The Stigmatization Of Conspiracy Theory Since The 1950s

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The Stigmatization of Conspiracy Theory Since the 1950s

Katharina Thalmann
The Stigmatization of Conspiracy Theory Since the 1950s Book PDF

Author : Katharina Thalmann
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : History
ISBN : 042902035X

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The Stigmatization of Conspiracy Theory Since the 1950s by Katharina Thalmann Pdf

Are conspiracy theories everywhere and is everyone a conspiracy theorist? This ground-breaking study challenges some of the widely shared assessments in the scholarship about a perceived mainstreaming of conspiracy theory. It claims that conspiracy theory underwent a significant shift in status in the mid-20th century and has since then become highly visible as an object of concern in public debates. Providing an in-depth analysis of academic and media discourses, Katharina Thalmann is the first scholar to systematically trace the history and process of the delegitimization of conspiracy theory. By reading a wide range of conspiracist accounts about three central events in American history from the 1950s to 1970s - the Great Red Scare, the Kennedy assassination, and the Watergate scandal - Thalmann shows that a veritable conspiracist subculture emerged in the 1970s as conspiracy theories were pushed out of the legitimate marketplace of ideas and conspiracy theory became a commodity not unlike pornography: alluring in its illegitimacy, commonsensical, and highly profitable. This will be of interest to scholars and researchers interested in American history, culture and subcultures, as well, of course, to those fascinated by conspiracies.

The Stigmatization of Conspiracy Theory since the 1950s

Katharina Thalmann
The Stigmatization of Conspiracy Theory since the 1950s Book PDF

Author : Katharina Thalmann
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2019-03-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9780429670473

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The Stigmatization of Conspiracy Theory since the 1950s by Katharina Thalmann Pdf

Are conspiracy theories everywhere and is everyone a conspiracy theorist? This ground-breaking study challenges some of the widely shared assessments in the scholarship about a perceived mainstreaming of conspiracy theory. It claims that conspiracy theory underwent a significant shift in status in the mid-20th century and has since then become highly visible as an object of concern in public debates. Providing an in-depth analysis of academic and media discourses, Katharina Thalmann is the first scholar to systematically trace the history and process of the delegitimization of conspiracy theory. By reading a wide range of conspiracist accounts about three central events in American history from the 1950s to 1970s – the Great Red Scare, the Kennedy assassination, and the Watergate scandal – Thalmann shows that a veritable conspiracist subculture emerged in the 1970s as conspiracy theories were pushed out of the legitimate marketplace of ideas and conspiracy theory became a commodity not unlike pornography: alluring in its illegitimacy, commonsensical, and highly profitable. This will be of interest to scholars and researchers interested in American history, culture and subcultures, as well, of course, to those fascinated by conspiracies.

Conspiracy Theories

Jeffrey B. Webb
Conspiracy Theories Book PDF

Author : Jeffrey B. Webb
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2024-04-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781440877711

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Conspiracy Theories by Jeffrey B. Webb Pdf

Provides a comprehensive guide to the history and current shape of conspiracy theories in American life, including the findings of research seeking to understand their origins, type, function, and widespread appeal. This all-in-one resource provides an accessible overview of conspiracy theories past and present in all their many forms. Taking an even-handed, scholarly approach, the book outlines the longer history of conspiracy theories, starting with Ancient Greece and Rome and continuing the story up to the present day, including analysis of 9/11, anti-vaccine, COVID, and QAnon theories. It surveys an array of current books and articles to try to understand why people believe in and act on outlandish and evidence-free conspiracy theories. Notably, this resource also outlines the problems created by untrue conspiracy theories in terms of their negative impact on public debate, trust in others, and efforts to nurture an informed and educated citizenry. Instead, many conspiracy claims have become sources of misinformation, cynicism, and polarization. This book will benefit anyone who seeks a pathway through our current "epistemic crisis" in which the lines between fact and fiction-and between truth and falsehood-have become blurred.

Theory Conspiracy

Frida Beckman,Jeffrey R. Di Leo
Theory Conspiracy Book PDF

Author : Frida Beckman,Jeffrey R. Di Leo
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2023-09-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000958065

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Theory Conspiracy by Frida Beckman,Jeffrey R. Di Leo Pdf

Theory Conspiracy provides a state-of-the-art collection that takes stage on the meeting and/or battlegrounds between conspiracy theory and theory-asconspiracy. By deliberately scrambling the syntax—conspiracy theory cum theory conspiracy—it seeks to open a set of reflections on the articulation between theory and conspiracy that addresses how conspiracy might rattle the sense of theory as such. In this sense, the volume also inevitably stumbles on the recent debates on postcritique. The suspicion that our ways of reading in the humanities have been far too suspicious, if not paranoid, has gained considerable attention in a humanities continuously questioned as superfluous at best and leftist and dangerous at worst. The chapters in this volume all approach this problematic from different angles. It features clear engaging writing by a set of contributors who have published extensively on questions of paranoia, conspiracy theory, and/or the state of theory today. This collection will appeal to readers interested in conspiracy theories, critical theory, and the future of humanities.

Routledge Handbook of Conspiracy Theories

Michael Butter,Peter Knight
Routledge Handbook of Conspiracy Theories Book PDF

Author : Michael Butter,Peter Knight
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1043 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2020-02-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429840586

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Routledge Handbook of Conspiracy Theories by Michael Butter,Peter Knight Pdf

Taking a global and interdisciplinary approach, the Routledge Handbook of Conspiracy Theories provides a comprehensive overview of conspiracy theories as an important social, cultural and political phenomenon in contemporary life. This handbook provides the most complete analysis of the phenomenon to date. It analyses conspiracy theories from a variety of perspectives, using both qualitative and quantitative methods. It maps out the key debates, and includes chapters on the historical origins of conspiracy theories, as well as their political significance in a broad range of countries and regions. Other chapters consider the psychology and the sociology of conspiracy beliefs, in addition to their changing cultural forms, functions and modes of transmission. This handbook examines where conspiracy theories come from, who believes in them and what their consequences are. This book presents an important resource for students and scholars from a range of disciplines interested in the societal and political impact of conspiracy theories, including Area Studies, Anthropology, History, Media and Cultural Studies, Political Science, Psychology and Sociology.

Weaponizing Conspiracy Theories

Eirikur Bergmann
Weaponizing Conspiracy Theories Book PDF

Author : Eirikur Bergmann
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2024-08-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781040100004

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Weaponizing Conspiracy Theories by Eirikur Bergmann Pdf

This book analyses the discursive weaponization of conspiracy theories. In an era where truth and fiction converge, nativist populist leaders wield conspiracy theories as political weapons. This text examines the interplay between populism and conspiracism, probing their impact on democratic processes and exploring their broader political implications. The work dissects three predominant conspiracy theories: The Eurabia theory in Europe, the Deep State in the United States, and anti-Western narratives in Russia. It shows their evolution from fringe ideas to mainstream political tools and reveals the leaders’ triple strategy: Constructing external threats, demonizing internal elites, and positioning themselves as protectors of the ‘true people.’ It also examines how digital media facilitates the spread of these narratives, undermining institutional trust and fuelling extremism. Weaponizing Conspiracy Theories serves as a guide to recognize and navigate the distorted realities reshaping our world. It offers essential insights into the complex dynamics of 21st-century global politics. The author argues that to properly understand the functions of contemporary politics, into which conspiracy theories and populism are now deeply integrated, we must both examine the impact that conspiracy theories have on people’s understandings of the world and how populist politicians can appeal to these beliefs. The book will be of interest to students and scholars of conspiracy theories, populism, and contemporary politics.

Russia Today and Conspiracy Theories

Ilya Yablokov,Precious N Chatterje-Doody
Russia Today and Conspiracy Theories Book PDF

Author : Ilya Yablokov,Precious N Chatterje-Doody
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2021-06-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000433593

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Russia Today and Conspiracy Theories by Ilya Yablokov,Precious N Chatterje-Doody Pdf

The Russian international media outlet Russia Today (RT) has been widely accused in the Western world of producing government propaganda and conspiracy theories. This book explores for the first time the role that conspiracy theories actually play in the network’s broadcasts. More than this, it provides the first ever study of how the Russian government engages with conspiracy theories in the international arena, with a particular focus on the use of conspiracy theories as an instrument of public diplomacy. RT was established in 2005 to represent Russia to the world, and to present a Russian perspective on global events. Whilst some of RT’s more overtly conspiratorial output has been taken off the air, the network remains a source of significant concern for governments and intelligence agencies in Europe and North America. Now, more than ever, policymakers, journalists, academics, and intelligence services alike seek to understand the role RT plays in the Russian government’s foreign policy agenda. The authors use RT as a case study to investigate how global communication technologies influence the development and dissemination of conspiracy theories, which are also an important component of the post-Soviet Russian intellectual landscape and Kremlin-sponsored political discourse. This book will appeal to students and scholars of Politics and International Relations, Russian Studies, and Conspiracy Theories.

The Nature of Conspiracy Theories

Michael Butter
The Nature of Conspiracy Theories Book PDF

Author : Michael Butter
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2020-10-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781509540839

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The Nature of Conspiracy Theories by Michael Butter Pdf

Conspiracy theories seem to be proliferating today. Long relegated to a niche existence, conspiracy theories are now pervasive, and older conspiracy theories have been joined by a constant stream of new ones – that the USA carried out the 9/11 attacks itself, that the Ukrainian crisis was orchestrated by NATO, that we are being secretly controlled by a New World Order that keep us docile via chemtrails and vaccinations. Not to mention the moon landing that never happened. But what are conspiracy theories and why do people believe them? Have they always existed or are they something new, a feature of our modern world? In this book Michael Butter provides a clear and comprehensive introduction to the nature and development of conspiracy theories. Contrary to popular belief, he shows that conspiracy theories are less popular and influential today than they were in the past. Up to the 1950s, the Western world regarded conspiracy theories as a legitimate form of knowledge and it was therefore normal to believe in them. It was only after the Second World War that this knowledge was delegitimized, causing conspiracy theories to be banished from public discourse and relegated to subcultures. The recent renaissance of conspiracy theories is linked to internet which gives them wider exposure and contributes to the fragmentation of the public sphere. Conspiracy theories are still stigmatized today in many sections of mainstream culture but are being accepted once again as legitimate knowledge in others. It is the clash between these domains and their different conceptions of truth that is fuelling the current debate over conspiracy theories.

Conspiracy Theories

Joseph E Uscinski,Adam M Enders
Conspiracy Theories Book PDF

Author : Joseph E Uscinski,Adam M Enders
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2023-03-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781538173268

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Conspiracy Theories by Joseph E Uscinski,Adam M Enders Pdf

The second edition, updated throughout and now including Covid-19 and the 2020 presidential election and aftermath, introduces students to the research into conspiracy theories and the people who propagate and believe them. In doing so, it addresses the psychological, sociological, and political sources of conspiracy theorizing.

Conspiracy

Michael Shermer
Conspiracy Book PDF

Author : Michael Shermer
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2022-10-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781421444451

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Conspiracy by Michael Shermer Pdf

"The author discusses how we should think about conspiracy theories, who believes them and why, which conspiracy theories are likely to be true or false and what criteria we can use to assess them, and what we should do to combat dangerous conspiracism and reestablish trust in our democratic institutions, in the media, and in one another"--

Covid Conspiracy Theories in Global Perspective

Michael Butter,Peter Knight
Covid Conspiracy Theories in Global Perspective Book PDF

Author : Michael Butter,Peter Knight
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2023-02-07
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000846317

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Covid Conspiracy Theories in Global Perspective by Michael Butter,Peter Knight Pdf

Covid Conspiracy Theories in Global Perspective examines how conspiracy theories and related forms of misinformation and disinformation about the Covid-19 pandemic have circulated widely around the world. Covid conspiracy theories have attracted considerable attention from researchers, journalists, and politicians, not least because conspiracy beliefs have the potential to negatively affect adherence to public health measures. While most of this focus has been on the United States and Western Europe, this collection provides a unique global perspective on the emergence and development of conspiracy theories through a series of case studies. The chapters have been commissioned by recognized experts on area studies and conspiracy theories. The chapters present case studies on how Covid conspiracism has played out (some focused on a single country, others on regions), using a range of methods from a variety of disciplinary perspectives, including history, politics, sociology, anthropology, and psychology. Collectively, the authors reveal that, although there are many narratives that have spread virally, they have been adapted for different uses and take on different meanings in local contexts. This volume makes an important contribution to the rapidly expanding field of academic conspiracy theory studies, as well as being of interest to those working in the media, regulatory agencies, and civil society organizations, who seek to better understand the problem of how and why conspiracy theories spread. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Strategic Conspiracy Narratives

Mari-Liis Madisson,Andreas Ventsel
Strategic Conspiracy Narratives Book PDF

Author : Mari-Liis Madisson,Andreas Ventsel
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429670442

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Strategic Conspiracy Narratives by Mari-Liis Madisson,Andreas Ventsel Pdf

Strategic Conspiracy Narratives proposes an innovative semiotic perspective for analysing how contemporary conspiracy theories are used for shaping interpretation paths and identities of a targeted audience. Conspiracy theories play a significant role in the viral spread of misinformation that has an impact on the formation of public opinion about certain topics. They allow the connecting of different events that have taken place in various times and places and involve several actors that seem incompatible to bystanders. This book focuses on strategic-function conspiracy narratives in the context of (social) media and information conflict. It explicates the strategic devices in how conspiracy theories can be used to evoke a hermeneutics of suspicion – a permanent scepticism and questioning of so-called mainstream media channels and dominant public authorities, delegitimisation of political opponents, and the ongoing search for hidden clues and coverups. The success of strategic dissemination of conspiracy narratives depends on the cultural context, specifics of the targeted audience and the semiotic construction of the message. This book proposes an innovative semiotic perspective for analysing contemporary strategic communication. The authors develop a theoretical framework that is based on semiotics of culture, the notions of strategic narrative and transmedia storytelling. This book is targeted to specialists and graduate students working on social theory, semiotics, journalism, strategic communication, social media and contemporary social problems in general.

Contemporary Conspiracy Culture

Jaron Harambam
Contemporary Conspiracy Culture Book PDF

Author : Jaron Harambam
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000059335

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Contemporary Conspiracy Culture by Jaron Harambam Pdf

In this ethnographic study, the author takes an agnostic stance towards the truth value of conspiracy theories and delves into the everyday lives of people active in the conspiracy milieu to understand better what the contemporary appeal of conspiracy theories is. Conspiracy theories have become popular cultural products, endorsed and shared by significant segments of Western societies. Yet our understanding of who these people are and why they are attracted by these alternative explanations of reality is hampered by their implicit and explicit pathologization. Drawing on a wide variety of empirical sources, this book shows in rich detail what conspiracy theories are about, which people are involved, how they see themselves, and what they practically do with these ideas in their everyday lives. The author inductively develops from these concrete descriptions more general theorizations of how to understand this burgeoning subculture. He concludes by situating conspiracy culture in an age of epistemic instability where societal conflicts over knowledge abound, and the Truth is no longer assured, but "out there" for us to grapple with. This book will be an important source for students and scholars from a range of disciplines interested in the depth and complexity of conspiracy culture, including Anthropology, Cultural Studies, Communication Studies, Ethnology, Folklore Studies, History, Media Studies, Political Science, Psychology and Sociology. More broadly, this study speaks to contemporary (public) debates about truth and knowledge in a supposedly post-truth era, including widespread popular distrusts towards elites, mainstream institutions and their knowledge.

Why Delusions Matter

Lisa Bortolotti
Why Delusions Matter Book PDF

Author : Lisa Bortolotti
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2023-07-13
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781350163324

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Why Delusions Matter by Lisa Bortolotti Pdf

When we talk about delusions we may refer to symptoms of mental health problems, such as clinical delusions in schizophrenia, or simply the beliefs that people cling to which are implausible and resistant to counterevidence; these can include anything from beliefs about the benefits of homeopathy to concerns about the threat of alien abduction. Why do people adopt delusional beliefs and why are they so reluctant to part with them? In Why Delusions Matter, Lisa Bortolotti explains what delusions really are and argues that, despite their negative reputation, they can also play a positive role in people's lives, imposing some meaning on adverse experiences and strengthening personal or social identities. In a clear and accessible style, Bortolotti contributes to the growing research on the philosophy of the cognitive sciences, offering a novel and nuanced view of delusions.

The Routledge Companion to Media Disinformation and Populism

Howard Tumber,Silvio Waisbord
The Routledge Companion to Media Disinformation and Populism Book PDF

Author : Howard Tumber,Silvio Waisbord
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 695 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2021-03-23
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781000346787

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The Routledge Companion to Media Disinformation and Populism by Howard Tumber,Silvio Waisbord Pdf

This companion brings together a diverse set of concepts used to analyse dimensions of media disinformation and populism globally. The Routledge Companion to Media Disinformation and Populism explores how recent transformations in the architecture of public communication and particular attributes of the digital media ecology are conducive to the kind of polarised, anti-rational, post-fact, post-truth communication championed by populism. It is both interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary, consisting of contributions from both leading and emerging scholars analysing aspects of misinformation, disinformation, and populism across countries, political systems, and media systems. A global, comparative approach to the study of misinformation and populism is important in identifying common elements and characteristics, and these individual chapters cover a wide range of topics and themes, including fake news, mediatisation, propaganda, alternative media, immigration, science, and law-making, to name a few. This companion is a key resource for academics, researchers, and policymakers as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students in the fields of political communication, journalism, law, sociology, cultural studies, international politics and international relations.