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By the early second century BC, Israel had long been under the rule of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire. But the policy of deliberate Hellenization and suppression of Jewish religious practices by Antiochus IV, sparked a revolt in 167 BC which was led initially by Judah Maccabee and later by his brothers and their descendants. Relying on guerrilla tactics the growing insurrection repeatedly took on the sophisticated might of the Seleucid army with mixed, but generally successful, results, establishing the Maccabees as the Hasmonean Dynasty of rulers over a once-more independent Israel. (It is Judah Maccabee's ritual cleansing of the Temple after his victories over the Seleucids that is celebrated by Jews every year at Hannukah). Internal disputes weakened the revived state, however, and it eventually fell victim to the Romans who replaced the Seleucids as the local superpower. John D Grainger explains the causes of the revolt and traces the course of the various campaigns of the Maccabees, first against the Seleucids and then the Romans who captured Jerusalem in 63BC and partitioned the kingdom. The last chapters consider the continued Jewish resistance to Roman rule and factional fighting, until the crowning of Herod, marked the end of the Hasmonean dynasty.
The Books of the Maccabees: History, Theology, Ideology by Géza Xeravits,Jzsef Zsengell'r Pdf
The volume contains essays on various problems of the early Jewish works: the Books of the Maccabees. Authors include renowned international specialists in the literature and thinking of early Judaism.
Dying for the Faith, Killing for the Faith by Gabriela Signori Pdf
The history of influence of the old testamentary Maccabees is the focus of the essays collected in this book, which extend thematically and chronologically from the cult of martyrs in late antiquity to the time of the modern wars of liberation.
The Middle Maccabees by Andrea M. Berlin,Paul J. Kosmin Pdf
A focused, interdisciplinary examination of a tumultuous, history-making era The Middle Maccabees lays out the charged, complicated beginnings of the independent Jewish state founded in the second century BCE. Contributors offer focused analyses of the archaeological, epigraphic, numismatic, and textual evidence, framed within a wider world of conflicts between the Ptolemies of Egypt, the Seleucids of Syria, and the Romans. The result is a holistic view of the Hasmonean rise to power that acknowledges broader political developments, evolving social responses, and the particularities of local history. Contributors include Uzi ‘Ad, Donald T. Ariel, Andrea M. Berlin, Efrat Bocher, Altay Coşkun, Benedikt Eckhardt, Gerald Finkielsztejn, Christelle Fischer-Bovet, Yuval Gadot, Erich Gruen, Sylvie Honigman, Jutta Jokiranta, Paul J. Kosmin, Uzi Leibner, Catharine Lorber, Duncan E. MacRae, Dvir Raviv, Helena Roth, Débora Sandhaus, Yiftah Shalev, Nitsan Shalom, Danny Syon, Yehiel Zelinger, and Ayala Zilberstein. Features Up-to-date, generously illustrated essays analyzing the relevant archaeological remains A revised understanding of how local and imperial histories overlapped and intersected New analysis of the book of 1 Maccabees as a tool of Hasmonean strategic interest
Antiquities of the Jews ; Book - XII by Flavius Josephus Pdf
The book, "" Antiquities of the Jews; Book - XII "", has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
The Family Romance of Martyrdom in Second Maccabees by Naomi Janowitz Pdf
Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- List of classical works -- Introduction -- The terminology of martyrdom -- The ancient theologies of martyrdom -- 1 The psychoanalytic study of martyrdom -- The psychoanalytic analysis of political power -- The specific family romance of Second Maccabees -- 2 The family romance as victory story -- Second Maccabees as triumphalist history -- Persecution as a triumphalist strategy -- 3 Theologies of martyrdom recast authority and cult -- The problem of too many kings -- Temple cult in Second Maccabees: hierarchies of sacredness and power -- 4 Rereading sacrifice: human blood as a sign -- How did blood become a sign? -- 5 The martyr's new sacrifice: solving the Maccabean sacrifice crisis -- Killing within the family: reworking priestly taboos -- 6 The happy ending of two wishes fulfilled -- Wish #1: Male mothers and child-bearing fathers -- Wish #2: The family reunites -- Conclusions -- Appendix 1: 2 Maccabees 7 :1-6, 20-42 -- Appendix 2: A speculative note on displacing women in religious myths and rites -- Bibliography -- Index
The two-century long conflict over Syria between Seleukids and Ptolemies was the central diplomatic and military matter of the Hellinistic period. By examining it for the first time in detail, its importance can at last be seen.
The Maccabees in the World War; by Knights of the Maccabees Pdf
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Antiquities of the Jews ; Book - XIII by Flavius Josephus Pdf
The book, "" Antiquities of the Jews; Book - XIII "", has been considered important throughout the human history, and so that this work is never forgotten we have made efforts in its preservation by republishing this book in a modern format for present and future generations. This whole book has been reformatted, retyped and designed. These books are not made of scanned copies and hence the text is clear and readable.
The Maccabees in the World War (Classic Reprint) by Knights of the Maccabees Pdf
Excerpt from The Maccabees in the World War June 28, 1914, a bullet, smaller than a sewing thimble, pierced the vitals of the Prince jl Imperial of Austria-Hungary and brought Jdown upon the earth a deluge of death, suffering and destruction such as mankind had never before experienced. History simply calls it The World War, but in these three solemn words is summed up the whole range of human tragedy from the innocent victim in the cradle to the proud nation that over night faded into memory. Who Caused The War? Perhaps time will one day definitely and irrefutably place the blame for the war. This much we now know; the train of war-like events that started with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the dual throne of Austria-Hungary, at Serajevo, June 28 th, 1914, had its inception in Vienna and was fostered by Berlin. A formal inquiry into the assassination was made, but of this the world heard but little. And then on that ill-omened day, July 23, 1914, Austria-Hungary served its ultimatum on Serbia, demanding the latter submit to humiliating terms terms utterly uncalled for in the eyes of all nations l)ut those few which were predetermined to accept the slightest pretense to involve all Europe in war. Austria had no satisfactory proof that Serbia as a nation was involved in the murder of Ferdinand. Serbia, and many other nations as well, knew this and sensed the real intent of the ultimatum was war. Europe was aghast at the potential evil in the situation. Statesmen of the chief powers of the west tried in vain to temper Austrias belligerency. Serbia sent her answer to the dual monarch on July 2.5th, protesting her innocence in the alleged conspiracy. But the little nation, counseled by the Triple Entente and Russia, agreed to Austrias terms. Serbias tone was conciliatory and she promised to submit all issues inolved to the Hague. Austria, to her undying shame and regret, ignored this reasonable, even humble, offer, and on July 28 th formally declared war on Serbia. Russia had begged the Austrians to postpone action for a few days at least, but Vienna was truculent, and on July 27 th the Russians formally pledged their aid to their Slavic Allv. Thus the controversv became chiefly one between Russia and Austria. Steps were taken by SayonofT, Foreign Minister of Russia, to avert the impending strife. Perhaps Sayonoff knew too well that Russia was not prepared to fight, and especially without the aid of France, who as yet was neutral, but to the great and unfortunate nation of the Czars belongs indisputably the credit for attempting to prevent war when war was craed by militaristic Germany through her Allies. Elven in the face of this situation, France, nominally Russias Ally, and England joined in an endea-or to establish mediation. It seemed for a time, until July 31 st, that their efforts would succeed. But Austria had already progressed in her preparation for the invasion of Serbia, and Russia was not far behind her in mobilization. Up to this time the power to fight or to maintain peace lay between Austria and Russia. It seems entirely safe to state that the Austrians, alone, would have responded to the importunities of the Russians for peace. But Germany stood in the way, for every normal mind knows the German government counseled, and probably directed, every move of the Austrians toward a European war. While Germany has divulged much war correspondence she has never given to the world the communications between her Foreign Office and Vienna during this critical period. Suffice to say, Austria was Germanys stepping stone to the Balkans and Constantinople, for vast ambitions in the east which Teutonic minds had dreamed for many, many years. Ecn Rohrbach, the well informed German writer, has gone on record as saying that Germany promised, after the murder at Serajevo, to stand by Austria for life and death. Germany denied any knowledge of the Austrian ultimatum prior to its service on Serbia, but .
When one falls The other rises... Jerusalem, 180 BCE. For 800 years the Zadokite priesthood has led the Jewish People. But the world is changing. Without, Rome is rising, crushing the other powers of the ancient world beneath it. Within, a power struggle inside the House of Zadok is a golden opportunity for interlopers, who seek to unseat them from the throne. The delicate balance which has allowed the Jewish Nation to survive in this age of Empires is threatened. On the background of these tumultuous times, Judah, scion of a minor priestly lineage, comes of age in Judea. While experiencing love, friendship, and conflict he slowly transforms into the warrior and leader his people are waiting for. This is the incredible story of Matityahu the Priest, Judah Maccabee and his brothers, and the Hellenizer Eupolemus. Together, they embark on a struggle for the survival of the Jewish people against the powerful Seleucid Empire.
Thru the Bible Complete Index by Flavius Josephus,J. Vernon McGee Pdf
Enjoy J. Vernon McGee's personable, yet scholarly, style in a 60-volume set of commentaries that takes you from Genesis to Revelation with new understanding and insight. A great choice for pastors, the average Bible reader, and students!
