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Author : Jürgen Gatz
Publisher : Peter Lang Publishing
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Investments, Foreign
ISBN : UCSD:31822025891896
Author : United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Economic forecasting
ISBN : UCSD:31822016837296
Author : Adrián de León-Arias,Patricio Aroca
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2021-10-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811631689
In this book, the dynamics of continuity and change in the regional economic development of Mexico and the US border states are analyzed. These studies cover the last 25 years, after the first trade agreement, between a developed and a developing country, tooks place, and where international trade and investment have been combined with a set of relevant local factors such as regional innovation, industrialization patterns, multinational corporations’ modes of operation, public investment, and national content of exports. The book offers researchers a precise identification of stylized facts that characterize the pattern of regional development in Mexico and the US Southwest as well as state-of-the-art applications contrasting hypotheses from new economic geography, endogenous and neo-Schumpeterian economic growth models, and new international trade. To graduate and advanced undergraduate students in the fields of spatial geographic economics, this book offers an excellent source for its updated review of current topics on regional development in Mexico. To policy makers, the book helps to identify policy areas to reinforce the dynamics of regional development. Whereas other books have looked at the several impacts of NAFTA on national economies, productive sectors, and societies, this book analyzes the trade agreement’s impact with a long-term view across the diversity of developments of Mexico ́s regions. As well, the analysis is carried out with the perspective of prospective reforms of a renovated trade agreement between the United States and the new Mexican federal administration . The collaborators in this book are researchers who are experts at the international and national levels in the field of regional economic development. During the last 25 years they have conducted their analyses in different regions of Mexico and the United States as university researchers, advisors to state and federal governments, and as practitioners.
Author : Daniel Lederman,William Francis Maloney,William F. Maloney,Luis Serven
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0804752400
Analyzing the experience of Mexico under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the authors draw lessons for other countries considering free trade agreements with the United States. The authors conclude that NAFTA raised external trade and foreign investment inflows and had a modest effect on Mexico’s average income per person. It is likely that NAFTA also helped achieve a modest reduction in poverty and an improvement in job quality. However, major obstacles remain to Mexico’s long term development—NAFTA is not enough. The main lesson for other countries is that free trade agreements offer opportunities to accelerate economic growth, but do not guarantee it.
Author : Karl-Guenther Illing
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 87 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2004-04-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783638269964
Diploma Thesis from the year 2004 in the subject Economics - Foreign Trade Theory, Trade Policy, grade: 1,3 (A), European Business School - International University Schloß Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel (Economic Policy and Political Economy), language: English, abstract: In January 1994, after two and a half years of negotiation, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) came into force. The treaty between Canada, Mexico and the United States has created the largest economic area in the world, slightly surpassing the European Union in market size. But NAFTA is also outstanding in a second aspect: it has constituted the first major regional integration arrangement between two highly developed countries, the United States and Canada, and a developing country, Mexico. The North-South nature of North American integration has polarized the debate about NAFTA from the earliest stage on. On the one hand it was unclear how much the U.S. would gain from the agreement. Would it stabilize its southern neighbor and thus benefit the U.S. economically and politically? Or would it cause the “giant sucking sound” Ross Perot feared, drawing thousands of jobs from the U.S. over the border (Thorbecke/Eigen-Zucchi 2002, p. 648)? Regarding these concerns, Canada was at most a side-player, possessing neither intense trade relations nor geographical proximity to Mexico. Mexico’s gains from NAFTA, on the other hand, seemed even more unsure. The agreement’s effects on the southern member state, whether positive or negative, were expected to be unequally greater than on the U.S. On the one hand, it seemed, Mexico could gain immensely through improved access to the North American market, increasing trade, attracting foreign investment, and importing growth and stability. On the other hand, some trade economists, such as Arvind Panagaria (1996, pp. 512-513) warned that Mexico could only lose when opening its market to its powerful northern neighbors, while receiving little in return that it would not have obtained anyway. Furthermore, would Mexico’s move towards regional integration hamper any further step into the direction of multilateral opening, after promising reforms had been started in the mid-1980s? Concerns also regarded the adverse effects of NAFTA within Mexico. These centered around large adjustment costs from sectoral restructuring and resource reallocation. This would occur if inefficient, partly subsidized Mexican industries declined after removing tariffs and non-tariff barriers, allowing the North American competition to enter the national market. In addition, would this hit mostly those Mexican regions that were poor anyway?
Author : Mr. M. Ayhan Kose,Mr. Christopher M. Towe,Mr. Guy Meredith
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2004-04-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451894813
This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the impact of NAFTA on growth and business cycles in Mexico. The effect of the agreement in spurring a dramatic increase in trade and financial flows between Mexico and its NAFTA partners, and its impact on Mexican economic growth and business cycle dynamics, are documented with reference both to stylized facts and recent empirical research. The paper concludes by drawing lessons from Mexico''s NAFTA experience for policymakers in developing countries. The foremost of these is that in an increasingly globalized trading system, bilateral and regional free trade arrangements should be used to accelerate, rather than postpone, needed structural reform.
Author : Dennis Pohlmann
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 73 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2007-07
Category : Economic development
ISBN : 9783638672054
Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: 1,0, Drury University (Breech School of Business Administration), course: International Economics, 19 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Many countries are reducing trade barriers and promoting regional economic integration. A result of this is the rising of free-trade areas in which the belonging countries trade freely among themselves without tariffs or trade restrictions. One example for a free-trade area is the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) founded by the U.S., Mexico and Canada. When NAFTA took effect on January 1, 1994, it created the world s largest free-trade zone with a combined population of over 416 million and a total GDP of $12 trillion. Of course, the U.S., as the world s largest single market, dominates the North American business environment. The goal of NAFTA is to eliminate all the trade barriers between the three countries over a 15-year period, completed in 2009. NAFTA also substantially reduces, but does not completely eliminate, nontariff trade barriers like import quotas, sanitary regulations, and licensing agreements. From the beginning, NAFTA had a lot of opponents in the U.S. as well as in Mexico. For example, U.S. labor unions feared a loss in jobs because of dislocating production from the USA to Mexico by reason of lower wages. In Mexico, farmers opposed and still opposing NAFTA because of the high U.S. subsidies on agricultural products that are imported to Mexico. There were also beliefs from environmental, social justice, and other advocacy organizations stating that NAFTA has unfavorable impacts on non-economic areas like public health or environment. On the other hand, Mexican proponents supporting NAFTA argued that open trade could reduce migration from Mexico into the U.S. in the long run since NAFTA brings an improvement of the Mexican economy relative to the U.S. economy (Acevedo & Espensh
Author : Clyde V. Prestowitz,Robert B. Cohen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105000230131
In this report, the Economic Strategy Institute explains how to structure a North American Free Trade Agreement to strengthen the U.S. economy and bolster the competitiveness of an increasingly integrated North American economy. The report begins with a description of U.S. and Mexican interests in the FTA, and an analysis of how they converge and diverge. It then details the assumptions about the Mexican economy and about the economic future of North America that have been driving U.S. policy. Following a critique of these assumptions, the study paints a detailed portrait of the Mexican economy as it is, not as many Americans wish it to be. The economic impact of the FTA being sought by the administration is gauged by describing recent quantitative and qualitative trends in U.S.-Mexico trade, discussing the body of econometric studies published to date on the FTA, and presenting the Institute's own projections, which are based on analyses not only of trade flows, but of investment flows and Mexican industrial policies. Finally, the report identifies a framework for U.S.-Mexico relations likely to strengthen the U.S. economy. It outlines the criteria that a successful agreement has to meet, and presents detailed recommendations on how to achieve these goals in areas ranging from trade and investment to energy and the environment.
Author : Kevin P. Gallagher,Lyuba Zarsky
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2007-07-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262262965
Analyzes the extent to which foreign investment in Mexico's information technology sector brought economic, social, and environmental benefits to Guadalajara. Foreign investment has been widely perceived as a panacea for developing countries—as a way to reduce poverty and kick-start sustainable modern industries. The Enclave Economy calls this prescription into question, showing that Mexico's post-NAFTA experience of foreign direct investment in its information technology sector, particularly in the Guadalajara region, did not result in the expected benefits. Charting the rise and fall of Mexico's “Silicon Valley,” the authors explore issues that resonate through much of Latin America and the developing world: the social, economic, and environmental effects of market-driven globalization. In the 1990s, Mexico was a poster child for globalization, throwing open its borders to trade and foreign investment, embracing NAFTA, and ending the government's role in strengthening domestic industry. But The Enclave Economy shows that although Mexico was initially successful in attracting multinational corporations, foreign investments waned in the absence of active government support and as China became increasingly competitive. Moreover, the authors find that foreign investment created an “enclave economy” the benefits of which were confined to an international sector not connected to the wider Mexican economy. In fact, foreign investment put many local IT firms out of business and transferred only limited amounts of environmentally sound technology. The authors suggest policies and strategies that will enable Mexico and other developing countries to foster foreign investment for sustainable development in the future.
Author : Joseph F. Francois,Clinton R. Shiells
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1996-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780788124099
This study is based on linking a 78-sector U.S. model with a 74-sector Mexican model and determines the effects of the free trade agreement (FTA) with Mexico and a NAFTA with Canada and Mexico on employment, production, prices, exports, and imports in all sectors. Charts and tables.
Author : Terry Lee Anderson
Publisher : San Francisco : Pacific Research Institute for Public Policy
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105009047460
Will NAFTA harm the earth? NAFTA's environmental impact, explored in detailed.
Author : Ratchanee Wattanawisitporn
Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Germany
ISBN : 9783865374516
Author : M. Villarreal,Ian F. Fergusson
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-02-28
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 154419417X
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) entered into force on January 1, 1994. The agreement was signed by President George H. W. Bush on December 17, 1992, and approved by Congress on November 20, 1993. The NAFTA Implementation Act was signed into law by President William J. Clinton on December 8, 1993 (P.L. 103-182). The overall economic impact of NAFTA is difficult to measure since trade and investment trends are influenced by numerous other economic variables, such as economic growth, inflation, and currency fluctuations. The agreement likely accelerated and also locked in trade liberalization that was already taking place in Mexico, but many of these changes may have taken place without an agreement. Nevertheless, NAFTA is significant, because it was the most comprehensive free trade agreement (FTA) negotiated at the time and contained several groundbreaking provisions. A legacy of the agreement is that it has served as a template or model for the new generation of FTAs that the United States later negotiated, and it also served as a template for certain provisions in multilateral trade negotiations as part of the Uruguay Round. The 115th Congress faces numerous issues related to NAFTA and international trade. President Donald J. Trump has proposed renegotiating NAFTA, or possibly withdrawing from it. Congress may wish to consider the ramifications of renegotiating or withdrawing from NAFTA and how it may affect the U.S. economy and foreign relations with Mexico and Canada. It may also wish to examine the congressional role in a possible renegotiation, as well as the negotiating positions of Canada and Mexico. Mexico has stated that, if NAFTA is reopened, it may seek to broaden negotiations to include security, counter-narcotics, and transmigration issues. Mexico has also indicated that it may choose to withdraw from the agreement if the negotiations are not favorable to the country. Congress may also wish to address issues related to the U.S. withdrawal from the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) free trade agreement among the United States, Canada, Mexico, and 9 other countries. Some observers contend that the withdrawal from TPP could damage U.S. competitiveness and economic leadership in the region, while others see the withdrawal as a way to prevent lower cost imports and potential job losses. Key provisions in TPP may also be addressed in 'modernizing' or renegotiating NAFTA, a more than two decade-old FTA. NAFTA was controversial when first proposed, mostly because it was the first FTA involving two wealthy, developed countries and a developing country. The political debate surrounding the agreement was divisive with proponents arguing that the agreement would help generate thousands of jobs and reduce income disparity in the region, while opponents warned that the agreement would cause huge job losses in the United States as companies moved production to Mexico to lower costs. In reality, NAFTA did not cause the huge job losses feared by the critics or the large economic gains predicted by supporters. The net overall effect of NAFTA on the U.S. economy appears to have been relatively modest, primarily because trade with Canada and Mexico accounts for a small percentage of U.S. GDP. However, there were worker and firm adjustment costs as the three countries adjusted to more open trade and investment. The rising number of bilateral and regional trade agreements throughout the world and the rising presence of China in Latin America could have implications for U.S. trade policy with its NAFTA partners. Some proponents of open and rules-based trade contend that maintaining NAFTA or deepening economic relations with Canada and Mexico will help promote a common trade agenda with shared values and generate economic growth. Some opponents argue that the agreement has caused worker displacement.
Author : Kevin P. Gallagher,Enrique Dussel Peters,Timothy A. Wise
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2009-11-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0982568304
Author : Alyshia Gálvez
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2018-09-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780520965447
Mexican cuisine has emerged as a paradox of globalization. Food enthusiasts throughout the world celebrate the humble taco at the same time that Mexicans are eating fewer tortillas and more processed food. Today Mexico is experiencing an epidemic of diet-related chronic illness. The precipitous rise of obesity and diabetes—attributed to changes in the Mexican diet—has resulted in a public health emergency. In her gripping new book, Alyshia Gálvez exposes how changes in policy following NAFTA have fundamentally altered one of the most basic elements of life in Mexico—sustenance. Mexicans are faced with a food system that favors food security over subsistence agriculture, development over sustainability, market participation over social welfare, and ideologies of self-care over public health. Trade agreements negotiated to improve lives have resulted in unintended consequences for people’s everyday lives.
