The Synthesis Of The Elements

Author : Giora Shaviv
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 700 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012-04-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642283857

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The Synthesis of the Elements by Giora Shaviv Pdf

This book describes the origins and evolution of the chemical elements we and the cosmos are made of. The story starts with the discovery of the common elements on Earth and their subsequent discovery in space. How do we learn the composition of the distant stars? How did progress in quantum theory, nuclear physics, spectroscopy, stellar structure and evolution, together with observations of stars, converge to provide an incredibly detailed picture of the universe? How does research in the micro-world explain the macro-world? How does progress in one affect the other, or lack of knowledge in one inhibit progress in the other? In short, Shaviv describes how we discovered the various pieces of the jigsaw that form our present picture of the universe; and how we sometimes put these in the wrong place before finding in the right one. En route we meet some fascinating personalities and learn about heated controversies. Shaviv shows how science lurched from one dogma to the next, time and again shattering much of what had been considered solid knowledge, until eventually a stable understanding arose. Beginning with generally accepted science, the book ends in today’s terra incognita of nuclear physics, astrophysics and cosmology. A monumental work that will fascinate scientists, philosophers, historians and lay readers alike.

Author : R. W. Hoffmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2009-01-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540792208

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Elements of Synthesis Planning by R. W. Hoffmann Pdf

Synthesis is at the core of organic chemistry. In order for compounds to be studied—be it as drugs, materials, or because of their physical properties— they have to be prepared, often in multistep synthetic sequences. Thus, the target compound is at the outset of synthesis planning. Synthesis involves creating the target compound from smaller, readily available building blocks. Immediately, questions arise: From which bui- ing blocks? In which sequence? By which reactions? Nature creates many highly complex “natural products” via reaction cascades, in which an asso- ment of starting compounds present within the cell is transformed by speci c (for each target structure) combinations of modular enzymes in speci c - quences into the target compounds [1, 2]. To mimic this ef ciency is the dream of an ideal synthesis [2]. However, we are at present so far from - alising such a “one-pot” operation that actual synthesis has to be achieved via a sequence of individual discrete steps. Thus, we are left with the task of planning each synthesis individually in an optimal fashion. Synthesis planning must be conducted with regard for certain speci - tions, some of which are due to the structure of the target molecule, and some of which relate to external parameters such as costs, environmental compatibility, or novelty. We will not consider these external aspects in this context. Planning of a synthesis is based on a pool of information regarding chemical reactions that can be executed reliably and in high chemical yield.

Author : Arthur Murray,Anthony R. Ronzio
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 6 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1950
Category : Radioactive tracers
ISBN : UOM:39015086415612

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Microsynthesis with Tracer Elements by Arthur Murray,Anthony R. Ronzio Pdf

Author : Stanislaus von Moos
Publisher : 010 Publishers
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9789064506420

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Le Corbusier by Stanislaus von Moos Pdf

Originally published in Germany in 1968, this first comprehensive and critical survey of Le Corbusier's life and work soon became the standard text on the architect and polymath. French, Spanish, English, Japanese and Korean editions followed, but the book has now been out of print for almost two decades. In the meantime, Le Corbusier's archives in Paris have become available for research, resulting in an avalanche of scholarship. Von Moos' critical take and the basic criteria by which the subject is organized and historicized remain surprisingly pertinent in the context of this recent jungle of Corbusier studies. This new, completely revised edition is based on the 1979 version published in English by the MIT Press but offers a substantially updated body of illustrations. Each of the seven chapters is supplemented by a critical survey of recent scholarship on the respective issues. An updated edition of this acclaimed book, an essential read for students of architecture and architectural history.

Author : Noboru Takigawa,Kouhei Washiyama
Publisher : Springer
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2017-01-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9784431553786

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Fundamentals of Nuclear Physics by Noboru Takigawa,Kouhei Washiyama Pdf

This book introduces the current understanding of the fundamentals of nuclear physics by referring to key experimental data and by providing a theoretical understanding of principal nuclear properties. It primarily covers the structure of nuclei at low excitation in detail. It also examines nuclear forces and decay properties. In addition to fundamentals, the book treats several new research areas such as non-relativistic as well as relativistic Hartree–Fock calculations, the synthesis of super-heavy elements, the quantum chromodynamics phase diagram, and nucleosynthesis in stars, to convey to readers the flavor of current research frontiers in nuclear physics. The authors explain semi-classical arguments and derivation of its formulae. In these ways an intuitive understanding of complex nuclear phenomena is provided. The book is aimed at graduate school students as well as junior and senior undergraduate students and postdoctoral fellows. It is also useful for researchers to update their knowledge of diverse fields of nuclear structure. The book explains how basic physics such as quantum mechanics and statistical physics, as well as basic physical mathematics, is used to describe nuclear phenomena. A number of questions are given from place to place as supplements to the text.

Author : Glen W. Watson
Publisher : DigiCat
Page : 31 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2022-08-15
Category : History
ISBN : EAN:8596547174950

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A Brief History of Element Discovery, Synthesis, and Analysis by Glen W. Watson Pdf

DigiCat Publishing presents to you this special edition of "A Brief History of Element Discovery, Synthesis, and Analysis" by Glen W. Watson. DigiCat Publishing considers every written word to be a legacy of humankind. Every DigiCat book has been carefully reproduced for republishing in a new modern format. The books are available in print, as well as ebooks. DigiCat hopes you will treat this work with the acknowledgment and passion it deserves as a classic of world literature.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2003-03-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309168397

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Beyond the Molecular Frontier by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century Pdf

Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€"into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€"so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€"from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future.

Author : Watson Glen W
Publisher : Hardpress Publishing
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2016-06-23
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 131897769X

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A Brief History of Element Discovery, Synthesis, and Analysis by Watson Glen W Pdf

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Author : Claus E. Rolfs,William S. Rodney
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 579 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226724577

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Cauldrons in the Cosmos by Claus E. Rolfs,William S. Rodney Pdf

A reference source that addresses fundamental questions in the field of nuclear astrophysics.

Author : G. Meyer,Lester R. Morss
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1990-12-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 0792310187

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Synthesis of Lanthanide and Actinide Compounds by G. Meyer,Lester R. Morss Pdf

The history of the rare earths has entered its third century; trans uranium elements are now a half century old. Both the lanthanide and actinide ele­ ments, 30 elements altogether, are f elements, meaninj that their metallic 2 1 1 electronic configurations are typically 6s 5d 4f" and 7s 6d 5f" respectively. To an elementary approximation as summarized in the 'average inorganic chemistry textbook, these configurations cause their chemistry to be described by the trivalent state accompanied by less interesting effects such as the lanthanide contraction. However, the discovery of divalent and tetravalent lanthanides and di- to seven-valent actinides hinted at the existence of more interesting although still classic solid-state and coor­ dination chemistry. Metallic halides and chalcogenides and electron-poor cluster compounds have been the outgrowth of many synthetic efforts during the past 25 years or so. These days, one can say that the lan­ thanides and actinides are not at all boring; the fascination arises from every element being an individual, having its own chemistry.

Author : Daniel Zimmermann Zimmermann (author)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1901
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0359478093

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Synthesis of Elements 107-118 by Daniel Zimmermann Zimmermann (author) Pdf

Author : Arthur Murray,Anthony R. Ronzio
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 6 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1949
Category : Solution (Chemistry)
ISBN : UOM:39015086447888

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Microsyntheses with Tracer Elements by Arthur Murray,Anthony R. Ronzio Pdf

Author : Adrian Huff
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Chemical elements
ISBN : 1536140171

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Chemical Elements (fluorine, Rhodium and Rubidium) by Adrian Huff Pdf

Fluorination is one of the most efficient routes for modifying the physiochemical properties of materials in order to enlarge their application domain. In this collection, controlled fluorination was successfully applied for the fluorination of different starting materials: SWCNTs, MWCNTs, carbon nanodiscs, carbon blacks, polymers, carbides, and Li4Ti5O12 (electrochemical materials). The choice of fluorinating agent is crucial as it defines the temperature range as well as the nature of the decomposition products.Following this, the authors report liquid-crystalline mesogens containing a CF2CF2-carbocycle, e.g., tetrafluorinated-cyclohexa-1,3-diene, -cyclohexane, and -methoxycyclohex-1-ene, as new types of negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystals. The molecular design and synthetic strategies for the novel CF2CF2-carbocyclic mesogens, as well as their liquid-crystal characteristics, are described in detail.In a separate study, it is suggested that selenohalides of Rhodium and their thermal decomposition products, synthesized in non-aqueous inorganic selenochloride and selenobromide media without using expensive templates, may be promising active components of electrocatalysts and heterogeneous catalysts. In contrast to thermally unstable organic complexes, rhodium selenohalides are thermally stable up to 300-350°C, and products of their thermal decomposition are thermally stable up to 900°C, which makes the range of their practical use in catalysis substantially wider.Emphasis is also placed on the investigation of the biological action of rhodium coordination compounds. More specifically, the authors report on the anti-inflammatory behavior of a series of Rh(I) and Rh(III) complexes incorporating bifunctional organic compounds. The anti-inflammatory action of these compounds was exerted by their potency to inhibit the action of Platelet Activation Factor (PAF). The synthesis of new molecules with anticancer and anti-PAF activity is of high importance, and the compounds described in this book may also be used as potential anticancer agents.

Author : D. L. Williams
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 6 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1950
Category : Solution (Chemistry)
ISBN : UOM:39015086437889

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Microsynthesis with Tracer Elements by D. L. Williams Pdf

Author : C. C. Pang
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1968
Category : Monopulse radar
ISBN : PSU:000072011287

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Analysis and Synthesis of Monopulse Arrays with Discrete Elements by C. C. Pang Pdf