The Strain Of Representation

Author : Robert Rohrschneider,Stephen Whitefield
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2012-08-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191612312

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The Strain of Representation by Robert Rohrschneider,Stephen Whitefield Pdf

The Strain of Representation assesses and explains the extent to which political parties across Europe as a whole have succeeded in representing diverse voters. The authors note two important features of the European political landscape that complicate the task of assessing party representation and that require its reassessment: First, the emergence of new democracies in post-Communist Central and Eastern Europe point to the possibility that representation is not only differentially achieved in West and East but may also be attained by different mechanisms. Second, parties in both West and East must now seek to represent voters that are increasingly diverse, specifically between partisan and independent supporters. The book refers to the challenges of representation of diverse voters as 'the strain of representation'. The evidential basis for the empirical analysis are expert surveys conducted in 24 European countries on party positions that have been merged with other available data on voters, party characteristics, and country conditions. The results point to both the representational capacities of parties in West and East and to the strain that parties face in representing diverse voters.

Author : Robert Rohrschneider,Stephen Whitefield
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 219 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-08-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780199652785

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The Strain of Representation by Robert Rohrschneider,Stephen Whitefield Pdf

The Strain of Representation examines the quality of democratic representation in Europe, focusing on the way that political parties channel the preferences of different groups of citizens into government policies.

Author : Robert Rohrschneider,Jacques Thomassen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 731 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-07-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780192558695

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The Oxford Handbook of Political Representation in Liberal Democracies by Robert Rohrschneider,Jacques Thomassen Pdf

The Handbook of Political Representation in Liberal Democracies offers a state-of-the-art assessment of the functioning of political representation in liberal democracies. In 34 chapters the world's leading scholars on the various aspects of political representation address eight broad themes: The concept and theories of political representation, its history and the main requisites for its development; elite orientations and behavior; descriptive representation; party government and representation; non-electoral forms of political participation and how they relate to political representation; the challenges to representative democracy originating from the growing importance of non-majoritarian institutions and social media; the rise of populism and its consequences for the functioning of representative democracy; the challenge caused by economic and political globlization: what does it mean for the functioning of political representation at the national leval and is it possible to develop institutions of representative democracy at a level above the state that meet the normative criteria of representative democracy and are supported by the people? The various chapters offer a comprehensive review of the literature on the various aspects of political representation. The main organizing principle of the Handbook is the chain of political representation, the chain connecting the interests and policy preferences of the people to public policy via political parties, parliament, and government. Most of the chapters assessing the functioning of the chain of political representation and its various links are based on original comparative political research. Comparative research on political representation and its various subfields has developed dramatically over the last decades so that even ten years ago a Handbook like this would have looked totally different.

Author : William Kingdon Clifford
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1878
Category : Dynamics
ISBN : WISC:89098337249

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Elements of Dynamic by William Kingdon Clifford Pdf

Author : J. C. Jaeger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401160247

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Elasticity, Fracture and Flow by J. C. Jaeger Pdf

IN this monograph I have attempted to set out, in as elemen tary a form as possible, the basic mathematics of the theories of elasticity, plasticity, viscosity, and rheology, together with a discussion of the properties of the materials involved and the way in which they are idealized to form a basis for the mathe matical theory. There are many mathematical text-books on these subjects, but they are largely devoted to methods for the solution of special problems, and, while the present book may be regarded as an introduction to these, it is also in tended for the large class of readers such as engineers and geologists who are more interested in the detailed analysis of stress and strain, the properties of some of the materials they use, criteria for flow and fracture, and so on, and whose interest in the theory is rather in the assumptions involved in it and the way in which they affect the solutions than in the study of special problems. The first chapter develops the analysis of stress and strain rather fully, giving, in particular, an account of Mohr's repre sentations of stress and of finite homogeneous strain in three dimensions. In the second chapter, on the behaviour of materials, the stress-strain relations for elasticity (both for isotropic and simple anisotropic substances), viscosity, plas ticity and some of the simpler rheological models are described.

Author : P. R. Cobbold,W. M. Schwerdtner
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2015-12-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781483190624

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Strain Patterns in Rocks by P. R. Cobbold,W. M. Schwerdtner Pdf

Strain Patterns in Rocks is a selection of papers presented at the international workshop, held in Rennes on May 13-14, 1982. The book presents papers on the techniques of strain measurement; an orthographic analysis of deformation; and the applications of the Mohr circle to inhomogeneous deformation. The text also includes papers on the methods of strain removal; a general transformation to simulate heterogeneous strain states; the significance of isotropic points; and the detection of volume changes. Papers on the analyses of strain discontinuity at interfaces; strain refraction through contrasting layers; and strain patterns in ductile shear zones and at the tips to shear and thrust zones are also considered. The book further includes papers on the natural strain patterns: in mylonite zones, in granites, in Alpine nappes, in linearly anisotropic rocks, in an ice cap and in a boudin model.

Author : Pauli Pedersen,Martin P. Bendsøe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2006-04-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306469398

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IUTAM Symposium on Synthesis in Bio Solid Mechanics by Pauli Pedersen,Martin P. Bendsøe Pdf

This book contains the edited version of invited lectures presented at the IUTAM-Sym- sium Synthesis in Bio Solid Mechanics, held at Hotel Frederiksdal, Virum (Copenhagen), Denmark, May 24 to May 27, 1998. The symposium was attended by 48 scientist from 14 countries. Biomechanics has been a very active research area in the last 25 years and covers a very broad class of problems. The present symposium concentrated on the solid mechanics - main of biomechanics, where important problems of synthesis presently are an active and challenging part. Characteristics of biomechanical materials are not only the inhomogeneity and anisotropy, but also the capability to change in relation to actual use. These living materials call for new methods of analysis and also new methods for synthesis. By the synthesis in this context is meant design of implants or artificial control of material growth. Bone mechanics is closely related to recent work on analysis and design of microstructural anisotropic materials. Also, recent work in shape design can to some extent be useful in the more complicated problems of biomechanics. Here interface problems play an essential role. The symposium brought together scientists from mechanics, mathematics and medicine.

Author : Krzysztof Iniewski
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 601 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2017-12-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781351831918

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Smart Sensors for Industrial Applications by Krzysztof Iniewski Pdf

Sensor technologies are a rapidly growing area of interest in science and product design, embracing developments in electronics, photonics, mechanics, chemistry, and biology. Their presence is widespread in everyday life, where they are used to sense sound, movement, and optical or magnetic signals. The demand for portable and lightweight sensors is relentless in several industries, from consumer electronics to biomedical engineering to the military. Smart Sensors for Industrial Applications brings together the latest research in smart sensors technology and exposes the reader to myriad applications that this technology has enabled. Organized into five parts, the book explores: Photonics and optoelectronics sensors, including developments in optical fibers, Brillouin detection, and Doppler effect analysis. Chapters also look at key applications such as oxygen detection, directional discrimination, and optical sensing. Infrared and thermal sensors, such as Bragg gratings, thin films, and microbolometers. Contributors also cover temperature measurements in industrial conditions, including sensing inside explosions. Magnetic and inductive sensors, including magnetometers, inductive coupling, and ferro-fluidics. The book also discusses magnetic field and inductive current measurements in various industrial conditions, such as on airplanes. Sound and ultrasound sensors, including underwater acoustic modem, vibrational spectroscopy, and photoacoustics. Piezoresistive, wireless, and electrical sensors, with applications in health monitoring, agrofood, and other industries. Featuring contributions by experts from around the world, this book offers a comprehensive review of the groundbreaking technologies and the latest applications and trends in the field of smart sensors.

Author : Camille Duprat,Howard A. Shore
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 498 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2015-11-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781849738132

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Fluid-Structure Interactions in Low-Reynolds-Number Flows by Camille Duprat,Howard A. Shore Pdf

An approachable introduction to low Reynolds number flows and elasticity for those new to the area across engineering, physics, chemistry and biology.

Author : Sergei Alexandrov
Publisher : Trans Tech Publications Ltd
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2009-05-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783038132509

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Deformation Processes of Rigid Plastic Materials by Sergei Alexandrov Pdf

Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters BCI (WoS). This special issue presents a series of papers written of a group of leading scientists working in the field of the mechanics of plastic deformation.

Author : Steven Lepi
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 550 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1998-03-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 0824700759

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Practical Guide to Finite Elements by Steven Lepi Pdf

Assuming only basic knowledge of mathematics and engineering mechanics, this lucid reference introduces the fundamentals of finite element theory using easy-to-understand terms and simple problems-systematically grounding the practitioner in the basic principles then suggesting applications to more general cases. Furnishes a wealth of practical insights drawn from the extensive experience of a specialist in the field! Generously illustrated with over 200 detailed drawings to clarify discussions and containing key literature citations for more in-depth study of particular topics, this clearly written resource is an exceptional guide for mechanical, civil, aeronautic, automotive, electrical and electronics, and design engineers; engineering managers; and upper-level undergraduate, graduate, and continuing-education students in these disciplines.

Author : Neil McCartney
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 596 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781118485286

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Properties for Design of Composite Structures by Neil McCartney Pdf

PROPERTIES FOR DESIGN OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES A comprehensive guide to analytical methods and source code to predict the behavior of undamaged and damaged composite materials In Properties for Design of Composite Structures: Theory and Implementation Using Software, distinguished researcher Dr. Neil McCartney delivers a unique and insightful approach to the development of predictive methods for the properties of undamaged and damaged laminated composite materials. The book focuses on presenting compact analytical formulae for several important effective properties—including mechanical, thermal, and electrical—that can be applied to a variety of reinforcement geometries. The author introduces a compact notation that enables an explicit treatment of laminate property determination, including the out-of-plane shear properties required for three-dimensional numerical simulations of structural features using finite and boundary element analyses. There is also a detailed consideration of ply crack closure and a useful study of the interrelationships between the effective thermoelastic constants of damaged laminates. The book also offers: A thorough introduction to the principles and formulae for homogenous materials and applications, including continuum and fracture concepts for homogeneous materials A comprehensive exploration of the properties of undamaged composites, including undamaged composite materials with multiple phases and the properties of a single undamaged lamina Practical discussions of the properties of damaged composites, including matrix cracking in UD composites and damaged laminates Consideration of effects of delamination, fatigue, and environmentally induced damage In-depth examinations of derivations of key results, including the analysis of bridged cracks and stress transfer mechanics for cross-ply and general symmetric laminates Perfect for composite design engineers in all types of material-supplying industries and manufacturing companies, Properties for Design of Composite Structures: Theory and Implementation Using Software will also earn a place in the libraries of undergraduate and graduate students in engineering, aerospace, and materials departments.

Author : Benjamin Loret,Fernando Manuel Fernandes Simoes
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 875 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2017-05-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781351617093

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Biomechanical Aspects of Soft Tissues by Benjamin Loret,Fernando Manuel Fernandes Simoes Pdf

Biomechanics applies the laws and techniques of mechanics in the study of biological systems and related phenomena. Biomechanics uses mathematical and computational tools such as model construction of musclo-skeletal system, body fluid circulation, to aid medical diagnosis, therapeutics and surgery planning, designing of prostheses and implants or in tissue engineering. Present book targets specific topics pertaining to the biomechanics of soft tissues. Subjects addressed includes solids and multi-species mixtures as open systems: a continuum mechanics perspective; electro-chemo-mechanical couplings: tissues with a fixed electric charge and growth of biological tissues.

Author : Peter Knee
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 71 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2022-05-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031015199

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Sparse Representations for Radar with MATLAB Examples by Peter Knee Pdf

Although the field of sparse representations is relatively new, research activities in academic and industrial research labs are already producing encouraging results. The sparse signal or parameter model motivated several researchers and practitioners to explore high complexity/wide bandwidth applications such as Digital TV, MRI processing, and certain defense applications. The potential signal processing advancements in this area may influence radar technologies. This book presents the basic mathematical concepts along with a number of useful MATLAB® examples to emphasize the practical implementations both inside and outside the radar field. Table of Contents: Radar Systems: A Signal Processing Perspective / Introduction to Sparse Representations / Dimensionality Reduction / Radar Signal Processing Fundamentals / Sparse Representations in Radar

Author : Stephen C. Cowin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 435 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461450252

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Continuum Mechanics of Anisotropic Materials by Stephen C. Cowin Pdf

Continuum Mechanics of Anisotropic Materials(CMAM) presents an entirely new and unique development of material anisotropy in the context of an appropriate selection and organization of continuum mechanics topics. These features will distinguish this continuum mechanics book from other books on this subject. Textbooks on continuum mechanics are widely employed in engineering education, however, none of them deal specifically with anisotropy in materials. For the audience of Biomedical, Chemical and Civil Engineering students, these materials will be dealt with more frequently and greater accuracy in their analysis will be desired. Continuum Mechanics of Anisotropic Materials' author has been a leader in the field of developing new approaches for the understanding of anisotropic materials.