The Status Of Gender Integration In The Military Supporting Appendices

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1049830335

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The Status of Gender Integration in the Military. Supporting Appendices by Anonim Pdf

Women's participation in the military has been restricted since gender integration began. About 33,000 women served in World War I - 20,000 of them in the Army and Navy Nurse Corps, which were separate from the regular Army and Navy. In World War II, manpower shortages and reports of valuable performance by women in other countries' armed forces led the United States to utilize approximately 350,000 women for its own military effort. The attack on pearl Harbor resulted in the creation of the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) and Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES). Women typically filled nursing and administrative jobs, which were consistent with civilian women's work, although they also served in all other noncombat jobs. These 350,000 women who served in World War II were regarded as temporary support that would free more men for combat. After the war, women's future role with the military was called into question. In 1948, the year when racial integration was mandated by president Truman, Congress passed the Women's Armed Services Integration Act, which placed highly specific limits on the women who would now be allowed to join the Army. Women could make up no more than 2 percent of the total enlisted ranks; the proportion of female officers could equal no more than 10 percent of enlisted women. No woman could serve in a command position, attain the rank of general, or hold permanent rank above lieutenant colonel. This Act specifically prohibited women from being assigned to aircraft or vessels engaged in combat missions.

Author : Megan Beckett,Chiaying Sandy Chien
Publisher : Minnesota Historical Society
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0833031686

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The Status of Gender Integration in the Military by Megan Beckett,Chiaying Sandy Chien Pdf

Has opening new skills and units been enough to create equal opportunities for women in the U.S. military? Success has been mixed, in part because of the circumstances of individual occupations, and some issues affect men as much as they do women. This volume supplies supporting data for the analysis presented in the companion volume, MR-1380-OSD.

Author : Barton Hacker,Margaret Vining
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 678 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012-08-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789004212176

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A Companion to Women's Military History by Barton Hacker,Margaret Vining Pdf

This volume addresses the changing relationships between women and armed forces from antiquity to the present: eight chapters review the existing literature, an extended picture essay visually documents women’s military work, and eight chapters illustrate more restricted topics.

Author : Tanya L. Roth
Publisher : UNC Press Books
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781469664446

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Her Cold War by Tanya L. Roth Pdf

While Rosie the Riveter had fewer paid employment options after being told to cede her job to returning World War II veterans, her sisters and daughters found new work opportunities in national defense. The 1948 Women's Armed Services Integration Act created permanent military positions for women with the promise of equal pay. Her Cold War follows the experiences of women in the military from the passage of the Act to the early 1980s. In the late 1940s, defense officials structured women's military roles on the basis of perceived gender differences. Classified as noncombatants, servicewomen filled roles that they might hold in civilian life, such as secretarial or medical support positions. Defense officials also prohibited pregnant women and mothers from remaining in the military and encouraged many women to leave upon marriage. Before civilian feminists took up similar issues in the 1970s, many servicewomen called for a broader definition of equality free of gender-based service restrictions. Tanya L. Roth shows us that the battles these servicewomen fought for equality paved the way for women in combat, a prerequisite for promotion to many leadership positions, and opened opportunities for other servicepeople, including those with disabilities, LGBT and gender nonconforming people, noncitizens, and more.

Author : Mary Kopala,Merle Keitel
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 956 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2016-10-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781483385327

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Handbook of Counseling Women by Mary Kopala,Merle Keitel Pdf

The Handbook of Counseling Women, edited by Mary Kopala and Merle Keitel, draws together a nationally recognized group of contributing scholars and practitioners to address current theories, research, and issues relevant to the mental and physical well-being of women. Comprehensive and accessible, the Second Edition is organized into three parts covering theoretical, sociocultural, biological, and developmental considerations; assessment, diagnosis, and intervention; and supervision, research, and ethics. The reorganization of this new edition includes more sections and chapters giving special attention to such topics as women and poverty, intimate partner violence, women’s career barriers, and considerations for specific ethnic groups.

Author : Rand Corporation
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Abstracts
ISBN : UCSD:31822032731028

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Selected Rand Abstracts by Rand Corporation Pdf

Includes publications previously listed in the supplements to the Index of selected publications of the Rand Corporation (Oct. 1962-Feb. 1963).

Author : William Knarr,Jessica Turnley,Dona Stewart,Rich Rubright,Jason Quirin,Joint Special Joint Special Operations University
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-07
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1079039465

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Special Operations Forces Mixed-Gender Elite Teams by William Knarr,Jessica Turnley,Dona Stewart,Rich Rubright,Jason Quirin,Joint Special Joint Special Operations University Pdf

On 24 January 2013, the Secretary of Defense (SecDef) rescinded the 1994 Direct Ground Combat Definition and Assignment Rule (DCAR) that excluded women from assignment to units and positions whose primary mission is to engage in direct combat on the ground. In doing so, the SecDef directed the opening of all occupational specialties, positions and units to women; the validation of gender-neutral standards for those positions; and establishment of milestones for implementation. In a March 2013 memorandum, Commander USSOCOM directed several initiatives as a result of the SecDef's DCAR rescission. While other studies examined individual performance and standards, the JSOU Center for Special Operations Studies and Research examined the effects on team dynamics. The challenge for this study was to determine if changing the gender component of Special Operations Forces elite teams from single-gender (masculine) to mixed-gender would affect team dynamics in a way that would compromise the ability of the team to meet a mission objective.

Author : Jane L. Parpart,Patricia Connelly,Eudine Barriteau
Publisher : IDRC
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Feminism
ISBN : 9780889369108

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Theoretical Perspectives on Gender and Development by Jane L. Parpart,Patricia Connelly,Eudine Barriteau Pdf

Theoretical Perspectives on Gender and Development demytsifies the theory of gender and development and shows how it plays an important role in everyday life. It explores the evolution of gender and development theory, introduces competing theoretical frameworks, and examines new and emerging debates. The focus is on the implications of theory for policy and practice, and the need to theorize gender and development to create a more egalitarian society. This book is intended for classroom and workshop use in the fields ofdevelopment studies, development theory, gender and development, and women's studies. Its clear and straightforward prose will be appreciated by undergraduate and seasoned professional, alike. Classroom exercises, study questions, activities, and case studies are included. It is designed for use in both formal and nonformal educational settings.

Author : Anne W. Chapman
Publisher : Government Printing Office
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Education
ISBN : UOM:39015075668288

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Mixed-gender Basic Training by Anne W. Chapman Pdf

This volume is an account of the many currents, some ongoing, that informed the Army's struggle to design a basic training course acceptable to the nation's civil and military leadership, the general public, various special iterest groups, and the young men and women undergoing their first experience as soldiers. Employs a mixture of topical and chronological organization. The major focus is on the period from 1973 to 2004. Tells the Army's story of mixed-gender training at the initial-entry level.

Author : Stacy Fowler,Deborah A. Deacon
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2020-01-17
Category : Performing Arts
ISBN : 9781476637976

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A Century in Uniform by Stacy Fowler,Deborah A. Deacon Pdf

 From silents of the early American motion picture era through 21st century films, this book offers a decade-by-decade examination of portrayals of women in the military. The full range of genres is explored, along with films created by today's military women about their experiences. Laws regarding women in the service are analyzed, along with discussion of the challenges they have faced in the push for full participation and of the changing societal attitudes through the years.

Author : Rachel Woodward,Claire Duncanson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 580 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2017-06-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137516770

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The Palgrave International Handbook of Gender and the Military by Rachel Woodward,Claire Duncanson Pdf

The Palgrave International Handbook of Gender and the Military provides a comprehensive overview of the multiple ways in which gender and militaries connect. International and multi-disciplinary in scope, this edited volume provides authoritative accounts of the many intersections through which militaries issues and military forces are shaped by gender. The chapters provide detailed accounts of key issues, informed by examples from original research in a wealth of different national contexts. This Handbook includes coverage of conceptual approaches to the study of gender and militaries, gender and the organisation of state military forces, gender as it pertains to military forces in action, transitions and transgressions within militaries, gender and non-state military forces, and gender in representations of military personnel and practices. With contributions from a range of both established and early career scholars, The Palgrave International Handbook of Gender and the Military is an essential guide to current debates on gender and contemporary military issues.

Author : Margaret Conrad Devilbiss
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Sex discrimination against women
ISBN : 9781428993099

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Women and Military Service by Margaret Conrad Devilbiss Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Government Printing Office
Page : 1486 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2024-07-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Fiscal Year 2013 Appendix, Budget of the U.S. Government by Anonim Pdf

Presents detailed information on individual programs and appropriation accounts that constitute the budget. Includes for each Government department and agency the text of proposed appropriations language, budget schedules for each account, new legislative proposals, and explanations of the work to be performed and the funds needed, and proposed general provisions applicable to the appropriations of entire agencies or groups of agencies. NOTE: NO FURTHER DISCOUNTS FOR ALREADY REDUCED SALE ITEMS.

Author : Congressional Research Service
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2017-01-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1542450047

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Women in Combat by Congressional Research Service Pdf

Over the past two decades of conflict, women have served with valor and continue to serve on combat aircraft, naval vessels, and in support of ground combat operations. The expansion of roles for women in the Armed Forces has evolved since the early days of the military when women were restricted by law and policy from serving in certain occupations and units. Women have not been precluded by law from serving in any military unit or occupational specialty since 1993 when Congress repealed the remaining prohibitions on women serving on combatant aircraft and vessels. However, Department of Defense (DOD) policies have prevented women from being assigned to units below brigade level where the unit's primary mission was to engage directly in ground combat. This policy barred women from serving in infantry, artillery, armor, combat engineers, and special operations units of battalion size or smaller. On January 24, 2013, then-Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta rescinded the rule that restricted women from serving in combat units and directed the military departments and services to review their occupational standards and assignment policies and to make recommendations for opening all combat roles to women no later than January 1, 2016. On December 3, 2015, Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter ordered the military to open all combat jobs to women with no exceptions. This most recent policy change followed extensive studies that were completed by the military departments and by the Special Operations Command (SOCOM) on issues such as unit cohesion, women's health, equipment, facilities modifications, propensity to serve, and international experiences with women in combat. These studies also included a review and validation of gender-neutral occupational standards for combat roles where such standards existed. On March 10, 2016, Secretary Carter announced that the Services' and SOCOM's implementation plans for the integration of women into direct ground combat roles were approved. Some concerns about the implementation of the new policy remain, including the recruitment, assignment, and career management of women into the new roles, and the impact of integration on unit readiness. Congress has oversight authority in these matters, and may also consider issues such as equal opportunity, equal responsibility (such as selective service registration), and the overall manpower needs of the military.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Military Personnel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1404 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : History
ISBN : LOC:00068562442

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Hearings on National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000--H.R. 1401 and Oversight of Previously Authorized Programs Before the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, First Session by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Military Personnel Pdf