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Author : Peter G. Baines
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 559 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2022-01-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781108481526
Explore the nature of density-stratified flow over and around topography, including applications to the flow of the atmosphere and ocean.
Author : R. Grimshaw
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780792376057
The dynamics of flows in density-stratified fluids are an important topic for scientific enquiry. Flows arise in many contexts, ranging from industrial settings to the oceanic and atmospheric environments. Both the ocean and atmosphere are characterized by the basic vertical density stratification, and this feature can affect the dynamics on all scales ranging from the micro-scale to the planetary scale. This volume provides a state-of-the-art account of stratified flows as they are relevant to the ocean and atmosphere, with a primary focus on meso-scale phenomena; that is, phenomena whose time and space scales are such that the density stratification is a dominant effect, so that frictional and diffusive effects on the one hand and the effects of the earth's rotation on the other, can be regarded as of less importance. Environmental Stratified Flows is essential to researchers in the field of oceanography, coastal and marine engineering, and environmental fluid dynamics.
Author : I. P. Castro,N. J. Rockliff,Institute of Mathematics and Its Applications
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : UOM:39015032097407
The first papers of this conference addressed the long-standing issues of the nature of the upstream effects that occur in stratified flow over obstacles (P G Baines, CSIRO, Australia, A P Taylor, York University, Ontario, Canada; K W Ayotte, Boulder, Colorado, USA). Then followed a sessionon internal wave motions followed by a session on modelling the atmospheric boundary layer (J C King, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge; A Kay, Loughborogh University of Technology). There was a session on numerical modelling (O Matais, Instite de Mecanique de Grenoble, France; A S Smedman,Uppsala University). The various aspects of dispersion were discussed and the final papers in the conference described laboratory experiments on flow and dispersion around buildings in light wind conditions.
Author : Vincenzo Armenio,Sutanu Sarkar
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2007-03-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783211380789
This book covers the theory of stratified flows, from basic concepts to recent developments in environmental fluid mechanics. State-of-the-art numerical techniques suited for stratified flows are given, along with results of recent research in the areas of environmental stratified flows. The book offers a unified view of stratified turbulent flows, from small-scale mixing to large-scale environmental phenomena, including detailed discussion on interaction between turbulence and internal gravity waves.
Author : Roger Grimshaw
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2006-04-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306480249
The dynamics of flows in density-stratified fluids has been and remains now an important topic for scientific enquiry. Such flows arise in many contexts, ranging from industrial settings to the oceanic and atmospheric environments. It is the latter topic which is the focus of this book. Both the ocean and atmosphere are characterised by the basic vertical density stratification, and this feature can affect the dynamics on all scales ranging from the micro-scale to the planetary scale. The aim of this book is to provide a “state-of-the-art” account of stratified flows as they are relevant to the ocean and atmosphere with a primary focus on meso-scale phenomena; that is, on phenomena whose time and space scales are such that the density stratification is a dominant effect, so that frictional and diffusive effects on the one hand and the effects of the earth’s rotation on the other hand can be regarded as of less importance. This in turn leads to an emphasis on internal waves.
Author : Gerhard H. Jirka,Wim S.J. Uijttewaal
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 692 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2004-09-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 0203027329
This text presents the key findings of the International Symposium held in Delft in 2003, which explored the process of shallow flows. Shallow flows are found in lowland rivers, lakes, estuaries, bays, coastal areas and in density-stratified atmospheres, and may be observed in puddles, as in oceans. They impact on the life and work of a w
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:946686178
Stratified flow over topography is examined in the context of its establishment from rest. A key element of numerical and steady state analytical solutions for large amplitude topographic flow is the splitting of streamlines which then enclose a trapped wedge of mixed fluid above the rapidly moving deeper layer. Measurements have been acquired which show that this wedge arises from small scale instabilities and mixing formed initially by the acceleration of subcritical stratified flow over the obstacle crest. The volume of trapped fluid progressively increases with time, permitting the primary flow to descend beneath it over the lee face of the obstacle. Throughout the evolution of this flow, small scale instability and consequent entrainment is the mechanism responsible for producing the weakly stratified wedge, thus allowing establishment of the downslope flow to take place. Velocity structure of instabilities within the entrainment zone is observed and the associated entrainment rate determined. The entrainment is sufficient to produce a slow downstream motion within the upper layer and a density step between the layers that decreases with downstream distance. The resulting internal hydraulic response is explained in terms of a theory which accommodates the spatially variable density difference across the sheared interface. The measurements described here were acquired in a coastal inlet subject to gradually changing tidal currents. It is proposed that the observed mechanism for flow establishment also has application to atmospheric flow over mountains.
Author : Miguel A. C. Teixeira,Daniel J. Kirshbaum,Haraldur Ólafsson,,Peter F. Sheridan,Ivana Stiperski
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2016-11-09
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9782889450169
Mountainous regions occupy a significant fraction of the Earth's continents and are characterized by specific meteorological phenomena operating on a wide range of scales. Being a home to large human populations, the impact of mountains on weather and hydrology has significant practical consequences. Mountains modulate the climate and create micro-climates, induce different types of thermally and dynamically driven circulations, generate atmospheric waves of various scales (known as mountain waves), and affect the boundary layer characteristics and the dispersion of pollutants. At the local scale, strong downslope winds linked with mountain waves (such as the Foehn and Bora) can cause severe damage. Mountain wave breaking in the high atmosphere is a source of Clear Air Turbulence, and lee wave rotors are a major near-surface aviation hazard. Mountains also act to block strongly stratified air layers, leading to the formation of valley cold air-pools (with implications for road safety, pollution, crop damage, etc.) and gap flows. Presently, neither the fine-scale structure of orographic precipitation nor the initiation of deep convection by mountainous terrain can be resolved adequately by regional-to global-scale models, requiring appropriate downscaling or parameterization. Additionally, the shortest mountain waves need to be parameterized in global weather and climate prediction models, because they exert a drag on the atmosphere. This drag not only decelerates the global atmospheric circulation, but also affects temperatures in the polar stratosphere, which control ozone depletion. It is likely that both mountain wave drag and orographic precipitation lead to non-trivial feedbacks in climate change scenarios. Measurement campaigns such as MAP, T-REX, Materhorn, COLPEX and i-Box provided a wealth of mountain meteorology field data, which is only starting to be explored. Recent advances in computing power allow numerical simulations of unprecedented resolution, e.g. LES modelling of rotors, mountain wave turbulence, and boundary layers in mountainous regions. This will lead to important advances in understanding these phenomena, as well as mixing and pollutant dispersion over complex terrain, or the onset and breakdown of cold air pools. On the other hand, recent analyses of global circulation biases point towards missing drag, especially in the southern hemisphere, which may be due to processes currently neglected in parameterizations. A better understanding of flow over orography is also crucial for a better management of wind power and a more effective use of data assimilation over complex terrain. This Research Topic includes contributions that aim to shed light on a number of these issues, using theory, numerical modelling, field measurements, and laboratory experiments.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 748 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : UIUC:30112075601267
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Author : L.J. Pratt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 585 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400906778
Suppose one were given the task of mapping the general circulation in an unfamiliar ocean. The ocean, like our own, is subdivided into basins and marginal seas interconnected by sea straits. Assuming a limited budget for this undertaking, one would do well to choose the straits as observational starting points. To begin with, the currents flowing from one basin to the next, over possibly wide and time-varying paths, are confined to narrow and stable routes within the straits. Mass, heat and chemical budgets for individual basins can be formulated in terms of the fluxes measured across the straits using a relatively small number of instruments. The confinement of the flow by a strait can also give rise to profound dynamical conse quences including choking or hydraulic control, a process similar to that by which a dam regulates the flow from a reservoir. The funneling geometry can lead to enhanced tidal modulation and increased velocities, giving rise to local instabilities, mixing, internal bores, jumps, and other striking hydraulic and fine scale phenomena. In short, sea straits repre sent choke points which are observationally and dynamically strategic and which contain a full range of fascinating physical processes.
Author : Lars Umlauf
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:863654716
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 760 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Electronic journals
ISBN : UOM:39015058984405
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Atmospheric circulation
ISBN : OSU:32435003065042
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Weights and measures
ISBN : UOM:39015029637330
Author : Pauline H. Gurewitz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Hydraulic engineering
ISBN : UIUC:30112101555222