Tissue Culture Of Trees

Author : J.M. Bonga,Patrick Aderkas
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789401580588

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In Vitro Culture of Trees by J.M. Bonga,Patrick Aderkas Pdf

Woody plants provide many challenges to the tissue culturist. Although there are many excellent tissue culture books and manuals available, these are generally strongly biased towards herbacious crops. Consequently, they often do not pay sufficient attention to the problems that specifically apply to in vitro culture of tree species. Culture of the latter often poses problems which are either absent or of lesser significance when culturing herbacious species. When trees in the field are used as explant source, the problems can be especially severe. For example, the physiological condition of the explants is difficult to control because of variation in weather and biotic factors. Furthermore, it is often difficult to obtain explants free of contaminants from field grown trees. Lack of genetic uniformity and maturation are additional problems one often has to deal with when culturing tree cells or tissues. These problems are emphasized in this text. In vitro culture of trees is not viewed in isolation. It is considered in conjunction with breeding, traditional cloning and other common tree improvement techniques. The text discusses theoretical as well as practical aspects of the in vitro culture of trees.

Author : Randolph R. Henke,Karen W. Hughes,Milton J. Constantin,Alexander Hollaender,Claire M. Wilson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781489903785

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Tissue Culture in Forestry and Agriculture by Randolph R. Henke,Karen W. Hughes,Milton J. Constantin,Alexander Hollaender,Claire M. Wilson Pdf

This symposium is the third in a series featuring the propaga tion of higher plants through tissue culture. The first of these symposia, entitled "A Bridge Between Research and Application," was held at the University in 1978 and was published by the Technical Information Center, Department of Energy. The second symposium, on "Emerging Technologies and Strategies," was held in 1980 and pub lished as a special issue of Environmental and Experimental Botany. One of the aims of these symposia was to examine the current state of-the-art in tissue culture technology and to relate this state of technology to practical, applied, and commercial interests. Thus, the third of this series on development and variation focused on embryogenesis in culture: how to recognize it, factors which affect embryogenesis, use of embryogenic systems, etc.; and variability from culture. A special session on woody species again emphasized somatic embryogenesis as a means of rapid propagation. This volume emphasizes tissue culture of forest trees. All of these areas, we feel, are breakthrough areas in which significant progress is expected in the next few years.

Author : John H. Dodds
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468466911

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Tissue Culture of Trees by John H. Dodds Pdf

1 John H. Dodds The culture offragmen ts of plant tissue is not a particularly new science, in fact as long ago as 1893 Rechinger (1893) described the formation of callus on isolated fragments of stems and roots. The culture of plant tissues in vitro on a nutrient medium was performed by Haberlandt (1902), however, his attempts were unsuccessful because he chose too simple a medium that lacked critical growth factors. Over the last fifty years there has been a surge of development in plant tissue culture techniques and a host of techniques are now avail able (Dodds and Roberts, 1982). The major areas are as follows. Callus Culture Callus is a rather ill-dermed material. but is usually described as an un organised proliferating mass of tissue. Although callus cultures have a great deal of potential in the biotechnological aspects of tissue culture, i.e. secondary product formation, they are not very suitable for plant propagation. The key reason for their unsuitability is that genetic aber rations occur during mitotic divisions in callus growth (D'amato.l965). The aberrations can be of a major type, such as aneuploidy or endo reduplication. It follows therefore that the genetic status of the re generated plants is different from that of the parent type. In general terms this genetic instability is undesirable, but there are occasions when a callus stage can be purposely included to diversify the genetic base of the crop.

Author : J.M. Bonga,D.J. Durzan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789401709927

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Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry by J.M. Bonga,D.J. Durzan Pdf

Author : J.M. Bonga,D.J. Durzan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789400944848

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Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry by J.M. Bonga,D.J. Durzan Pdf

2. 2. Plant materials 2. 3. Pregrowth conditions 2. 4. Cryoprotectant treatment 2. 5. Freezing 2. 5. 1. Slow freezing 2. 5. 2. Rapid freezing 2. 5. 3. Droplet freezing 2. 6. Storage 2. 7. Thawing 2. 8. Viability testing 2. 9. Post-thaw regrowth 3. EXAMPLES OF CRYOPRESERVATION OF WOODY PLANT MATERIAL 4. POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF CRYOPRESERVATION IN TREE IMPROVEMENT 17. NURSERY HANDLING OF PROPAGULES - J. A. Driver, and 320 G. R. L. Suttle 1. INTRODUCTION 2. COMMERCIAL NURSERY NEEDS VS. LABORATORY PRACTICE 3. SEASONALITY OF GROWTH AND PRODUCTION CYCLES 4. MICROPROPAGATION OPTIONS 4. 1. Trends in commercial micropropagation 4. 1. 1. Contract micropropagation 5. FACTORS AFFECTING SURVIVAL AND GROWTH 5. 1. Hardening of propagules in vitro 5. 2. Greenhouse considerationS------ 5. 3. Field planting 5. 4. New approaches: Direct field rooting 5. 4. 1. Pretreatment in vitro 5. 4. 2. Root induction 5. 4. 3. Field placement 18. MYCORRHIZAE - R. K. Dixon, and D. H. Marx 336 1. INTRODUCTION 2. ROLE OF MYCORRHIZAE IN TREE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 3. PRODUCTION AND APPLICATION OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGUS INOCULUM 3. 1. Bareroot stock 3. 2. Container-grown stock 4. FIELD TRIALS WITH ECTOMYCORRHIZAL PLANTING STOCK 5. PRODUCTION AND APPLICATION OF ENDOMYCORRHIZAL INOCULUM 6. FIELD TRIALS WITH ENDOMYCORRHIZAL 7. RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES 8. SUMMARY 351 19. TISSUE CULTURE APPLICATIUN TO FOREST PATHOLOGY AND PEST CONTROL - A. M. Diner, and D. F. Karnosky 1. INTRODUCTION 2. HOST AND PATHOGEN: CULTURE AND CHALLENGE 2. 1.

Author : S.Mohan Jain,H. Häggman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 548 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2007-09-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402063527

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Protocols for Micropropagation of Woody Trees and Fruits by S.Mohan Jain,H. Häggman Pdf

Micropropagation has become a reliable and routine approach for large-scale rapid plant multiplication, which is based on plant cell, tissue and organ culture on well defined tissue culture media under aseptic conditions. A lot of research efforts are being made to develop and refine micropropagation methods and culture media for large-scale plant multiplication of several number of plant species. However, many forest and fruit tree species still remain recalcitrant to in vitro culture and require highly specific culture conditions for plant growth and development. The recent challenges on plant cell cycle regulation and the presented potential molecular mechanisms of recalcitrance are providing excellent background for understanding on totipotency and what is more development of micropropagation protocols. For large-scale in vitro plant production the important attributes are the quality, cost effectiveness, maintenance of genetic fidelity, and long-term storage. The need for appropriate in vitro plant regeneration methods for woody plants, including both forest and fruit trees, is still overwhelming in order to overcome problems facing micropropagation such as somaclonal variation, recalcitrant rooting, hyperhydricity, polyphenols, loss of material during hardening and quality of plant material. Moreover, micropropagation may be utilized, in basic research, in production of virus-free planting material, cryopreservation of endangered and elite woody species, applications in tree breeding and reforestation.

Author : J. H. Dodds
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 145 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:708516189

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Tissue Culture of Trees by J. H. Dodds Pdf

Author : J.M. Bonga,D.J. Durzan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789401735384

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Tissue Culture in Forestry by J.M. Bonga,D.J. Durzan Pdf

2. IMPORTANCE OF NITROGEN METABOLISM 2. 1. Range of naturally occurring nitrogenous components in forest trees 2. 2. Gene expression and mapping 2. 3. Metabolic changes in organized and unorganized systems 2. 4. Nitrogen and nutrition 2. 5. Aspects of intermediary nitrogen metabolism 3. NITROGEN METABOLISM IN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 3. 1. Precultural factors 3. 2. Callus formation 3. 3. Cell suspensions 3. 3. 1. Conifers 3. 3. 2. Acer 3. 4. Morphogenesis 3. 4. 1. Nitrogen metabolism of natural embryos 3. 4. 2. Somatic embryogenesis 3. 4. 2. 1. Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) 3. 4. 2. 2. Douglar-fir and loblolly pine 3. 4. 3. Organogenesis 4. OUTLOOK 11. CARBOHYDRATE UTILIZATION AND METABOLISM - T. A. Thorpe 325 1. INTRODUCTION 2. NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS 3. CARBOHYDRATE UPTAKE 4. CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM 4. 1. Sucrose degradation 4. 2. Metabolism of other carbon sources 4. 3. Hexose mobilization and metabolism 4. 3. 1. Cell cycle studies 4. 3. 2. Growth studies 4. 3. 3. Organized development 4. 4. Cell wall biogenesis 4. 4. 1. Primary cell walls 4. 4. 2. Cell wall turnover 4. 4. 3. Secondary cell walls 4. 5. Carbon skeleton utilization 5. OSMOTIC ROLE 6. CONCLUDING THOUGHTS 369 12. THE USE OF IN VITRO TECHNIQUES FOR GENETIC MODIFICATIO~FOREST TREES - E. G. Kirby 1. INTRODUCTION 2. IN VITRO SELECTION 2. 1. Natural variation 2. 2. Induction of variation 2. 3. Selection techniques 2. 4. Plant regeneration 2 . • 5. Applications x 3. SOMATIC HYBRIDIZATION 3. 1.

Author : J. M. Bonga,D. J. Durzan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Forests and forestry
ISBN : 9024726603

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Tissue Culture in Forestry by J. M. Bonga,D. J. Durzan Pdf

Author : 3Island Press
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1983-04-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1468466925

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Tissue Culture of Trees by 3Island Press Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Plant tissue culture
ISBN : OCLC:221258006

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Micropropagation of Forest Trees Through Tissue Culture by Anonim Pdf

Author : J.M. Bonga,D.J. Durzan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401709941

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Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry by J.M. Bonga,D.J. Durzan Pdf

Since the first edition of our book "Tissue Culture in Fores try" in 1982 we have witnessed remarkable advances in cell and tissue culture technologies with woody perennials. In addition to forest biologists in government, industry, and universities, we now have molecular biologists, genetic engineers, and biochemists using cell and tissue cultures of woody species routinely. There fore, the time has come for an update of the earlier edition. In our present effort to cover new developments we have expanded to three volumes: 1. General principles and Biotechnology 2. Specific Principles and Methods: Growth and Development 3. Case Histories: Gymnosperms, Angiosperms and Palms The scientific barriers to progress in tree improvement are not so much lack of foreign gene expression in plants but our current inabili ty to regenerate plants in true-to-type fashion on a mas sive and economic scale. To achieve this in the form of an appro pr iate biotechnology, cell and tissue culture will increasing ly require a better understanding of basic principles in chemistry and physics that determine structural and functional relationships among molecules and macromolecules (proteins, RNA, DNA) within cells and tissues. These principles and their relationship with the culture medium and its physical environment, principles of clonal propagation, and genetic variation and ultrastructure are discussed in volume one.

Author : Indra K. Vasil,Trevor A. Thorpe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 593 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401726818

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Plant Cell and Tissue Culture by Indra K. Vasil,Trevor A. Thorpe Pdf

Plant Cell and Tissue Culture gives an exhaustive account of plant cell culture and genetic transformation, including detailed chapters on all major field and plantation crops. Part A presents a comprehensive coverage of all necessary laboratory techniques for the initiation, nutrition, maintenance and storage of plant cell and tissue cultures, including discussions on these topics, as well as on morphogenesis and regeneration, meristem and shoot tip culture, plant protoplasts, mutant cell lines, variation in tissue cultures, isogenic lines, fertilization control, cryopreservation, transformation, and the production of secondary metabolites. Part B then proceeds into detail on the specific in vitro culture of specific crops, including cereals, legumes, vegetables, potatoes, other roots and tubers, oilseeds, temperate fruits, tropical fruits, plantation crops, forest trees and ornamentals. Plant Cell and Tissue Culture is, and is likely to remain, the laboratory manual of choice, as well as a source of inspiration and a guide to all workers in the field.

Author : Y. P. S. Bajaj
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 524 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642764226

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High-Tech and Micropropagation II by Y. P. S. Bajaj Pdf

Second in the series, High-Tech and Micropropagation, this work covers the micropropagation of trees and fruit-bearing plants, such as poplar, birches, larch, American sweetgum, black locust, Sorbus, sandalwood, Quercus, cedar, Persian walnut, date palm, cocoa, Citrus, olive, apple, pear, peach, plum, cherry, papaya, pineapple, kiwi, Japanese persimmon, grapevine, strawberry, and raspberry. The importance and distribution of conventional propagation and in vitro studies on individual species are discussed. In particular detail, the transfer of in vitro plants to the greenhouse or the field, and the prospects of commercial exploitation are examined. The book will be of use to advanced students, research workers and teachers in horticulture, forestry and plant biotechnology in general, and also to individuals interested in industrial micropropagation.

Author : M.R. Ahuja
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 510 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401581165

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Micropropagation of Woody Plants by M.R. Ahuja Pdf

This volume covers recent advances in the vegetative propagation of woody plants by tissue culture. A wide range of topics relevant to micropropagation of woody plants are discussed by renowned international scientists. These include cellular contro of morphogenesis, light regimes in tissue culture, maturation and rejuvenation, synthetic seed, genetics of micropropagated plants, haploid embryogenesis, protoplast culture, and acclimatization of ex vitro woody plants. In addition to micropropagation of selected woody plants, both gymnosperms and angiosperms, this volume also includes in vitro genetic selection, strategic planning for application of biotechnology for genetics and breeding, and clonal options for woody plant improvement. A balanced view of both perspectives and limitations of woody plant micropropagation is presented.