The Science Of Crime Measurement

Author : Martin A. Andresen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781135006266

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The Science of Crime Measurement by Martin A. Andresen Pdf

Crime statistics are ubiquitous in modern society – but how accurate are they? This book investigates the science of crime measurement focussing on four main questions: how do we count crime? How do we calculate crime rates? Are there other measurements of crime? What are the issues surrounding crime statistics? All too often we take the measurement of crime at face value when there is, in fact, a science behind it. This book specifically deals with issues related to spatially-referenced crime data that are used to analyse crime patterns across the urban environment. The first section of the book considers alternative crime rate calculations. The second section of the book contains a thorough discussion of a measure of crime specialisation. Finally, the third section of the book addresses a number of aggregation issues that are present with such data: crime type aggregations, temporal aggregations of crime data, the stability of crime patterns over time, and the importance of spatial scale. This book builds on a growing body of literature on the science of crime measurement and offers a comprehensive account of this growing subfield of criminology. The book speaks to wider debates in the fields of crime analysis, environmental criminology and crime prevention and will be perfect reading for advanced level undergraduate and graduate students looking to find out more about the measurement of crime.

Author : Tim Newburn
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1863 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2017-02-22
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781317244257

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Criminology by Tim Newburn Pdf

Comprehensive and accessible, Tim Newburn’s bestselling Criminology provides an introduction to the fundamental themes, concepts, theories, methods and events that underpin the subject and form the basis for all undergraduate degree courses and modules in Criminology and Criminal Justice. This third edition includes: A new chapter on politics, reflecting the ever increasing coverage of political influence and decision making on criminology courses New and updated crime data and analysis of trends, plus new content on recent events such as the Volkswagen scandal, the latest developments on historic child abuse, as well as extended coverage throughout of the English riots A fully revised and updated companion website, including exam, review and multiple choice questions, a live Twitter feed from the author providing links to media and academic coverage of events related to the concepts covered in the book, together with links to a dedicated textbook Facebook page Fully updated to reflect recent developments in the field and extensively illustrated, this authoritative text, written by a leading criminologist and experienced lecturer, is essential reading for all students of Criminology and related fields.

Author : Lynn A. Addington
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2010-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780199805655

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Measuring Crime: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide by Lynn A. Addington Pdf

This ebook is a selective guide designed to help scholars and students of criminology find reliable sources of information by directing them to the best available scholarly materials in whatever form or format they appear from books, chapters, and journal articles to online archives, electronic data sets, and blogs. Written by a leading international authority on the subject, the ebook provides bibliographic information supported by direct recommendations about which sources to consult and editorial commentary to make it clear how the cited sources are interrelated related. A reader will discover, for instance, the most reliable introductions and overviews to the topic, and the most important publications on various areas of scholarly interest within this topic. In criminology, as in other disciplines, researchers at all levels are drowning in potentially useful scholarly information, and this guide has been created as a tool for cutting through that material to find the exact source you need. This ebook is a static version of an article from Oxford Bibliographies Online: Criminology, a dynamic, continuously updated, online resource designed to provide authoritative guidance through scholarship and other materials relevant to the study and practice of criminology. Oxford Bibliographies Online covers most subject disciplines within the social science and humanities, for more information visit www.aboutobo.com.

Author : Kimberly L. Kempf
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 371 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781461390091

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Measurement Issues in Criminology by Kimberly L. Kempf Pdf

Measurement Issues in Criminology examines the techniques and procedures crucial to successful research. Topics appropriate for specific research designs, data sources, and analytic techniques are identified, as well as topics for which such measurement methods are inappropriate. Subjects explored include ethical obligations and social research, the offender's perspective, longitudinal research design, advantages of time series studies over other procedures when investigating important ques- tions of process and change, and the strength and weakness of studies utilizing secondary data sources.

Author : Sharon L. Lohr
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2019-03-29
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780429577055

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Measuring Crime by Sharon L. Lohr Pdf

Every day, newspapers, magazines, web sites, and social media feature articles about the prevalence of crime. Some of these contradict each other; others use inaccurate statistics. Many people who see wildly diverging statistics conclude that no statistics should be trusted. However, the essence of the statistical discipline is that all statistics should be accompanied by a measure of their accuracy. This book looks at crime statistics from a statistical point of view, and evaluates the different sources of crime statistics with respect to completeness (i.e. missing data), measurement error, and sampling variability. The goal of the book is to promote statistical reasoning about statistics.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Modernizing the Nation's Crime Statistics
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2018-05-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309472616

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Modernizing Crime Statistics: Report 2 by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Modernizing the Nation's Crime Statistics Pdf

To derive statistics about crime â€" to estimate its levels and trends, assess its costs to and impacts on society, and inform law enforcement approaches to prevent it - a conceptual framework for defining and thinking about crime is virtually a prerequisite. Developing and maintaining such a framework is no easy task, because the mechanics of crime are ever evolving and shifting: tied to shifts and development in technology, society, and legislation. Interest in understanding crime surged in the 1920s, which proved to be a pivotal decade for the collection of nationwide crime statistics. Now established as a permanent agency, the Census Bureau commissioned the drafting of a manual for preparing crime statisticsâ€"intended for use by the police, corrections departments, and courts alike. The new manual sought to solve a perennial problem by suggesting a standard taxonomy of crime. Shortly after the Census Bureau issued its manual, the International Association of Chiefs of Police in convention adopted a resolution to create a Committee on Uniform Crime Records â€"to begin the process of describing what a national system of data on crimes known to the police might look like. Report 1 performed a comprehensive reassessment of what is meant by crime in U.S. crime statistics and recommends a new classification of crime to organize measurement efforts. This second report examines methodological and implementation issues and presents a conceptual blueprint for modernizing crime statistics.

Author : John MacDonald
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2017-09-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351506410

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Measuring Crime and Criminality by John MacDonald Pdf

Measuring Crime and Criminality focuses on how different approaches to measuring crime and criminality are used to test existing criminological theories. Each chapter reviews a key approach for measuring criminal behaviour and discusses its strengths or weaknesses for explaining the facts of crime or answers to central issues of criminological inquiry. The book describes the state of the field on different approaches for measuring crime and criminality as seen by prominent scholars in the field. Among the featured contributions are: The Use of Official Reports and Victimization Data for Testing Criminological Theories; The Design and Analysis of Experiments in Criminology; and Growth Curve/Mixture Models for Measuring Criminal Careers. Also included are papers titled: Counterfactual Methods of Causal Inference and Their Application to Criminology; Measuring Gene-Environment Interactions in the Cause of Antisocial Behaviour and What Has Been Gained and Lost through Longitudinal Research and Advanced Statistical Models? This volume of Advances in Criminological Theory illustrates how understanding the various ways criminal behaviour is measured is useful for developing theoretical insights on the causes of crime.

Author : Beth M. Huebner,Timothy S. Bynum
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781118868768

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The Handbook of Measurement Issues in Criminology and Criminal Justice by Beth M. Huebner,Timothy S. Bynum Pdf

This volume of the series was designed to provide a comprehensive primer on the existing best practices and emerging developments in the study and design research on crime and criminology. The work as a whole includes chapters on the measurement of criminal typologies, the offenders, offending and victimization, criminal justice organizations, and specialized measurement techniques. Each chapter is written by experts in the field and they provide an excellent survey of the literature in the relevant area. More importantly, each chapter provides a description of the various methodological and substantive challenges presented in conducting research on these issues and denotes possible solutions to these dilemmas. An emphasis was placed on research that has been conducted outside of the United States and was designed to give the reader a broader more global understanding of the social context of research. The goal of this volume is to provide a definitive reference for professionals in the field, researchers, and students. This volume in the Handbooks in Criminology and Criminal Justice series identifies the principal topical areas of research in this field and summarizes the various methodological and substantive challenges presented in conducting research on these issues. In each chapter, authors provide a summary of the prominent data collection efforts in the topical area, provide an overview of the current methodological work, discuss the challenges in the measurement of central concepts in the subject area, and identify new horizons emerging in data collection and measurement. We encouraged authors to discuss work conducted in an international context and to incorporate discussion of qualitative methodologies when appropriate.

Author : Doris L. MacKenzie,Phyllis Jo Baunach,Roy R. Roberg
Publisher : Suny Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Law
ISBN : STANFORD:36105038636671

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Measuring Crime by Doris L. MacKenzie,Phyllis Jo Baunach,Roy R. Roberg Pdf

The authors systematically explore and integrate available knowledge about the essential large data bases in criminological research. The book critically examines the way crime is measured, and the future of statistical methods in the National Crime Survey and the Uniform Crime Reports (FBI). A distinguished group of contributors discusses theoretical issues of crime measurement, analyzes the National Crime Survey (NCS), examines surveys and censuses for prisons and jails and their limitations, explores the use of archival data in criminological research and measuring homicide, and discusses implications for policy in the criminal justice arena.

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Committee on Law and Justice
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2003-01-18
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309086356

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Measurement Problems in Criminal Justice Research by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Committee on Law and Justice Pdf

Most major crime in this country emanates from two major data sources. The FBI's Uniform Crime Reports has collected information on crimes known to the police and arrests from local and state jurisdictions throughout the country. The National Crime Victimization Survey, a general population survey designed to cover the extent, nature, and consequences of criminal victimization, has been conducted annually since the early1970s. This workshop was designed to consider similarities and differences in the methodological problems encountered by the survey and criminal justice research communities and what might be the best focus for the research community. In addition to comparing and contrasting the methodological issues associated with self-report surveys and official records, the workshop explored methods for obtaining accurate self-reports on sensitive questions about crime events, estimating crime and victimization in rural counties and townships and developing unbiased prevalence and incidence rates for rate events among population subgroups.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Modernizing the Nation's Crime Statistics
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-04-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309472647

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Modernizing Crime Statistics: Report 2 by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Modernizing the Nation's Crime Statistics Pdf

To derive statistics about crime â€" to estimate its levels and trends, assess its costs to and impacts on society, and inform law enforcement approaches to prevent it - a conceptual framework for defining and thinking about crime is virtually a prerequisite. Developing and maintaining such a framework is no easy task, because the mechanics of crime are ever evolving and shifting: tied to shifts and development in technology, society, and legislation. Interest in understanding crime surged in the 1920s, which proved to be a pivotal decade for the collection of nationwide crime statistics. Now established as a permanent agency, the Census Bureau commissioned the drafting of a manual for preparing crime statisticsâ€"intended for use by the police, corrections departments, and courts alike. The new manual sought to solve a perennial problem by suggesting a standard taxonomy of crime. Shortly after the Census Bureau issued its manual, the International Association of Chiefs of Police in convention adopted a resolution to create a Committee on Uniform Crime Records â€"to begin the process of describing what a national system of data on crimes known to the police might look like. Report 1 performed a comprehensive reassessment of what is meant by crime in U.S. crime statistics and recommends a new classification of crime to organize measurement efforts. This second report examines methodological and implementation issues and presents a conceptual blueprint for modernizing crime statistics.

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,COMMITTEE ON LAW AND JUSTICE.,Committee on National Statistics
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 111 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2002-12-18
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0309384567

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Measurement Problems in Criminal Justice Research by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,COMMITTEE ON LAW AND JUSTICE.,Committee on National Statistics Pdf

Most major crime in this country emanates from two major data sources. The FBIâ (TM)s Uniform Crime Reports has collected information on crimes known to the police and arrests from local and state jurisdictions throughout the country. The National Crime Victimization Survey, a general population survey designed to cover the extent, nature, and consequences of criminal victimization, has been conducted annually since the early1970s. This workshop was designed to consider similarities and differences in the methodological problems encountered by the survey and criminal justice research communities and what might be the best focus for the research community. In addition to comparing and contrasting the methodological issues associated with self-report surveys and official records, the workshop explored methods for obtaining accurate self-reports on sensitive questions about crime events, estimating crime and victimization in rural counties and townships and developing unbiased prevalence and incidence rates for rate events among population subgroups.

Author : Melissa Smith,Nick Tilley
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781134010158

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Crime Science by Melissa Smith,Nick Tilley Pdf

This book provides an introduction to crime science, setting out its essentials. It provides a major statement of the nature and aspirations of crime science, and presents a series of case studies providing examples, in different settings, of the approach in action, ranging from preventing crime within correctional institutions to the use of techniques such as DNA fast tracking for burglary.

Author : Ted Vosk,Ashley F. Emery
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 457 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2014-09-26
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781439826201

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Forensic Metrology by Ted Vosk,Ashley F. Emery Pdf

Forensic metrology is the application of scientific measurement to the investigation and prosecution of crime. Forensic measurements are relied upon to determine breath and blood alcohol and drug concentrations, weigh seized drugs, perform accident reconstruction, and for many other applications. Forensic metrology provides a basic framework for th

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Crime analysis
ISBN : NYPL:33433067542443

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Criminal Justice 2000: Measurement and analysis of crime and justice by Anonim Pdf