The Roots Of Old Chinese

Author : Laurent Sagart
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1999-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027236906

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The Roots of Old Chinese by Laurent Sagart Pdf

The phonology, morphology and lexicon of late Zhou Chinese are examined in this volume. It is argued that a proper understanding of Old Chinese morphology is essential in correctly reconstructing the phonology. Based on evidence from word-families, modern dialects and related words in neighboring languages, Old Chinese words are claimed to consist of a monosyllabic root, to which a variety of derivational affixes attached. This made Old Chinese typologically more like modern languages such as Khmer, Gyarong or Atayal, than like Middle and modern Chinese, where only faint traces of the old morphology remain. In the first part of the book, the author proposes improvements to Baxter's system of reconstruction, regarding complex initials and rhymes, and then reviews in great detail the Old Chinese affixal morphology. New proposals on phonology and morphology are integrated into a coherent reconstruction system. The second part of the book consists of etymological studies of important lexical items in Old Chinese. The author demonstrates in particular the role of proportional analogy in the formation of the system of personal pronouns. Special attention is paid to contact phenomena between Chinese and neighboring languages, and — unlike most literature on Sino-Tibetan — the author identifies numerous Chinese loanwords into Tibeto-Burman. The book, which contains a lengthy list of reconstructions, an index of characters and a general index, is intended for linguists and cultural historians, as well as advanced students.

Author : Axel Schuessler
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
Page : 679 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2006-12-31
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9780824861339

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ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese by Axel Schuessler Pdf

This is the first genuine etymological dictionary of Old Chinese written in any language. As such, it constitutes a milestone in research on the evolution of the Sinitic language group. Whereas previous studies have emphasized the structure of the Chinese characters, this pathbreaking dictionary places primary emphasis on the sounds and meanings of Sinitic roots. Based on more than three decades of intensive investigation in primary and secondary sources, this completely new dictionary places Old Chinese squarely within the Sino-Tibetan language family (including close consideration of numerous Tiberto-Burman languages), while paying due regard to other language families such as Austroasiatic, Miao-Yao (Hmong-Mien), and Kam-Tai. Designed for use by nonspecialists and specialists alike, the dictionary is highly accessible, being arranged in alphabetical order and possessed of numerous innovative lexicographical features. Each entry offers one or more possible etymologies as well as reconstructed pronunciations and other relevant data. Words that are morphologically related are grouped together into "word families" that attempt to make explicit the derivational or other etymological processes that relate them. The dictionary is preceded by a substantive and significant introduction that outlines the author’s views on the linguistic position of Chinese within Asia and details the phonological and morphological properties, to the degree they are known, of the earliest stages of the Chinese language and its ancestor. This introduction, because it both summarizes and synthesizes earlier work and makes several original contributions, functions as a useful reference work all on its own.

Author : Roger Hart
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780801899584

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The Chinese Roots of Linear Algebra by Roger Hart Pdf

A monumental accomplishment in the history of non-Western mathematics, The Chinese Roots of Linear Algebra explains the fundamentally visual way Chinese mathematicians understood and solved mathematical problems. It argues convincingly that what the West "discovered" in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries had already been known to the Chinese for 1,000 years. Accomplished historian and Chinese-language scholar Roger Hart examines Nine Chapters of Mathematical Arts—the classic ancient Chinese mathematics text—and the arcane art of fangcheng, one of the most significant branches of mathematics in Imperial China. Practiced between the first and seventeenth centuries by anonymous and most likely illiterate adepts, fangcheng involves manipulating counting rods on a counting board. It is essentially equivalent to the solution of systems of N equations in N unknowns in modern algebra, and its practice, Hart reveals, was visual and algorithmic. Fangcheng practitioners viewed problems in two dimensions as an array of numbers across counting boards. By "cross multiplying" these, they derived solutions of systems of linear equations that are not found in ancient Greek or early European mathematics. Doing so within a column equates to Gaussian elimination, while the same operation among individual entries produces determinantal-style solutions. Mathematicians and historians of mathematics and science will find in The Chinese Roots of Linear Algebra new ways to conceptualize the intellectual development of linear algebra.

Author : David Hinton
Publisher : Shambhala Publications
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-29
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781611807134

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China Root by David Hinton Pdf

A beautifully compelling and liberating guide to the original nature of Zen in ancient China by renowned author and translator David Hinton. Buddhism migrated from India to China in the first century C.E., and Ch'an (Japanese: Zen) is generally seen as China's most distinctive and enduring form of Buddhism. In China Root, however, David Hinton shows how Ch'an was in fact a Buddhist-influenced extension of Taoism, China's native system of spiritual philosophy. Unlike Indian Buddhism's abstract sensibility, Ch'an was grounded in an earthy and empirically-based vision. Exploring this vision, Hinton describes Ch'an as a kind of anti-Buddhism. A radical and wild practice aspiring to a deeply ecological liberation: the integration of individual consciousness with landscape and with a Cosmos seen as harmonious and alive. In China Root, Hinton describes this original form of Zen with his trademark clarity and elegance, each chapter exploring in enlightening ways a core Ch'an concept--such as meditation, mind, Buddha, awakening--as it was originally understood and practiced in ancient China. Finally, by examining a range of standard translations in the Appendix, Hinton reveals how this original understanding and practice of Ch'an/Zen is almost entirely missing in contemporary American Zen, because it was lost in Ch'an's migration from China through Japan and on to the West. Whether you practice Zen or not, taking this journey on the wings of Hinton's remarkable insight and powerful writing will transform how you understand yourself and the world.

Author : Schuyler Van Rensselaer Cammann
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1962
Category : Art objects, Chinese
ISBN : UCAL:$B361167

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Substance and Symbol in Chinese Toggles by Schuyler Van Rensselaer Cammann Pdf

Author : Zhongwei Shen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2020-06-04
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781107135840

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A Phonological History of Chinese by Zhongwei Shen Pdf

A one-stop, comprehensive account of the key developments in the phonological history of Chinese.

Author : Barbara Meisterernst
Publisher : Springer
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2018-12-28
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9789811319488

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New Perspectives on Aspect and Modality in Chinese Historical Linguistics by Barbara Meisterernst Pdf

This book presents new perspectives on the study of Aspect and Modality in Chinese Historical Linguistics. Based on the international Workshop on Aspect and Modality in Chinese, the book includes the latest research findings in the field to make them available not only to specialists in Classical and Buddhist Chinese, but also to researchers and students of general linguistics and of the universals of language. It also discusses different aspects of the AM (Aspect-Modality) and the TAM (Tense-Aspect-Modality) system of Chinese. It provides a comprehensive overview of both of the universally related systems of aspect and modality. The first part of the book focuses on aspectual features of Chinese; these include basic studies on the syntactic representation of the aspectual structure of the verb phrase in Archaic Chinese, the aspectual function of different object constructions and their development, temporal features of the verb phrase, and the aspectual functions of no minalization processes. The second part includes articles highlighting different aspects of the modal system or the interplay between tense, aspect and modality in Chinese, including a survey on the history of studies on modality in Chinese and the modal and temporal aspectual/markers indicating future meanings, a specialized study on modal deontic verbs in the Buddhist Vinaya texts, the modal function of rhetorical questions in Buddhist Chinese, and a study on the diachronic development of the aspectual and modal system in Chinese.

Author : Anita Steube
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 637 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2008-11-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110209303

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The Discourse Potential of Underspecified Structures by Anita Steube Pdf

The volume demonstrates the interdependence of man’s language capacity and his other conceptual capacities. This enables linguistic structures to be minimalised, and for extra-linguistic domains to provide much of the interpretations of sound and meaning. Underspecification is demonstrated in the word formation of Indo-European, Late Archaic Chinese and modern Khmer; on the word- and sentence levels by the event structures of German; and in the information structure predominantly of languages with the so-called free word order: German, Slavic languages, Arabic compared with English and the tone language Hausa. The volume is noteworthy due to the close cooperation between theoretical and experimental research. Within grammar, it has especially strengthened prosodic research and the syntax-phonology interrelations and their interpretations, and it has helped to create data bases for the relations within texts and to evaluate the findings.

Author : Giorgio Francesco Arcodia,Bianca Basciano
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2021-12-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780192587060

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Chinese Linguistics by Giorgio Francesco Arcodia,Bianca Basciano Pdf

This volume provides a broad introduction to Chinese linguistics, offering an accessible synthesis of the most relevant topics in the field. Despite the steady growth in interest in Chinese linguistics in recent years, this is one of very few books at introductory level written for a Western audience. The authors begin by outlining the history and typology of the Sinitic languages and the writing system of Chinese before moving on to discuss key topics in phonology, morphology and the lexicon, and syntax. Throughout the book, they incorporate and discuss examples from standard and non-standard varieties of Sinitic, and include new research on topics such as dialect writing, subjecthood, and word formation. The book will be a valuable reference both for researchers and scholars in the field of China studies and for linguists, including those with little or no previous knowledge of Chinese.

Author : Archibald Henry Sayce
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1890
Category : Comparative linguistics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105012398801

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Introduction to the Science of Language by Archibald Henry Sayce Pdf

Author : A. H. Sayce
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2019-07-23
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780429805226

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Introduction to the Science of Language by A. H. Sayce Pdf

First published in 1900, this is the second of two volumes of the magnum opus from pioneer assyriologist and linguist Rev. Archibald Sayce and continues directly from the first, providing an introduction to linguistic roots, inflectional families of speech, agglutinative, incorporating, polysynthetic and isolating languages, comparative mythology, the science of religion, the origin of language and the relation of language to ethnology, logic and education. In it, Sayce was the first to emphasize the principle of partial assimilation and the linguistic principle of analogy. This 4th edition, ten years after the first, reflected on the limitations of science revealed since 1890, in an era when languages, like other humanities subjects, still idealised scientific approaches. Archibald Henry Sayce was one of the greatest comparative linguists of the time, being proficient in Accadian, Arabic, Cuneiform, Chinese, Egyptian, Greek, Hebrew, Hittite, Japanese, Latin, Persian, Phoenician, Sanscrit and Sumerian. He had a good knowledge of every Semitic and Indo-European language and could write good prose in at least twenty languages. Sayce's first major contribution to scholarship was a highly significant translation of an Accadian seal, a 'bilingual text' from which to translate cuneiform, similar to the Rosetta Stone. Here then, no doubt, the reader learns from a master of comparative linguistics.

Author : Zhuo Jing-Schmidt
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027271419

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Increased Empiricism by Zhuo Jing-Schmidt Pdf

Increased Empiricism: Recent advances in Chinese Linguistics showcases recent trends in the co-development of theory and empiricism in Chinese linguistics. The volume tackles a wide range of theoretical and empirical problems in multiple subfields including sociolinguistics, discourse analysis, lexical semantics, pragmatics, phonetics and phonology, corpus linguistics, and Chinese second language acquisition. The contributions do not fall neatly into two sections traditionally labeled “theoretical” and “empirical”. Rather, theoretical discussions are buttressed by empirical evidence, and empirical analyses lead to theoretical generalizations. Furthermore, the volume transcends the functional-formal division, showing that empiricism not only empowers functional-typological and sociolinguistic research, but can also have a place in formally oriented linguistic analysis.

Author : Philipp Strazny
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 1304 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013-02-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781135455231

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Encyclopedia of Linguistics by Philipp Strazny Pdf

Utilizing a historical and international approach, this valuable two-volume resource makes even the more complex linguistic issues understandable for the non-specialized reader. Containing over 500 alphabetically arranged entries and an expansive glossary by a team of international scholars, the Encyclopedia of Linguistics explores the varied perspectives, figures, and methodologies that make up the field.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 534 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1872
Category : China
ISBN : UCD:31175033574651

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The China Review, Or, Notes and Queries on the Far East by Anonim Pdf

Author : Heidi Hoi Yee Kong
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Electronic
ISBN : UCAL:C3501415

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Roots of the Old China Trade by Heidi Hoi Yee Kong Pdf