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French is a syntactically interesting language, with aspects of its word order and clause structure triggering a variety of important developments in syntactic theory. This is a concise and accessible guide to the syntax of Modern French, providing a clear overview of those aspects of the language that are of particular interest to linguists. A broad variety of topics are covered, including the development and spread of French; the evolution of its syntax; syntactic variation; lexical categories; noun, verb and adjective phrases; clause structure; movement; and agreement. Drawing on the work of a wide range of scholars, it highlights the important role of French in the development of syntactic theory and shows how French challenges some fundamental assumptions about syntactic structure. An engaging and in-depth guide to all that is interesting about French, The Syntax of French will be invaluable to students and scholars of syntactic theory and comparative linguistics.
Author : Michael Allan Jones Publisher : Cambridge University Press Page : 588 pages File Size : 42,5 Mb Release : 1996-09-12 Category : Foreign Language Study ISBN : 0521388058
Foundations of French Syntax by Michael Allan Jones Pdf
Designed for students, this detailed analysis of the principal areas of French grammar combines the insights of modern linguistic theory with those of more traditional grammarians. Theory is placed firmly in the service of description and analysis, and students are guided to an understanding of the French language which will complement the information offered by traditional reference grammars. The book includes discussion of verbs and verb phrases, voice, tense and mood, the noun phrase and pronouns, prepositions and variations in sentence-structure. The author pays special attention to those areas of French grammar which pose difficulties for an English-speaking reader. Each chapter is followed by a set of problems and exercises, and by a useful guide to further reading. Foundations of French Syntax assumes no prior knowledge of linguistics, and will appeal to students and teachers of linguistics, French and other Romance languages.
The main goal of this study, first published in 1994, is to present a substantial part of the grammar of French. This goal is achieved by bringing together two aspects of syntactic investigation. First, the study focuses on a vast range of French clausal phenomena, including Object Raising constructions, Causative constructions of various types, Impersonal constructions, amongst many others. Second, the investigation is conducted within the framework of Relational Grammar. This title will be of interest to students of language and linguistics.
Author : Barbara S. Vance Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 405 pages File Size : 44,9 Mb Release : 2012-12-06 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines ISBN : 9789401588430
Syntactic Change in Medieval French by Barbara S. Vance Pdf
1. 0. V2 AND NULL SUBJECTS IN THE HIS TORY OF FRENCH The prototypical Romance null subject language has certain well known characteristics: verbal inflection is rich, distinguishing six per sonlnumber forms; subject pronouns are generally emphatic; and, when there is no need to emphasize the subject, the pronoun is not expressed at all. Spanish and Italian, for example, fit this description rather weIl. Modem French, however, provides a striking contrast to these lan guages; it does not allow subjects to be missing and, not unexpectedly, it has a verbal agreement system with few overt endings and subject pronouns which are not emphatic. One of the goals of the present work is to examine null subjects in two dialects of Romance that fit neither the Italian nor the French model: later Old French (12th-13th centriries) and MiddIe French (14th- 15th centuries). Old French has null subjects only in contexts where the subject would be postverbal if expressed (cf. Foulet (1928)), and Mid dIe French has null subjects in a wider range of syntactic contexts but does not freely allow a11 persons of the verb to be null. The work of Vanelli, Renzi and Beninca (1985) (along with many other works by these authors individually) shows that a number of other geographically proximate medieval dialects had similar systems, though it appears that there are significant differences in detail among them.
Author : Frede Jensen Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG Page : 136 pages File Size : 51,9 Mb Release : 2017-12-04 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines ISBN : 9783110874655
Syntax of the French Verb by Edward C. Armstrong Pdf
Excerpt from Syntax of the French Verb The present work, while by no means a complete treatment of the syntax of the French verb, is intended to be sufficiently comprehensive to serve students of French as a reference book. At the same time, an effort has been made to arrange the material in such a way that it can be used to advantage in class, especially in connection with exercises in French composition. The aim of the book is to record only contemporary French usage; that is, to include only such statements as can be verified for good written or spoken French of the last fifty years. Any one familiar with grammatical treatises will know how rarely such a purpose is attained, and it is to be feared that, in spite of the care exercised, archaic constructions may have slipped into the treatment. Since the book should serve the double purpose of an explanation of literary construction and of an aid in using colloquial French, some material of both classes is included; but, for the most important cases of deviation in the two styles, there exists the intention of indicating to which style a given statement applies. When practicable, illustrative sentences have been chosen which are good in either style. No effort has been made to limit the illustrative examples to citations from French authors. The governing principle has been to make the sentence structure and the vocabulary as simple as possible, and to court rather than to taboo repetition; the aim being to distract the student's attention as little as possible from the principle illustrated. Where practicable, this is further sought for by spacing the letters of the French word or phrase that illustrates the rule. To increase the practical utility of the book, material has sometimes been included that, strictly speaking, is not syntactical; and, for the same reason, the classification of material is not always rigorously accurate; for example, participial forms of the verb with purely adjectival functions are treated here instead of being relegated to a work on the adjective. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Parameters in Old French Syntax: Infinitival Complements by E.H. Pearce Pdf
1.1. AIMS AND ASSUMPTIONS This book presents an analysis of infinitival complement constructions in Old French (OF) from the perspective of the Government-Binding (GB) framework. It aims, therefore, to establish within the terms of the GB framework just how the OF constructions are to be characterized and in just what sense they can or cannot be compared with the corresponding constructions in other Romance languages. The GB framework is an articulated theory about the structure of language which is based on the view that the aim of research into language is to construct a description of language which accurately reflects its essential nature. Whilst we know that individual languages may appear to be superficially very different, we also know that all languages are capable of expressing complex concepts and that all children acquire mastery of the language or languages to which they are exposed. The task, therefore, is to determine both the properties which languages have in common and the bounds within which they may differ. In the pursuit of these aims, the study of various languages of the Romance family has provided a rich source of material for the develop ment of the descriptive apparatus. Evidence of the contribution supplied by such work is apparent in references to Romance material in Chomsky (1981, 1982), in volumes such as Jaeggli (1982), Rizzi (1982a), Kayne (1984b), Burzio (1986), and in numerous papers devoted to particular constructions in a variety of Romance languages.
