Towards A Westphalia For The Middle East

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Towards A Westphalia for the Middle East

Patrick Milton,Michael Axworthy,Brendan Simms
Towards A Westphalia for the Middle East Book PDF

Author : Patrick Milton,Michael Axworthy,Brendan Simms
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190057954

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Towards A Westphalia for the Middle East by Patrick Milton,Michael Axworthy,Brendan Simms Pdf

It was the original forever war, which went on interminably, fuelled by religious fanaticism, personal ambition, fear of hegemony, and communal suspicion. It dragged in all the neighbouring powers. It was punctuated by repeated failed ceasefires. It inflicted suffering beyond belief and generated waves of refugees. No, this is not Syria today, but the Thirty Years' War (1618-48), which turned Germany and much of central Europe into a disaster zone. The Thirty Years' War is often cited as a parallel in discussions of the Middle East. The Peace of Westphalia, which ended the conflict in 1648, has featured strongly in such discussions, usually with the observation that recent events in some parts of the region have seen the collapse of ideas of state sovereignty--ideas that supposedly originated with the 1648 settlement. Axworthy, Milton and Simms argue that the Westphalian treaties, far from enshrining state sovereignty, in fact reconfigured and strengthened a structure for legal resolution of disputes, and provided for intervention by outside guarantor powers to uphold the peace settlement. This book argues that the history of Westphalia may hold the key to resolving the new long wars in the Middle East today.

Doves Among Hawks

Samy Cohen
Doves Among Hawks Book PDF

Author : Samy Cohen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2019-03-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190077747

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Doves Among Hawks by Samy Cohen Pdf

What has become of Israel's peace movement? In the early 1980s, it was a major political force, bringing hundreds of thousands onto the streets; but since then, its importance has declined amid spiraling violence. Now, and especially since the second Intifada of 2000-5, the 'doves' of the Israel/Palestine conflict struggle to be heard over its 'hawks', and the days of mass mobilization are over. Doves Among Hawks charts the successes and failures of a beleaguered peace movement, from its formation after the Six-Day War to the current security-obsessed climate, where Israel's 'doves' seem to be fighting a lost and outdated battle. Samy Cohen's history of a peace process that once took on the Israeli settler movements exposes how that cause has been derailed and demoralized by suicide attacks. But the peace movement isn't dead--it has simply transformed. From human rights monitors to lobbies of the bereaved, Cohen reveals a multitude of smaller, grassroots organizations that have emerged with unexpected energy. These lawyers, doctors, army reservists, former diplomats and senior security personnel are the unsung heroes of his story.

America in Retreat

Bret Stephens
America in Retreat Book PDF

Author : Bret Stephens
Publisher : Sentinel
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2015-10-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781595231215

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America in Retreat by Bret Stephens Pdf

"Americans are weary of acting as the world's policeman, especially in the face of our unending economic troubles at home. President Obama stands for cutting defense budgets, leaving Afghanistan, abandoning Iraq, appeasing Russia, and offering premature declarations of victory over al Qaeda. Meanwhile, some Republicans now also argue for a far smaller and less expensive American footprint abroad. Pulitzer Prize-winning Wall Street Journal columnist Bret Stephens rejects this view. As he sees it, retreating from our global responsibilities will ultimately exact a devastating price to our security and prosperity. In the 1930s, it was the weakness and vacillation of the democracies that led to war and genocide. Today the regimes in Tehran, Damascus, Beijing, and Moscow continue to test America's will. Americans have often been tempted to turn our backs on a world that fails to live up to our idealism and doesn't easily bend. But succumbing to that temptation always leads to tragedy. The mantle of global leadership is a responsibility we must shoulder for the sake of our freedom, our prosperity, and our safety"--

Iranian Ways of War

Ahmed S. Hashim
Iranian Ways of War Book PDF

Author : Ahmed S. Hashim
Publisher : Hurst & Company
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2020-02-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1787380343

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Iranian Ways of War by Ahmed S. Hashim Pdf

This book traces the long history of Iran's wars, and the evolution of the Islamic Republic's military trajectory since 1979. Ahmed Hashim draws on Farsi, Arabic and European sources to explore Iran's efforts to create modern armed forces, the devastating Iran-Iraq War (1980-8), and Tehran's evolving fighting capabilities in Syria and Iraq. This analysis offers clues as to how Iran may fare--directly or by proxy--in future confrontations with its enemies, including the US and Israel. Above all, Iranian Ways of War addresses how Iran fights, and why. It offers a corrective to prevailing narratives about its bellicose character and alleged mischief-making throughout the Middle East and beyond. Hashim unpacks with nuance Iran's milestone agreement to curb its nuclear weapons development, within the context of an unstable regional environment that is full of myriad enemies and complicating historical factors affecting Iranian decision-makers' psyches. A long history of confrontation with America, and the feeling of perceived victimhood as a Shia entity in an overwhelmingly Sunni Middle East, have primed Iran for war.

Re-envisioning Sovereignty

Trudy Jacobsen
Re envisioning Sovereignty Book PDF

Author : Trudy Jacobsen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-08
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781317069690

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Re-envisioning Sovereignty by Trudy Jacobsen Pdf

Sovereignty, as a concept, is in a state of flux. In the course of the last century, traditional meanings have been worn away while the limitations of sovereignty have been altered as transnational issues compete with domestic concerns for precedence. This volume presents an interdisciplinary analysis of conceptions of sovereignty. Divided into six overarching elements, it explores a wide range of issues that have altered the theory and practice of state sovereignty, such as: human rights and the use of force for human protection purposes, norms relating to governance, the war on terror, economic globalization, the natural environment and changes in strategic thinking. The authors are acknowledged experts in their respective areas, and discuss the contemporary meaning and relevance of sovereignty and how it relates to the constitution of international order.

The Peace of Westphalia

Derek Croxton,Anuschka Tischer
The Peace of Westphalia Book PDF

Author : Derek Croxton,Anuschka Tischer
Publisher : Greenwood
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015053178003

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The Peace of Westphalia by Derek Croxton,Anuschka Tischer Pdf

The peace of Westphalia constituted a watershed in early modern history. It guided a number of political, territorial, and legal decisions that determined the internal politics of the Holy Roman Empire and the international landscape. This work provides an insight into the Peace of Westphalia.

World Order

Henry Kissinger
World Order Book PDF

Author : Henry Kissinger
Publisher : Penguin Books
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2015-09
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780143127710

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World Order by Henry Kissinger Pdf

a conviction that has guided its policies ever since. Now international affairs take place on a global basis, and these historical concepts of world order are meeting. Every region participates in questions of high policy in every other, often instantaneously. Yet there is no consensus among the major actors about the rules and limits guiding this process, or its ultimate destination. The result is mounting tension. Grounded in Kissinger's deep study of history and his experience as National Security Advisor and Secretary of State, World Order guides readers through crucial episodes in recent world history. Kissinger offers a unique glimpse into the inner deliberations of the Nixon administration's negotiations with Hanoi over the end of the Vietnam War, as well as Ronald Reagan's tense debates with Soviet Premier Gorbachev in Reykjavík.

Borderlands

Raffaella A. Del Sarto
Borderlands Book PDF

Author : Raffaella A. Del Sarto
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780198833550

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Borderlands by Raffaella A. Del Sarto Pdf

The study proposes a different understanding of the complex relationship between Europe and the Mediterranean Middle East and North Africa, it challenges the conventional wisdom on Europe's benevolent foreign policy and the image of 'Fortress Europe' alike.

Guardians of the Arab State

Florence Gaub
Guardians of the Arab State Book PDF

Author : Florence Gaub
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Arab countries
ISBN : 1849046484

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Guardians of the Arab State by Florence Gaub Pdf

This trenchant history of praetorianism in the Arab world recounts the baleful influence of the armed forces in shaping the region's political landscape over the last three decades.

Constructing International Relations in the Arab World

Fred Lawson
Constructing International Relations in the Arab World Book PDF

Author : Fred Lawson
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0804768021

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Constructing International Relations in the Arab World by Fred Lawson Pdf

This book explores the emergence of an anarchic states-system in the twentieth-century Arab world. Following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, Arab nationalist movements first considered establishing a unified regional arrangement to take the empire's place and present a common front to outside powers. But over time different Arab leaderships abandoned this project and instead adopted policies characteristic of self-interested, territorially limited states. In his explanation of this phenomenon, the author shifts attention away from older debates about the origins and development of Arab nationalism and analyzes instead how different nationalist leaderships changed the ways that they carried on diplomatic and strategic relations. He situates this shift in the context of influential sociological theories of state formation, while showing how labor movements and other forms of popular mobilization shaped the origins of the regional states-system.

War-Torn

Leïla Vignal
War Torn Book PDF

Author : Leïla Vignal
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780197644201

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War-Torn by Leïla Vignal Pdf

Syria as we knew it does not exist anymore. However, all conflicts change countries and their societies. Such an obvious statement needs to be unpacked in specific relation to Syria. What has happened, what does it mean, and what comes next? In order to consider the future of Syria, it is crucial to assess not only what has been destroyed, but also how it was destroyed. It is equally vital to address the structural and possibly enduring results of large-scale destruction and displacement. These dynamics are not only at play in Syrian society, but are tearing at the economic fabric and very territorial integrity of the country. If war is a powerful process of human and material destruction, it is equally a powerful process of spatial, social and economic reconfiguration. Nor does it stop at national borders--the unravelling of Syria, and of the idea of Syria, has affected and will continue to affect the entire Middle East. War-Torn explores these transformations and the processes that fuel them. It is an indispensable account throwing light on neglected aspects of the Syrian war, and a much-needed contribution to our understanding of conflicts in the twenty-first century.

The Arab Avant-Garde

Thomas Burkhalter,Kay Dickinson,Benjamin J. Harbert
The Arab Avant Garde Book PDF

Author : Thomas Burkhalter,Kay Dickinson,Benjamin J. Harbert
Publisher : Wesleyan University Press
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-13
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780819573872

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The Arab Avant-Garde by Thomas Burkhalter,Kay Dickinson,Benjamin J. Harbert Pdf

The first in-depth study of diverse and radical innovation in Arab music From jazz trumpeters drawing on the noises of warfare in Beirut to female heavy metallers in Alexandria, the Arab culture offers a wealth of exciting, challenging, and diverse musics. The essays in this collection investigate the plethora of compositional and improvisational techniques, performance styles, political motivations, professional trainings, and inter-continental collaborations that claim the mantle of "innovation" within Arab and Arab diaspora music. While most books on Middle Eastern music-making focus on notions of tradition and regionally specific genres, The Arab Avant Garde presents a radically hybrid and globally dialectic set of practices. Engaging the "avant-garde"—a term with Eurocentric resonances—this anthology disturbs that presumed exclusivity, drawing on and challenging a growing body of literature about alternative modernities. Chapters delve into genres and modes as diverse as jazz, musical theatre, improvisation, hip hop, and heavy metal as performed in countries like Iraq, Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, and the United States. Focusing on multiple ways in which the "Arab avant-garde" becomes manifest, this anthology brings together international writers with eclectic disciplinary trainings—practicing musicians, area studies specialists, ethnomusicologists, and scholars of popular culture and media. Contributors include Sami W. Asmar, Michael Khoury, Saed Muhssin, Marina Peterson, Kamran Rastegar, Caroline Rooney, and Shayna Silverstein, as well as the editors.

Clear and Present Safety

Michael A. Cohen,Micah Zenko
Clear and Present Safety Book PDF

Author : Michael A. Cohen,Micah Zenko
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9780300222555

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Clear and Present Safety by Michael A. Cohen,Micah Zenko Pdf

An eye-opening look at the history of national security fear-mongering in America and how it distracts citizens from the issues that really matter What most frightens the average American? Terrorism. North Korea. Iran. But what if none of these are probable or consequential threats to America? What if the world today is safer, freer, wealthier, healthier, and better educated than ever before? What if the real dangers to Americans are noncommunicable diseases, gun violence, drug overdoses--even hospital infections? In this compelling look at what they call the "Threat-Industrial Complex," Michael A. Cohen and Micah Zenko explain why politicians, policy analysts, academics, and journalists are misleading Americans about foreign threats and ignoring more serious national security challenges at home. Cohen and Zenko argue that we should ignore Washington's threat-mongering and focus instead on furthering extraordinary global advances in human development and economic and political cooperation. At home, we should focus on that which actually harms us and undermines our quality of life: substandard schools and healthcare, inadequate infrastructure, gun violence, income inequality, and political paralysis.

The International Politics of the Middle East

Raymond Hinnebusch
The International Politics of the Middle East Book PDF

Author : Raymond Hinnebusch
Publisher : Manchester University Press
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2003-07-18
Category : History
ISBN : 0719053463

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The International Politics of the Middle East by Raymond Hinnebusch Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of Middle East international politics in the light of international relations theory. It assesses the impact of international penetration, including the historic formation of the regional state system, the continued role of external great powers, and the incorporation of the region into the international capitalist market. It examines the region’s distinctive dialect between trans-state identities, Arabism and Islam, and the consolidation of a sovereign state system. It looks at the consequences of state formation for the ability of state elites to manage the external and domestic arenas in which they must operate; and it analyzes the impact of the foreign policy process in individual states.

Non-State Challenges in a Re-Ordered World

Stefano Ruzza,Anja P Jakobi,Charles Geisler
Non State Challenges in a Re Ordered World Book PDF

Author : Stefano Ruzza,Anja P Jakobi,Charles Geisler
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2015-10-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317561569

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Non-State Challenges in a Re-Ordered World by Stefano Ruzza,Anja P Jakobi,Charles Geisler Pdf

There is a sprawling scholarship on violence, crime, and corrupt state rule; yet few have interpreted these challenges as transformative at the global scale and as a potential source of alternative, non-state, legitimacy. This volume challenges "Westphalian conservativism" in a provocative yet plausible manner, shedding light at the ubiquity and diversity of unfolding non-state agendas and at their effect on the imagined state community. Focusing on civil war parties, warlords, commercial providers of security, multinational companies and criminal organizations, the book directs attention to theoretical questions and policy challenges arising from non-state armed expansion. To accomplish this, the contributors present a range of case studies and comparisons within three thematic sections: the first takes stock of how, when, and in what measure state and state-system legitimacy are challenged by non-state violent or criminal activity; the second addresses the nature, effectiveness, and side-effects of different state-mandated reaction to non-state activities; and third focuses on the recombination of state and non-state actors contributing to processes of socio-political transformation. This volume provides a current analysis of different armed and violent actors encroaching on the state's monopoly of violence. It seeks to spark debate about global political change and will be of interest to students and scholars of global governance, global security, and international relations.