The Vegetation And A Landsat Assisted Land Cover Map Of The Barrow Region Northern Alaska
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The Vegetation and a Landsat Assisted Land Cover Map of the Barrow Region, Northern Alaska by Brian Michael Noyle Pdf
"Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Multispectral Scanner (MSS) imagery at two different spatial scales were employed during this research effort to provide two medium scale (1:63,360) vegetation maps of the Barrow Region on Alaska's North Slope. Detailed field sampling facilitated a site specific accuracy assessment of the digital classification to provide clues as to the reliability of each map. A comparison of the resultant map products was conducted to assess the effect of the resolution of satellite data on the investigator's ability to accurately interpret vegetation pattern in Arctic tundra. Accuracy assessment of the TM and MSS derived map products indicates that both types of remotely sensed imagery are limited in their ability to accurately represent specific vegetation types at the chosen map scale. The TM instrument, with its improvements in spatial, radiometric, and spectral resolution over the MSS sensor, produced a significantly more accurate vegetation map than that derived from the MSS data. It is concluded that the Landsat derived land cover maps prepared during this investigation provide information on the distribution of general vegetation types across the Barrow Region, but do not provide accurate site-specific vegetation data"--Leaf ii
Digital Classification of Landsat Data for Vegetation and Land-cover Mapping in the Blackfoot River Watershed, Southeastern Idaho by Lawrence R. Pettinger Pdf
A case study, including step-by-step procedures for computer-assisted analysis of Landsat digital data, with emphasis on assessment of classification accuracy and generation of output products.
A selection of annotated references to unclassified reports and journal articles that were introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system and announced in Scientific and technical aerospace reports (STAR) and International Aerospace Abstracts (IAA)
One of a series of volumes reporting results of research under the International Biological Program concerning the ecology of the Alaskan arctic coastal plain.
Intended for a broad audience, this book is suitable for the science-minded layman and motivated students; it belongs in the library of anyone with more than a passing interest in the colder regions of the world. Students, permafrost specialists, and professionals in earth and environmental sciences will find most of the necessary and detailed mathematical material contained in the appendices, where it is accessible but not alarming to the less technically minded."--BOOK JACKET.
National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on Emerging Research Questions in the Arctic
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on Emerging Research Questions in the Arctic Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 240 pages File Size : 42,6 Mb Release : 2014-07-31 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309301862
The Arctic in the Anthropocene by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on Emerging Research Questions in the Arctic Pdf
Once ice-bound, difficult to access, and largely ignored by the rest of the world, the Arctic is now front and center in the midst of many important questions facing the world today. Our daily weather, what we eat, and coastal flooding are all interconnected with the future of the Arctic. The year 2012 was an astounding year for Arctic change. The summer sea ice volume smashed previous records, losing approximately 75 percent of its value since 1980 and half of its areal coverage. Multiple records were also broken when 97 percent of Greenland's surface experienced melt conditions in 2012, the largest melt extent in the satellite era. Receding ice caps in Arctic Canada are now exposing land surfaces that have been continuously ice covered for more than 40,000 years. What happens in the Arctic has far-reaching implications around the world. Loss of snow and ice exacerbates climate change and is the largest contributor to expected global sea level rise during the next century. Ten percent of the world's fish catches comes from Arctic and sub-Arctic waters. The U.S. Geological Survey estimated that up to 13 percent of the world's remaining oil reserves are in the Arctic. The geologic history of the Arctic may hold vital clues about massive volcanic eruptions and the consequent release of massive amount of coal fly ash that is thought to have caused mass extinctions in the distant past. How will these changes affect the rest of Earth? What research should we invest in to best understand this previously hidden land, manage impacts of change on Arctic communities, and cooperate with researchers from other nations? The Arctic in the Anthropocene reviews research questions previously identified by Arctic researchers, and then highlights the new questions that have emerged in the wake of and expectation of further rapid Arctic change, as well as new capabilities to address them. This report is meant to guide future directions in U.S. Arctic research so that research is targeted on critical scientific and societal questions and conducted as effectively as possible. The Arctic in the Anthropocene identifies both a disciplinary and a cross-cutting research strategy for the next 10 to 20 years, and evaluates infrastructure needs and collaboration opportunities. The climate, biology, and society in the Arctic are changing in rapid, complex, and interactive ways. Understanding the Arctic system has never been more critical; thus, Arctic research has never been more important. This report will be a resource for institutions, funders, policy makers, and students. Written in an engaging style, The Arctic in the Anthropocene paints a picture of one of the last unknown places on this planet, and communicates the excitement and importance of the discoveries and challenges that lie ahead.
Throughout history, climate change has been an important driving force behind human behaviour. This archaeological study seeks to understand the complex interrelations between that behaviour and climatic fluctuations, focussing on how climate affected the social relations between neighbouring communities of occasionally differing nature. It is argued that developments in these relations will fall within a continuum between competition on one end and cooperation on the other. The adoption of a particular strategy depends on whether that strategy is advantageous to a community in terms of the maintenance of its well-being when faced with adverse climate change. This model will be applied to northern Mesopotamia between 3000 and 1600 BC. Local palaeoclimate proxy records demonstrate that aridity increased significantly during this period. Within this geographical, chronological, and climatic framework, this study looks at changes in settlement patterns as an indication of competition among sedentary agriculturalist communities, and the development of the Amorite ethnic identity as reflecting cooperation among sedentary and more mobile pastoralist communities.
Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples in the United States by Julie Koppel Maldonado,Benedict Colombi,Rajul Pandya Pdf
With a long history and deep connection to the Earth’s resources, indigenous peoples have an intimate understanding and ability to observe the impacts linked to climate change. Traditional ecological knowledge and tribal experience play a key role in developing future scientific solutions for adaptation to the impacts. The book explores climate-related issues for indigenous communities in the United States, including loss of traditional knowledge, forests and ecosystems, food security and traditional foods, as well as water, Arctic sea ice loss, permafrost thaw and relocation. The book also highlights how tribal communities and programs are responding to the changing environments. Fifty authors from tribal communities, academia, government agencies and NGOs contributed to the book. Previously published in Climatic Change, Volume 120, Issue 3, 2013.
The analysis and management of ecosystems rely increasingly on sound geographical knowledge. Ecosystem Geography is a landmark contribution which brings the geographer's tools - maps, scales, boundaries, and units - to the study of ecosystems. The author, a senior geographer and program manager with the U.S. Forest Service, has distilled more than two decades of research on ecosystem mapping and classification. His work has had a growing influence on how government and academic scientists are using ecological data to monitor biodiversity, manage land holdings, and interpret the results of climatic change. Ecosystem Geography features spectacular graphics, including diagrams, photographs, and abundant maps. It will be welcomed by ecologists, geographers, land and resource specialists, and anyone involved in the study of ecosystems.
Author : Frederick T. Short Publisher : Univ of California Press Page : 336 pages File Size : 44,6 Mb Release : 2003 Category : Nature ISBN : 0520240472
World Atlas of Seagrasses by Frederick T. Short Pdf
Seagrasses are a vital and widespread but often overlooked coastal marine habitat. This volume provides a global survey of their distribution and conservation status.
C. A. Scott Smith,Canada. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Yukon Ecoregions Working Group (Canada),Bruce A. Bennett
Author : C. A. Scott Smith,Canada. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Yukon Ecoregions Working Group (Canada),Bruce A. Bennett Publisher : Summerland, B.C. : Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Page : 313 pages File Size : 45,8 Mb Release : 2004-01-01 Category : Botany ISBN : 0660188287
Ecoregions of the Yukon Territory by C. A. Scott Smith,Canada. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Yukon Ecoregions Working Group (Canada),Bruce A. Bennett Pdf
