Tigris And Euphrates Rivers Their Environment From Headwaters To Mouth

Author : Laith A. Jawad
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1612 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2021-09-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030575700

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Tigris and Euphrates Rivers: Their Environment from Headwaters to Mouth by Laith A. Jawad Pdf

The system of the Tigris-Euphrates Rivers is one of the great river systems of southwestern Asia. It comprises the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, which follow roughly parallel courses through the heart of the Middle East. The lower portion of the region that they run through is known as Mesopotamia, was one of the cradles of civilisation. There are several environmental factors that govern the nature of the two rivers and shape the landscape the two rivers running through. Geological events create rivers, climate monitor the water supply, the surrounding land influences the vegetation and the physical and chemical features of water. The Tigris-Euphrates system runs through the territory of four countries, Iraq, Iran, Turkey and Syria. Therefore, any scientific approach to the environment of these two rivers should include the natural history events in these countries. The book "Tigris and Euphrates Rivers: Their Environment from Headwaters to Mouth" will be divided into nine parts. These parts deal with the issues of the environment, the status of the flora and fauna, the abiotic aspects, ecology, hydrological regime of the two rivers, the biotic aspects. Water resources, stress of the environment, conservation issues. Since the book of Julian Rzoska "Euphrates and Tigris Mesopotamian Ecology and Destiny" in 1980, no book or major reference has been published that includes between its cover the facts and information that the present book will present. Therefore, the importance of the present book falls in stating the present status of the environment of the two rivers and the comparison of their environment between now and that of 37 years ago as given by J. Rzoska (1980). The recent studies showed that there are a large number of natural and political events that happened within the last three decades in the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system that for sure have done a great change to the environment of the two rivers and consequently changing the biological and non-biological resources of the two rivers. This book will be a reference book to both Academic and students across the Middle East in different disciplines of knowledge to use in their researches on Tigris-Euphrates river system. The scholars interested in this area will use this book as a guide to compare this freshwater system with other areas in Asia and the world.

Author : Christian Ploberger
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 131 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000891218

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River Basins and International Relations by Christian Ploberger Pdf

This book argues that river basins represent a particular structural setting in international relations with the potential for generating a dynamic of cooperation among the involved countries. The volume applies the concept of regional cooperation to international river basins to highlight their relevance as a particular space in international relations, emphasizing both the inter-connectivity and transnationalism of international river basins. It addresses the challenges related to resource distribution between up- and down-stream countries, showcasing a variety of examples of cooperation and conflictual relations within various international river basins. Case studies are drawn from across the globe and include the Mekong, the Indus, the Euphrates-Tigris and the Danube international river basins. Each chapter outlines the different aspects which support or undermine cooperation in each case, taking into consideration key areas surrounding resource sharing, national development, environmental considerations and national security. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars with an interest in international river basins, regional cooperation, water resource competition, international relations and environmental politics.

Author : Hayk Gabrielyan
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2024
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783658440701

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Turkey's Water Policy as Part of the Political Strategy by Hayk Gabrielyan Pdf

Author : Metin Turan,Ertan Yildirim
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2022-07-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781839692123

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New Generation of Organic Fertilizers by Metin Turan,Ertan Yildirim Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive overview of organic fertilizers and their importance in sustainable agriculture, biodiversity, and the environment. It presents new approaches, ideas, and trends on how to increase the effectiveness of chemical fertilizers as well as the resistance of plants against biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Chapters address such topics as the benefits of organic fertilizers over their chemical counterparts, vermicomposting, organic farming, insects in organic fertilizer production, and much more.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2023-11-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781803563381

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Floristic Diversity - Biology and Conservation by Anonim Pdf

Floristic Diversity - Biology and Conservation invites you to embark on a remarkable exploration of our planet’s rich tapestry of plant life, from the arid deserts to the aquatic realms. This book is a call to action, a passionate plea to become stewards of our natural world. Delve into the intricate beauty of our flora and aquatic ecosystems, and together, let us ensure a thriving biodiversity for future generations.

Author : Saeid Eslamian,Faezeh Eslamian
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 589 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2023-05-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000865240

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Handbook of Irrigation Hydrology and Management by Saeid Eslamian,Faezeh Eslamian Pdf

Ever-increasing population growth has caused a proportional increased demand for water, and existing water sources are depleting day by day. Moreover, with the impact of climate change, the rates of rainfall in many regions have experienced a higher degree of variability. In many cities, government utilities have been struggling to maintain sufficient water for the residents and other users. The Handbook of Irrigation Hydrology and Management: Irrigation Methods examines and analyzes irrigated ecosystems in which water storage, applications, or drainage volumes are artificially controlled in the landscape and the spatial domain of processes varies from micrometers to tens of kilometers, while the temporal domain spans from seconds to centuries. The continuum science of irrigation hydrology includes the surface, subsurface (unsaturated and groundwater systems), atmospheric, and plant subsystems. Further, the book addresses the best practices for various types of irrigation methods including pressure, smart, surface, and subsurface, and presents solutions for water scarcity and soil salinity in irrigation. Features: Offers water-saving strategies to increase the judicious use of scarce water resources Presents strategies to maximize agricultural yield per unit of water used for different regions Compares irrigation methods to offset changing weather patterns and impacts of climate change

Author : Joost Jongerden
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 674 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2021-07-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429559068

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The Routledge Handbook on Contemporary Turkey by Joost Jongerden Pdf

This Handbook discusses the new political and social realities in Turkey from a range of perspectives, emphasizing both changes as well as continuities. Contextualizing recent developments, the chapters, written by experts in their fields, combine analytical depth with a broad overview. In the last few years alone, Turkey has experienced a failed coup attempt; a prolonged state of emergency; the development of a presidential system based on the supreme power of the head of state; a crackdown on traditional and new media, universities and civil society organizations; the detention of journalists, mayors and members of parliament; the establishment of political tutelage over the judiciary; and a staggering economic crisis. It has also terminated talks with the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK); intervened in and occupied mountainous border areas in northern Iraq to fight that organization; occupied Afrin and strips of territory in northern Syria; intervened in Libya; articulated an assertive transnational politics toward “kin” across the world; strained its relations with the European Union and the US, while developing relations with Russia; flirted with China’s intercontinental Belt and Road Initiative; and carved out a presence in Africa, to name just a few of the most recent developments. This volume provides a comprehensive and wide-ranging overview of the making of modern Turkey. It is a key reference for students and scholars interested in political economy, security studies, international relations and Turkish studies.

Author : Jan Dirk Blom
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 797 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2023-06-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783031252488

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A Dictionary of Hallucinations by Jan Dirk Blom Pdf

The Dictionary of Hallucinations, second edition, is an alphabetical listing of issues pertaining to hallucinations and other misperceptions. They can be roughly divided into four categories: 1. Definitions of individual hallucinatory symptoms 2. Medical conditions and substances associated with the mediation of hallucinations 3. Historical figures who are known to have experienced hallucinations 4. Miscellaneous issues Each of the definitions of individual hallucinatory symptoms includes: a definition of the term its etymological origin the year of introduction (if known) a reference to the author or authors who introduced the term (if known) a description of the current use a brief explanation of the etiology and pathophysiology of the symptom at hand (if known) references to related terms references to the literature The second edition of A Dictionary of Hallucinations serves as a reference manual for neuroscientists, psychiatrists, psychiatric residents, psychologists, neurologists, historians of psychiatry, general practitioners, and academics dealing professionally with concepts of hallucinations and other sensory deceptions. This new edition provides updated information and references, and includes newly discovered hallucinations, bringing together contributions by other authorities within the field, with all the entries edited by Prof. Blom.

Author : Cecilia Veracini,Bernard Wood
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 794 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2024-05-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351981873

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Primates in History, Myth, Art, and Science by Cecilia Veracini,Bernard Wood Pdf

Non-human primates (hereafter just primates) play a special role in human societies, especially in regions where modern humans and primates co-exist. Primates feature in myths and legends and in traditional indigenous knowledge. Explorers observed them in the wild and brought them, at great cost, to Europe. There they were valued as pets and for display, their images featured in art and architecture, and where they were literally teased apart by scientists. The international team of contributors to this book draws these different perspectives together to show how primates helped humans better understand their own place in nature. The book will be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students as well scholars in disciplines ranging from anthropology to art history. Key features: Includes contributions from an international team of historians and natural scientists Integrates various perspectives and perceptions of non-human primates across time and place Summarizes the place of non-human primates in science, art and culture Includes rare early illustrations

Author : Shane Mountjoy
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
Page : 123 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Euphrates River
ISBN : 9780791082461

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The Tigris & Euphrates River [i.e. Rivers] by Shane Mountjoy Pdf

Discusses the two Fertile Crescent rivers, including their significant role in all periods of the history of the region, their geographical features, and the modern-day environmental and political issues surrounding their use.

Author : Benjamin Reilly
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2022-04-29
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781476688091

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Disaster and Human History by Benjamin Reilly Pdf

Human history is periodically punctuated by natural disasters, from Vesuvius' eruption to the modern-day Covid-19 pandemic. Volcanoes have buried entire cities, earthquakes have reduced structures to smoldering ruins. Floods and cyclones have wreaked havoc on river valleys and coastlines, and desertification and climate change have weakened society's underpinnings. Death tolls are often escalated by starvation and illness, which frequently occur in tandem. This second edition assesses natural disasters on human society and the effect of strategies developed to reduce their impact. This book addresses the interconnectivity of disaster and human responsibility through 23 updated case studies, including a new chapter on the 2011 Tōhoku tsunami and the ensuing Fukushima nuclear disaster.

Author : Earle Rice
Publisher : Mitchell Lane Publishers, Inc.
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2012-09-30
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781612283715

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The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers by Earle Rice Pdf

There are few rivers in the world which can boast a history as long and as colorful as the Tigris and Eurphrates. Known in ancient times as Mesopotamia, the region between the two rivers and surrounding them is called the “Cradle of Civilization.” Sumer, the world’s first major civilization, originated and grew up on the banks of the two rivers because of the fertile soil the rivers helped to produce. Several other important civilizations, such as Babylonia and Assyria, followed Sumer in succeeding centuries. Many of the world’s most important inventions, such as writing, originated here. But all is not well with the rivers today. Several countries compete for the previous, life–giving water of the Tigris and Euphrates. Climate change threatens to reduce the amount of this water.

Author : Gary G. Miller,Gary Miller
Publisher : Rivers Around the World
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 0778774481

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The Tigris and Euphrates by Gary G. Miller,Gary Miller Pdf

An exploration of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers that discusses their geologic histories and natural resources, and explores how they are used by humans and efforts to protect them.

Author : William T. Kump
Publisher : Morgan James Publishing
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781630472269

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The Land, the Seed and the Blessing by William T. Kump Pdf

A profoundly detailed and comprehensive handbook that brings order and clarity to the many stories of the Bible. The Land, the Seed and the Blessing is a unique and comprehensive handbook to the Bible that lays out the events of the Bible in chronological order and details where they occurred. Its unique organization reveals the many stories of the Bible as if it were a sprawling, page-turning historic novel. The clarity of Kump’s Herculean efforts serves to deepen one’s relationship to the Bible, faith, and God. The Land, the Seed and the Blessing is perfect for the average pew sitter who cannot put it all together; the young parent-inquirer who is somewhat intimidated about church and Bible; students in a college level semester Bible course; and preachers who want to do the Bible in 48 sermons of 20 to 50 minutes each.

Author : United States United States Army War College
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2014-10-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1503029824

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Civilization's Drying Cradle by United States United States Army War College Pdf

The finite water supply of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is increasingly imbalanced with the demands of Turkey, Syria, and Iraq. Turkey's GAP project, which will eventually include 22 dams and 19 hydroelectric plants in the upper Tigris-Euphrates basin, gives Turkey tremendous ability to control both rivers, and provides significant political and economic influence over Syria and Iraq. The countries have failed to reach a water-sharing agreement, and Turkish and Syrian stockpiling to fill reservoirs nearly led to military conflicts with Iraq in 1974 and 1990. Recent drought-induced low river flows have led to accusations that Turkey is holding back more than its fair share of water. This paper details the nature of water shortages in the Tigris and Euphrates basin, discusses relationships between upstream-downstream riparian states, analyzes whether international water laws are sufficiently developed to influence Turkey, Syria, and Iraq toward a long-term solution, and explains the importance of a U.S. role, with policy options for promoting equitable water-sharing between these states. Lastly, this paper describes steps Iraq must take to improve its water security, with or without a water-sharing agreement with Turkey and Syria.