Theoretical Studies On Sex Ratio Evolution Mpb 22 Volume 22

Author : Samuel Karlin,Sabin Lessard
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691210117

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Theoretical Studies on Sex Ratio Evolution. (MPB-22), Volume 22 by Samuel Karlin,Sabin Lessard Pdf

This book deals with a key area of population genetics: the ratio of the sexes in a population, or the allocation of resources to male versus female reproductive function. Samuel Karlin and Sabin Lessard establish the formal theoretical aspects of the evolution of sex ratio within the constraints of genetic mechanisms of sex determination. Their results generalize and unify existing work on the topic, strengthening previous conceptions in some cases and, in other instances, offering new directions of research. There are two main approaches to understanding the causes and effects of sex ratio. One approach focuses on the optimization and adaptive functions of sex allocation, while the other emphasizes the consequences of genetic sex determination mechanisms. In discussing the utility of these two approaches, Professors Karlin and Lessard examine the principal sex-determining mechanisms and facts involved in sex ratio representations, the various genetic and environmental factors that contribute to adaptive sex expression, and the evolution of sex determining systems and controls. From a population genetic perspective, the authors derive evolutionary properties in support of the high incidence of 1:1 sex ratio in natural populations and investigate the conditions that can explain the occurrence of biased sex ratio.

Author : Samuel Karlin,Sabin Lessard
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Science
ISBN : 0691084114

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Theoretical Studies on Sex Ratio Evolution by Samuel Karlin,Sabin Lessard Pdf

This book deals with a key area of population genetics: the ratio of the sexes in a population, or the allocation of resources to male versus female reproductive function. Samuel Karlin and Sabin Lessard establish the formal theoretical aspects of the evolution of sex ratio within the constraints of genetic mechanisms of sex determination. Their results generalize and unify existing work on the topic, strengthening previous conceptions in some cases and, in other instances, offering new directions of research. There are two main approaches to understanding the causes and effects of sex ratio. One approach focuses on the optimization and adaptive functions of sex allocation, while the other emphasizes the consequences of genetic sex determination mechanisms. In discussing the utility of these two approaches, Professors Karlin and Lessard examine the principal sex-determining mechanisms and facts involved in sex ratio representations, the various genetic and environmental factors that contribute to adaptive sex expression, and the evolution of sex determining systems and controls. From a population genetic perspective, the authors derive evolutionary properties in support of the high incidence of 1:1 sex ratio in natural populations and investigate the conditions that can explain the occurrence of biased sex ratio.

Author : Samuel Karlin,Sabin Lessard
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2024-07-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0608063029

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Theoretical Studies on Sex Ratio Evolution by Samuel Karlin,Sabin Lessard Pdf

Author : Eric L. Charnov
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691210056

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The Theory of Sex Allocation. (MPB-18), Volume 18 by Eric L. Charnov Pdf

This book is the first comprehensive treatment of sex allocation from the standpoint of modern evolutionary theory. It shows how the determination of sex ratio, resource allocation to sperm versus egg within simultaneous hermaphroditism, and the evolution of sex reversal can he explained as examples of a single process. The genetical theory, developed mostly with graphical arguments, also specifies when hermaphroditism and dioecy are themselves evolutionary stable. The work balances theory with field and laboratory research, providing critical tests of the theory by empirical studies of sex ratio in parasitoid wasps and mites, sex reversal in shrimp and coral reef fish, and allocation of resources to pollen versus seeds in higher plants. In addition, the author oilers an encyclopedic review of the field and laboratory work of other scientists, reviews many as yet untested hypotheses in sex allocation, and points toward numerous plant and animal systems that hold promise for future tests.

Author : Adam Lomnicki
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691209616

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Population Ecology of Individuals. (MPB-25), Volume 25 by Adam Lomnicki Pdf

A common tendency in the field of population ecology has been to overlook individual differences by treating populations as homogeneous units; conversely, in behavioral ecology the tendency has been to concentrate on how individual behavior is shaped by evolutionary forces, but not on how this behavior affects population dynamics. Adam Lomnicki and others aim to remedy this one-sidedness by showing that the overall dynamical behavior of populations must ultimately be understood in terms of the behavior of individuals. Professor Lomnicki's wide-ranging presentation of this approach includes simple mathematical models aimed at describing both the origin and consequences of individual variation among plants and animals. The author contends that further progress in population ecology will require taking into account individual differences other than sex, age, and taxonomic affiliation--unequal access to resources, for instance. Population ecologists who adopt this viewpoint may discover new answers to classical questions of population ecology. Partly because it uses a variety of examples from many taxonomic groups, this work will appeal not only to population ecologists but to ecologists in general.

Author : Robert V. O'Neill,Donald Lee Deangelis,J. B. Waide,Timothy F.H. Allen
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021-09-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691236605

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A Hierarchical Concept of Ecosystems. (MPB-23), Volume 23 by Robert V. O'Neill,Donald Lee Deangelis,J. B. Waide,Timothy F.H. Allen Pdf

"Ecosystem" is an intuitively appealing concept to most ecologists, but, in spite of its widespread use, the term remains diffuse and ambiguous. The authors of this book argue that previous attempts to define the concept have been derived from particular viewpoints to the exclusion of others equally possible. They offer instead a more general line of thought based on hierarchy theory. Their contribution should help to counteract the present separation of subdisciplines in ecology and to bring functional and population/community ecologists closer to a common approach. Developed as a way of understanding highly complex organized systems, hierarchy theory has at its center the idea that organization results from differences in process rates. To the authors the theory suggests an objective way of decomposing ecosystems into their component parts. The results thus obtained offer a rewarding method for integrating various schools of ecology.

Author : Walter D. Koenig,Ronald L. Mumme
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2020-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691209623

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Population Ecology of the Cooperatively Breeding Acorn Woodpecker. (MPB-24), Volume 24 by Walter D. Koenig,Ronald L. Mumme Pdf

Ever since the acorn woodpecker was observed and described by Spanish explorers, its behavior--particularly the unique habit of caching acorns in specialized storage trees or granaries--has impressed observers. Acorn woodpeckers are also one of the few temperate zone species in which young are reared communally in family groups. This demographic study investigates the complexities of acorn storage and group living in acorn woodpeckers at Hastings Reservation in central coastal California. It is one of the most thorough studies of any avian social system to date.

Author : Wayne M. Getz,Robert G. Haight
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691209630

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Population Harvesting (MPB-27), Volume 27 by Wayne M. Getz,Robert G. Haight Pdf

Whether in felling trees for wood, rearing insects for biological control, or culling animals for conservation purposes, efficient management of biological systems requires quantitative analysis of population growth and harvesting policies. Aiming to encourage the exchange of ideas among scientists involved in the management of fisheries, wildlife, forest stands, and pest control, the authors of this work present a general framework for modeling populations that reproduce seasonally and that have age or stage structure as an essential component of management strategy. The book represents the first time that examples from such diverse areas of biological resource management have been brought together in a unified modeling framework using the standard notation of mathematical systems theory. In addition, the authors combine a nonlinear extension of Leslie matrix theory and certain linear elements, thereby permitting interesting analytical results and the creation of compact, realistic simulation models of resource systems.

Author : David Tilman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2020-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691209593

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Plant Strategies and the Dynamics and Structure of Plant Communities. (MPB-26), Volume 26 by David Tilman Pdf

Although ecologists have long considered morphology and life history to be important determinants of the distribution, abundance, and dynamics of plants in nature, this book contains the first theory to predict explicitly both the evolution of plant traits and the effects of these traits on plant community structure and dynamics. David Tilman focuses on the universal requirement of terrestrial plants for both below-ground and above-ground resources. The physical separation of these resources means that plants face an unavoidable tradeoff. To obtain a higher proportion of one resource, a plant must allocate more of its growth to the structures involved in its acquisition, and thus necessarily obtain a lower proportion of another resource. Professor Tilman presents a simple theory that includes this constraint and tradeoff, and uses the theory to explore the evolution of plant life histories and morphologies along productivity and disturbance gradients. The book shows that relative growth rate, which is predicted to be strongly influenced by a plant's proportional allocation to leaves, is a major determinant of the transient dynamics of competition. These dynamics may explain the differences between successions on poor versus rich soils and suggest that most field experiments performed to date have been of too short a duration to allow unambiguous interpretation of their results.

Author : F. John Odling-Smee,Kevin N. Laland,Marcus W. Feldman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2013-02-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781400847266

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Niche Construction by F. John Odling-Smee,Kevin N. Laland,Marcus W. Feldman Pdf

The seemingly innocent observation that the activities of organisms bring about changes in environments is so obvious that it seems an unlikely focus for a new line of thinking about evolution. Yet niche construction--as this process of organism-driven environmental modification is known--has hidden complexities. By transforming biotic and abiotic sources of natural selection in external environments, niche construction generates feedback in evolution on a scale hitherto underestimated--and in a manner that transforms the evolutionary dynamic. It also plays a critical role in ecology, supporting ecosystem engineering and influencing the flow of energy and nutrients through ecosystems. Despite this, niche construction has been given short shrift in theoretical biology, in part because it cannot be fully understood within the framework of standard evolutionary theory. Wedding evolution and ecology, this book extends evolutionary theory by formally including niche construction and ecological inheritance as additional evolutionary processes. The authors support their historic move with empirical data, theoretical population genetics, and conceptual models. They also describe new research methods capable of testing the theory. They demonstrate how their theory can resolve long-standing problems in ecology, particularly by advancing the sorely needed synthesis of ecology and evolution, and how it offers an evolutionary basis for the human sciences. Already hailed as a pioneering work by some of the world's most influential biologists, this is a rare, potentially field-changing contribution to the biological sciences.

Author : Marquis Who's Who, Inc
Publisher : Reed Reference Publishing
Page : 2396 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1995-09
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0837901677

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Who's Who in America, 1996 by Marquis Who's Who, Inc Pdf

"We make very heavy use of WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA in our library. It's used daily to check biographical facts on people of distinction."--MARIE WATERS, HEAD OF COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES. Marquis Who's Who is proud to announce the Golden Anniversary 50th Edition of WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA. This, the world's preeminent biographical resource, keeps pace with a changing America with more than 17,500 new entries each year. AND it speeds research with the Geographic/Professional Indexes. ANNUAL UPDATING enables Marquis Who's Who to bring users more new names & to update more existing entries each year. Every entry is selected & researched to ensure the most current, accurate biographical data for Who's Who users. The Geographical/Professional Indexes makes WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA an even more useful research tool. Now users can identify & locate prospective partners & new clients by profession in any of 38 categories, as well as by country, state, or province, or city. Essential for quickly finding the entries you need. More than 92,000 leaders decision-makers, & innovators from every important field - business, finance, government, education, science & technology, the arts & more - are profiled in this Golden Anniversary 50th Edition. Entries include name, occupation, vital statistics, parents, marriage, children, education, career, civic & political activities, writings & creative works, awards, professional memberships, & office address. When you need authoritative, accurate facts on our nation's leaders, go to the preeminent record of American achievement that offers new information EVERY year: Marquis WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA.

Author : A. Townsend Peterson
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2011-11-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691136882

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Ecological Niches and Geographic Distributions (MPB-49) by A. Townsend Peterson Pdf

Terminology, conceptual overview, biogeography, modeling.

Author : Pacific Forestry Centre,Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative (Canada)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Forest management
ISBN : 0662426231

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The Mountain Pine Beetle by Pacific Forestry Centre,Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative (Canada) Pdf

"This book presents a synthesis of published information on mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins [Coleoptera: Scolytidae]) biology and management with an emphasis on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) forests of western Canada. Intended as a reference for researchers as well as forest managers, the book covers three main subject areas: mountain pine beetle biology, management, and socioeconomic concerns. The chapters on biology cover taxonomy, life history and habits, distribution, insect-host tree interactions, development and survival, epidemiology, and outbreak history. The management section covers management strategy, survey and detection, proactive and preventive management, and decision support tools. The chapters on socioeconomic aspects include an economic examination of management programs and the utilization of post-beetle salvage timber in solid wood, panelboard, pulp and paper products."--Publisher's description.

Author : CC Ainsworth
Publisher : Garland Science
Page : 219 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2004-08-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781135325657

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Sex Determination in Plants by CC Ainsworth Pdf

Indispensable for all plant biologists, this is a fascinating and thorough examination of those factors which affect the sex determination of plant species, describing all of the main classes of plant with unisexual flowers hermaphrodite, monoecious and

Author : Theo Lieven
Publisher : Springer
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319602196

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Brand Gender by Theo Lieven Pdf

This book explores ways to drive and increase a brand’s most important property, its equity. Focussing on gender, the author analyses the impact of assigning personalities and characteristics to products and how this can affect the management of brands on a global scale. Using detailed examples, the author argues that brands with low masculine and feminine characteristics have the lowest equity, whilst brands with both high feminine and masculine characteristics are shown to have the strongest equity. Including notions of androgyny in brands, this significant study reveals the different factors which can affect a brand being perceived as either masculine or feminine. Aiming to develop a comprehensive theory and provide practitioners with a guide to increasing the equity of their brands, this controversial and pioneering book lays the foundation for creating a global brand personality model.