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Author : Nathan Gonzalez
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1597972584
Clarifies the true nature of Iraq's sectarian civil war
Author : Nathan Gonzalez
Publisher : Nortia Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2009-12-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780984225200
Moving beyond tired descriptions of the Middle East as a land of ideological fanatics, Nathan Gonzalez provides an account of the cold political interests behind a conflict that has led to the fight between members of the Sunni and Shia sects of Islam.
Author : Sabrina Mervin,Rainer Brunner,Jean-François Legrain,Joseph Alagha,Reidar Visser,Thomas Pierret,Roel Meijer,Joas Wagemakers,Stéphane A. Dudoignon,Farian Sabahi,Mariam Abou Zahab,Bayram Balci,Altay Goyushov,Brecht De Smet
Publisher : Hurst Publishers
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-05-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781849042178
Sheds light on the political, sociological and ideological processes that are affecting the dynamics of Sunni-Shia relations
Author : Heather S. Gregg,John Arquilla,Hy S. Rothstein
Publisher : Potomac Books, Inc.
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : History
ISBN : 9781597976022
The conflict in Iraq is characterized by three faces of war: interstate conflict, civil war, and insurgency. The Coalition's invasion of Iraq in March 2003 began as an interstate war. No sooner had Saddam Hussein been successfully deposed, however, than U.S.-led forces faced a lethal insurgency. After Sunni al Qaeda in Iraq bombed the Shia al-Askari Shrine in 2006, the burgeoning conflict took on the additional element of civil war with sectarian violence between the Sunni and the Shia. The most effective strategies in a war as complicated as the three-level conflict in Iraq are intertwined and complementary, according to the editors of this volume. For example, the "surge" in U.S. troops in 2007 went beyond an increase in manpower; the mission had changed, giving priority to public security. This new direction also simultaneously addressed the insurgency as well as the civil war by forging new, trusting relationships between Americans and Iraqis and between Sunni and Shia. This book has broad implications for future decisions about war and peace in the twenty-first century.
Author : Mohammad Inamullah
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1436328764
America's invasion of Iraq is one of the most controversial issues of our day. It seems to be a subject that creates more questions than answers. We've all heard the official explanations of the American government: Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction and he had to be stopped before he could attack the United States. But since no such weapons were ever found, people both in the U.S. and around the world wonder if there might not have been other motives behind the invasion. This book explores some very real possibilities. Did it have to do with oil? After all, Iraq has some of the largest petroleum reserves in the world. While that is certainly a contributing factor, the truth is most likely much deeper than simple economic posturing. In fact, it involves a global strategy by the Bush administration to try to gain control over events in the Middle East by driving a wedge between the already divided Sunni and Shia sects of the Islamic religion. The history of the Shia / Sunni conflict is examined from a historical, theological and political perspective. It is clear that those who now see a way to benefit from these divisions are intent on exploiting them as fully as possible. The United States government is well aware of the growing movement within the Muslim world to build a unified, worldwide caliphate, and perceives this to be a threat to its national security. The invasion of Iraq is but one part (though a major part) of a global strategy to keep these groups fighting one another. So long as this is happening they will be off balance, weakened and in no position to launch attacks against the United States. The many events that support this theory are chronicled in painstaking detail. The war in Iraq is shown to the reader in a way that has previously been overlooked. Iraq has become a pawn in a global power struggle involving politics, religion and money. There are many players behind the scenes with hidden agendas and secretive motives. Sectarian violence between Sunni and Shia groups has ripped the nation of Iraq apart and led to unspeakable amounts of suffering and death, primarily amongst civilians. Was all of this a surprise to American policy planners? Or was it exactly what could have been predicted? This violence and hatred between warring religious factions can and will spread to other nations. Is this what we want for the remainder of the 21st century, and maybe even beyond? Such a future would indeed be bleak if people are kept in ignorance about what is really going on in the world. The American people are entitled to the truth. The people of the Middle East and of the entire world are too. And a serious, hard-hitting look at exactly what has happened in Iraq is a good place to start.
Author : James DeFronzo
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429964954
This book explains why the Iraq War took place, and the war's impacts on Iraq, the United States, the Middle East, and other nations around the world. It explores conflict's potential consequences for future rationales for war, foreign policy, the United Nations, and international law and justice.
Author : Frederic M. Wehrey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 423 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190876050
This collection seeks to advance our understanding of intra-Islamic identity conflict during a period of upheaval in the Middle East. Instead of treating distinctions between and within Sunni and Shia Islam as primordial and immutable, it examines how political economy, geopolitics, domestic governance, social media, non- and sub-state groups, and clerical elites have affected the transformation and diffusion of sectarian identities. Particular attention is paid to how conflicts over distribution of political and economic power have taken on a sectarian quality, and how a variety of actors have instrumentalized sectarianism. The volume, covering Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia and the Gulf, Iran, and Egypt, includes contributors from a broad array of disciplines including political science, history, sociology, and Islamic studies. Beyond Sunni and Shia draws on extensive fieldwork and primary sources to offer insights that are empirically rich and theoretically grounded, but also accessible for policy audiences and the informed public.
Author : Keiko Sakai,Philip Marfleet
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429514036
This book addresses the complex events and unexpected outcomes of military intervention by the United States and its allies in Iraq in 2003. Considering the long-term outcomes of the intervention, this volume examines economic collapse, societal disorder, and increased regional conflict in Iraq. The book assesses the means by which American strategists imposed a new political order, generalising corruption, sectarian preference, and ethnic cleansing, and stimulating mass population movements in and from Iraq. Mobilising a multidisciplinary perspective, the book explores the rise and fall of Iraq’s confessional leaders, the emergence of a popular movement for reform, and the demands of young radicals focused upon revolutionary change. The product of years of intensive research by Iraqis and international scholars, Iraq since the Invasion considers how an initiative designed to produce “regime change” favourable to the United States and its allies brought unprecedented influence for Iran—both in Iraq and the wider Gulf region. It analyses events in Kurdistan and the impacts of change on relations between Iraq and its neighbours. The book includes a wealth of detail on political, social, and cultural change, and on the experiences of Iraqis during long years of upheaval. It will be of value to researchers and students interested in international relations, development studies, and Middle East politics.
Author : Rick Fawn,Raymond A. Hinnebusch
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015063369022
An in-depth, systematic analysis of the causes and consequences of the Iraq war in the context of the Middle East and the international system.
Author : Yitzhak Nakash
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2011-10-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781400841462
As the world focuses on the conflict in Iraq, the most important political players in that country today are not the Sunni insurgents. Instead, they are Iraq's Shi'I majority--part of the Middle East's ninety million Shi'I Muslims who hold the key to the future of the region and the relations between Muslim and Western societies. So contends Yitzhak Nakash, one of the world's foremost experts on Shi'ism. With his characteristic verve and style, Nakash traces the role of the Shi'is in the struggle that is raging today among Muslims for the soul of Islam. He shows that in contrast to the growing militancy among Sunni groups since the 1990s, Shi'is have shifted their focus from confrontation to accommodation with the West. Constituting sixty percent of the population of Iraq, they stand squarely at the center of the U.S government's attempt to remake the Middle East and bring democracy to the region. This groundbreaking book addresses the crucial importance of Shi'is to the U.S. endeavor. Yet it also alerts readers to the strong nationalist sentiments of Shi'is, underscoring the difficult challenge that the United States faces in attempting to impose a new order in the Middle East. The book provides a comprehensive historical perspective on Shi'ism, beginning with the emergence of the movement during the seventh century, continuing through its rise as a political force since the Iranian Islamic Revolution of 1978-79, and leading up to the Iraqi elections of January 2005. Drawing extensively on Arabic sources, this comparative study highlights the reciprocal influences shaping the political development of Shi'is in Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Lebanon, as well as the impact of the revival of Shi'ism on the larger Arab world. The narrative concludes with an assessment of the risks and possibilities arising from the assertion of Shi'I power in Iraq and from America's attempt to play an increasingly forceful role in the Middle East. A landmark book and a work of remarkable scholarship, Reaching for Power illuminates the Shi'a resurgence amid the shifting geopolitics of the Middle East.
Author : Thomas R. Mockaitis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Counterinsurgency
ISBN : IND:30000139803575
Author : Philip Wolny
Publisher : The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Page : 83 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2009-08-15
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781615311125
Iran and Iraq, though neighbors for many centuries, share both a common and a contentious history. Though both are Muslim nations, they have long been divided by their differing affiliations with the Shia and Sunni branches of Islam and by a cultural tension between Persian and Arab. These tensions have occasionally erupted into all-out warfare, most recently in the 1980s, when half a million Iraqis and Iranians were killed in a decade-long war. Today, however, following the toppling of the repressive Sunni dictator Saddam Hussein, Iraq's previously oppressed Shia majority is forging ties with Shia-dominated Iran and creating a new, potentially destabilizing balance of power in this part of the Middle East. This book explores the long, rich, complex, and charged history between these two Muslim nations and analyzes what path they seem to be heading down in the future, a journey that has weighty consequences for the western world and the United States.
Author : John McHugo
Publisher : Saqi Books
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2017-09-18
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780863561580
In this richly layered and engrossing account, John McHugo reveals how the great divide in Islam occurred. Charting the story of Islam from the death of the Prophet Muhammad to the present day, he describes the conflicts that raged over the succession to the Prophet, how Sunnism and Shi'ism evolved as different sects during the Abbasid caliphate, and how the rivalry between the empires of the Sunni Ottomans and Shi'i Safavids contrived to ensure that the split would continue into modern times. Now its full, destructive force has been brought out by the struggle between Saudi Arabia and Iran for the soul of the Muslim world. Definitive and insightful, A Concise History of Sunnis and Shi'is is an essential guide to understanding the genesis, development and manipulation of one of the greatest schisms that has come to define Islam and the Muslim world.
Author : Pierre Razoux
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 679 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2015-11-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674088634
From 1980 to 1988 Iran and Iraq fought the longest conventional war of the century. It included tragic slaughter of child soldiers, use of chemical weapons, striking of civilian shipping, and destruction of cities. Pierre Razoux offers an unflinching look at a conflict seared into the region’s collective memory but little understood in the West.
Author : Shirin Tahir-Kheli,Shaheen Ayubi
Publisher : Greenwood
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Iran-Iraq War, 1980-1988
ISBN : IND:39000013114868