To What Extent Is Word Stress Predictable In English

Author : David Stehling
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 14 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-11-26
Category : Literary Collections
ISBN : 9783656319696

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To What Extent is Word Stress Predictable in English by David Stehling Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: A, University of Wales, Bangor, course: Phonology, language: English, abstract: In many languages word stress is quite predictable: in Czech the first syllable of a word always carries the main stress. In French the ultimate syllable is the most prominent each time. The penultimate syllable is constantly stressed in Polish. As can be seen, there are strict general rules with respect to a word’s stress. In English, however, the stressing of a lexeme appears to be arbitrary rather than following certain stress rules. The spelling does not indicate a word’s pronunciation, let alone its stress. Moreover, the stress may even differ within the same word. Thus, thir'teen can be stressed on the last syllable, but in an environment of another word, e.g. 'thirteen 'pints, it can also be pronounced with a prominent first syllable in order to keep eurhythmy. Nevertheless, it looks like native speakers have a perceptual ability to say how many syllables a word has and to tell which syllable receives the most stress. Therefore, Carr (1999) considers three trisyllabic non-English words: Gigondas, Zaventem and tavola. The author points out that English speakers always tend to stress the penultimate syllable mispronouncing each of theses words. Why do speakers with English as their mother tongue react in this way? Is this a proof of generalisation and existing stress patterns? In this essay it is discussed whether the primary stress of singular words has to be learned, e.g. like their spelling or the sequence of their phonemes, or if the stressing of a lexeme follows internalized rules (due to a lack of space, secondary stress shall be excluded here). For a more concise analysis of the issue, three main bases concerning primary stress patterns are examined: the syntactic, morphological and phonological information of a word.

Author : Ivan Poldauf
Publisher : Pergamon
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : UOM:39015019046187

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English Word Stress by Ivan Poldauf Pdf

Author : Erik Fudge
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2015-06-18
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317380306

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English Word-Stress by Erik Fudge Pdf

First published in 1984, this book was designed to benefit the foreign learner who wishes to grasp the essential basis of English stress so that he or she can go on to predict stress patterns in new words. It is aimed at teachers of English as a foreign language and helps them to communicate English stress effectively to their students. The book bridges the gap between books that are mainly anecdotal or abstract, practical or theoretical, or made up of lists or principles.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : English language
ISBN : UCSB:31205017855659

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English Teaching Forum by Anonim Pdf

Author : Alan Cruttenden
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1997-10-13
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0521598257

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Intonation by Alan Cruttenden Pdf

This updated edition remains the basic reference book for all these concerned with speech in any way.

Author : Bill Wells,Joy Stackhouse
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-12-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118947623

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Children's Intonation by Bill Wells,Joy Stackhouse Pdf

Children’s Intonation is a practical guide that focuses on the nature, causes and assessment of intonation problems for children and adolescents. Highlighting the importance of intonation for everyday conversational interaction and the implications of this for teaching and therapy contexts, this book addresses the following questions: How and when do children learn to use intonation for the purposes of interaction? As children get older, does intonation become more important or less important for communication? How might intonation be used to support or compensate for other aspects of language? What are the implications for practitioners, parents and caregivers when interacting with young children? Clinically oriented, this book explores these questions through case studies that cover a range of developmental communication difficulties including autism spectrum disorders, hearing impairment and specific speech and language difficulties. It provides readers with a tool for profiling children’s intonation skills, a developmental phase model to explain typical and atypical intonation development, a psycholinguistic model of intonation processing, interactional perspectives on intonation use, and consideration of intonation in relation to both written and spoken language. It also includes acccess to a companion website with extra resources.

Author : Ulrike Gut,Robert Fuchs,Eva-Maria Wunder
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2015-03-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110394580

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Universal or Diverse Paths to English Phonology by Ulrike Gut,Robert Fuchs,Eva-Maria Wunder Pdf

The book is concerned with the acquisition of English phonology, both segmental and suprasegmental, by learners of English as a second language, as a third language and by speakers of a postcolonial (“new”) variety of English. It focuses on the acquisition process and factors influencing it, based on insights from all three disciplines.

Author : Elizabeth C. Zsiga
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 645 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2024-04-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781119878483

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The Sounds of Language by Elizabeth C. Zsiga Pdf

The fully updated, new edition of the bestselling introduction to phonetics and phonology The Sounds of Language presents a comprehensive introduction to both the physical and cognitive aspects of speech sounds. Assuming no prior knowledge of phonetics or phonology, this student-friendly textbook clearly explains fundamental concepts and theories, describes key phonetic and phonological phenomena, explores the history and intersection of the two fields, offers practical advice on collecting and reading data, and more. Twenty-four concise chapters, written in non-technical language, are organized into six sections that each focus on a particular sub-discipline: Articulatory Phonetics, Acoustic Phonetics, Segmental Phonology, Suprasegmental Phonology, the Phonology/Morphology Interface, and Variation and Change. The book's flexible modular approach allows instructors to easily choose, re-order, combine, or skip sections to meet the needs of one- and two-semester courses of varying levels. Now in its second edition, The Sounds of Language contains updated references, new problem sets, new examples, and links to new online material. The new edition features new chapters on Lexical Phonology; Word Structure and Sound Structure; and Variation, Probability, and Phonological Theory. Chapters on Sociolinguistic Variation, Child Language Acquisition, and Adult Language Learning have also been extensively updated and revised. Offering uniquely broad and balanced coverage of the theory and practice of two major branches of linguistics, The Sounds of Language: Covers a wide range of topics in phonetics and phonology, from the anatomy of the vocal tract to the cognitive processes behind the comprehension of speech sounds Features critical reviews of different approaches that have been used to address phonetics and phonology problems Integrates data on sociolinguistic variation, first language acquisition, and second language learning Surveys key phonological theories, common phonological processes, and computational techniques for speech analysis Contains numerous exercises and progressively challenging problem sets that allow students to practice data analysis and hypothesis testing Includes access to a companion website with additional exercises, sound files, and other supporting resources The Sounds of Language: An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology, Second Edition, remains the ideal textbook for undergraduate and beginning graduate classes on phonology and phonetics, as well as related courses in linguistics, applied linguistics, speech science, language acquisition, and cognitive science programs.

Author : Charles W. Kreidler
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780470759233

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The Pronunciation of English by Charles W. Kreidler Pdf

This revised second edition provides an introduction to the phonetics and phonology of English. It incorporates all central aspects of research in the phonology of English and involves the reader at every step, with over 80 exercises leading students to discover facts, to formulate general statements, and to apply concepts. Discusses the nature of speech and phonetic description, the principles of phonological analysis, the consonants and vowels of English and their possible sequences. Provides extensive treatment of rhythm, stress, and intonation and the role of these prosodic elements in discourse. Includes more than 80 exercises with feedback and glossary of technical terms. Incorporates developments in phonology since the first edition appeared.

Author : Geneviève Escure,Armin Schwegler
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2004-10-13
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027295088

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Creoles, Contact, and Language Change by Geneviève Escure,Armin Schwegler Pdf

This volume contains a selection of fifteen papers presented at three consecutive meetings of the Society for Pidgin and Creole Linguistics, held in Washington, D.C. (January 2001); Coimbra, Portugal (June 2001); and San Francisco (January 2002). The fifteen articles offer a balanced sampling of creolists’ current research interests. All of the contributions address questions directly relevant to pidgin/creole studies and other contact languages. The majority of papers address issues of morphology or syntax. Some of the contributions make use of phonological analysis while others study language development from the point of view of acquisition. A few papers examine discourse strategies and style, or broader issues of social and ethnic identity. While this array of topics and perspectives is reflective of the diversity of the field, there is also much common ground in that all of the papers adduce solid data corpora to support their analyses. The range of languages analyzed spans the planet, as approximately twenty contact varieties are studied in this volume.

Author : Alfred Buregeya
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-08-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781614516255

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Kenyan English by Alfred Buregeya Pdf

English in Kenya is a stable post-colonial variety that is used as an inter-ethnic lingua franca in private domains, is the medium of instruction as well as the language spoken in parliament and court rooms. Yet so far no comprehensive research monograph on Kenyan English has been published that surveys its characteristic linguistic features. The present book closes this gap by giving a full description of the characteristic linguistic features of Kenyan English. The book provides an in-depth overview of Kenyan English phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics and also gives a meticulous account of the diachronic evolution of this post-colonial variety.

Author : Wim de Haas
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2010-10-13
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110869248

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A Formal Theory of Vowel Coalescence by Wim de Haas Pdf

A Formal Theory of Vowel Coalescence : A Case Study of Ancient Greek Publications in Language Sciences.

Author : Denise E. Murray,MaryAnn Christison
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2019-02-01
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9781351139830

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What English Language Teachers Need to Know Volume I by Denise E. Murray,MaryAnn Christison Pdf

Designed for pre-service teachers and teachers new to the field of ELT, What English Teachers Need to Know Volumes I, II, and III are companion textbooks organized around the key question: What do teachers need to know and be able to do in order for their students to learn English? In the Second Edition of Volume I, Murray and Christison return to this essential question and call attention to emerging trends and challenges affecting the contemporary classroom. Addressing new skills and strategies that EFL teachers require to meet the needs of their shifting student populations who are impacted by changing demographics, digital environments, and globalization, this book, which is grounded in current research, offers a strong emphasis on practical applications for classroom teaching. This updated and expanded Second Edition features: a new chapter on technology in TESOL new and updated classroom examples throughout discussions of how teachers can prepare for contemporary challenges, such as population mobility and globalization The comprehensive texts work for teachers across different contexts—where English is the dominant language, an official language, or a foreign language; for different levels—elementary/primary, secondary, university, or adult education; and for different learning purposes—general English, workplace English, English for academic purposes, or English for specific purposes.

Author : Rob Goedemans,Jeffrey Heinz,Harry van der Hulst
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2018-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781107164031

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The Study of Word Stress and Accent by Rob Goedemans,Jeffrey Heinz,Harry van der Hulst Pdf

Explores the nature of stress and accent patterns in natural language using a diverse range of theories, methods and data.

Author : Ian R. A. MacKay
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 479 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2023-05-11
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781108694339

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Phonetics and Speech Science by Ian R. A. MacKay Pdf

Phonetics is a fundamental building block not just in linguistics but also in fields such as communication disorders. However, introductions to phonetics can often assume a background in linguistics, whilst at the same time overlooking the clinical and scientific aspects of the field. This textbook fills this gap by providing a comprehensive yet accessible overview of phonetics that delves into the fundamental science underlying the production of speech. Written with beginners in mind, it focuses on the anatomy and physiology of speech, while at the same time explaining the very basics of phonetics, such as the phonemes of English, the International Phonetic Alphabet, and phonetic transcription systems. It presents the sounds of speech as elements of linguistic structure and as the result of complex biological mechanics. It explains complicated terminology in a clear, easy-to-understand way, and provides examples from a range of languages, from disorders of speech, and from language learning.