies; and finally through the history of climate ideas and science. Using clear, non-technical language, The Palgrave Handbook of Climate History serves as a textbook for students, a reference guide for specialists and an introduction to climate history for scholars and interested readers.
Author : Mike Davis
Publisher : Verso Books
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781781683606
Examining a series of El Niño-induced droughts and the famines that they spawned around the globe in the last third of the 19th century, Mike Davis discloses the intimate, baleful relationship between imperial arrogance and natural incident that combined to produce some of the worst tragedies in human history. Late Victorian Holocausts focuses on three zones of drought and subsequent famine: India, Northern China; and Northeastern Brazil. All were affected by the same global climatic factors that caused massive crop failures, and all experienced brutal famines that decimated local populations. But the effects of drought were magnified in each case because of singularly destructive policies promulgated by different ruling elites. Davis argues that the seeds of underdevelopment in what later became known as the Third World were sown in this era of High Imperialism, as the price for capitalist modernization was paid in the currency of millions of peasants' lives.
Author : Weihong Qian
Publisher : Springer
Page : 687 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017-02-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811036415
By breaking down atmospheric variables into temporal climatologies and anomalies, this book demonstrates that all weather extremes and climatic events are directly associated with the anomaly component of atmospheric motion. We can use the anomaly-based synoptic chart and dynamical parameters to objectively describe these extremes and events. The conception and differences of weather, climate and general circulation tend to confuse us, because there are no clear physical definitions available for them. Weather extremes such as heat waves, cold surges, freezing rains, heavy rains, severe drought, unusual storm tracks, and tornados are common on our planet’s surface. Climatic events such as Arctic warming and declining sea ice have become hot topics in recent years. An approach based on breaking down total variables into temporal climatologies and anomalies can be used to identify general circulation, analyze climatic anomalies and forecast weather extremes. Accordingly, this book will appeal to students, teachers and forecasters in the field of weather and climate alike.
Author : Manfred Domrös,Gongbing Peng
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642733338
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949there has been a rapid advance in climatology in China. The number of climatological stations has increased from less than 100 to more than of Chinese climatologists covers various 2,000, and the research work fields. The climate of China is no longer just a description of the average weather for an area or locality, but covers many fields such as the monsoon climate, the fluctuation of climate, the spatial and temporal variations of the climatic elements and physical and dynam ic climate. Four books on the climate of China, written in Chinese, have been published so far. There is, however, no excellent book written in English on the climate of China, although Volume 8 of the World Survey oj Climatology, dealing with the climates of northern and eastern Asia, edited by H. Arakawa in 1969, contains a chapter on the climate of China and Korea written by LE. M. Watts. The data sources for China are based mainly on observations from 1940-1952 and the climatological charts of China published by the Central Weather Bureau of China in 1953 and 1955. This monograph on The Climate ojChina by Prof. Dr. M. Dom ros and Prof. Peng Gongbing is the first comprehensive and advanced book in English on the climate of China.