Trade And Employment In Asia

Author : Niny Khor,Devashish Mitra
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135945619

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Trade and Employment in Asia by Niny Khor,Devashish Mitra Pdf

This volume investigates the links between employment, trade and structural transformation. In the context of global rebalancing, accompanied by inevitable changes in trade patterns between Asia and the rest of the world, the volume’s chapters analyze the links between trade openness and trends in employment and its quality. Specifically, through Asian case studies (both analytical and econometric), the volume examines how trade and export-led growth models have led to specialization and evolving demands on various types of labor. The rapidly changing labor market contours in developing Asia during this era of globalization, along with the new context resulting from the recent global financial crisis and new insights from theoretical literature, have led to the need for such studies. This volume helps fill this gap in the literature.

Author : Erhan Artuc,Gladys Lopez-Acevedo,Raymond Robertson,Daniel Samaan
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2019-02-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464812491

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Exports to Jobs by Erhan Artuc,Gladys Lopez-Acevedo,Raymond Robertson,Daniel Samaan Pdf

South Asia has grown rapidly with significant reductions in poverty, but it has not been able to match the fast-growing working age population, leading to lingering concerns about jobless growth and poor job quality. Could export growth in South Asia result in better labor market outcomes? The answer is yes, according to our study, which rigorously estimates—using a new methodology—the potential impact from higher South Asian exports per worker on wages and employment over a 10-year period. Our study shows the positive side of trade. It finds that increasing exports per worker would result in higher wages—mainly for better-off groups, like more educated workers, males, and more-experienced workers—although less-skilled workers would see the largest reduction in informality. How can the benefits be spread more widely? Our study suggests that scaling up exports in labor-intensive industries could significantly lower informality for groups like rural and less-educated workers in the region. Also, increasing skills, and participation of women and young workers in the labor force could make an even bigger dent in informal employment. The region could achieve these gains by: (i) boosting and connecting exports to people (e.g., removing trade barriers and investment in infrastructure); (ii) eliminating distortions in production (e.g., by more efficient allocation of inputs); and (iii) protecting workers (e.g., by investing in education and skills).

Author : Narongchai ʻAkkharasēranī
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCAL:B4911515

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Trade and Employment in Asia and the Pacific by Narongchai ʻAkkharasēranī Pdf

Author : John Benson,Chris Rowley
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2018-12-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135304850

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Globalization and Labour in the Asia Pacific by John Benson,Chris Rowley Pdf

Globalization and labour market deregulation have had an impact on employment and workers, and brought pressure to bear on trade unions. This study looks at the challenges of globalization and deregulation in the Asia Pacific, and possible responses to them in a variety of ways.

Author : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo,Raymond Robertson
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464808142

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Stitches to Riches? by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo,Raymond Robertson Pdf

South Asia is in the midst of a demographic transition. For the next three decades, the growth of the region’s working age population will far outpace the growth of dependents. Close to one million individuals will enter the workforce every month. This large, economically active population can increase the region’s capacity to save and make crucial investments in physical capital, job training, and technological advancement. But for South Asia to realize these dividends, it must ensure that its working-age population is productively employed. As one of the most prominent labor-intensive industries in developing countries, apparel manufacturing is a prime contender. With around 4.7 million workers in the formal sector and another estimated 20.3 million informally employed (combined with textiles), apparel already constitutes close to 40 percent of manufacturing employment. And given that much of apparel production continues to be labor-intensive, the potential to create more and better jobs is immense. There is a huge window of opportunity now for South Asia, given that China, the dominant producer for the last ten years, has started to cede some ground due to higher wages. But the region faces strong competition from East Asia—with Cambodia, Indonesia, and Vietnam already pulling ahead. Plus the sector suffers from production inefficiencies and policy bottlenecks that have prevented it from achieving its potential. Against this backdrop, this report hopes to inform the debate by measuring the employment gains that the four most populous countries in South Asia—Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka (hereafter `SAR countries’)—can expect in this new environment of increased competition and scrutiny. Its main message is that it is important for South Asian economies to remove existing impediments and facilitate growth in apparel to capture more production and create more employment as wages rise in China. The successful manufacturers will be those who can supply a wide range of quality products to buyers rapidly and reliably—not just offer low costs.

Author : Asian Development Bank
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-07-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789292578701

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Aid for Trade in Asia and the Pacific by Asian Development Bank Pdf

The role of Aid for Trade (AfT) in promoting the growth and tradability of services is important, given that it is a major catalyst for inclusive economic and structural transformation. This report highlights emerging trends in AfT in the context of evolving trade performance in Asia and the Pacific. In particular, the impact of AfT on trade in services, thereby helping increase economic and job opportunities for women, and the rise of e-commerce. The report ends by considering policy implications of the experiences of geographically-challenged economies of the region along the dimensions of trade costs, AfT, trade in services, and the role of the digital economy.

Author : Takatoshi Ito,Andrew K. Rose
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2007-11-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226379005

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International Trade in East Asia by Takatoshi Ito,Andrew K. Rose Pdf

The practice of trading across international borders has undergone a series of changes with great consequences for the world trading community, the result of new trade agreements, a number of financial crises, the emergence of the World Trade Organization, and countless other less obvious developments. In International Trade in East Asia, a group of esteemed contributors provides a summary of empirical factors of international trade specifically as they pertain to East Asian countries such as China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. Comprised of twelve fascinating studies, International Trade in East Asia highlights many of the trading practices between countries within the region as well as outside of it. The contributors bring into focus some of the region's endemic and external barriers to international trade and discuss strategies for improving productivity and fostering trade relationships. Studies on some of the factors that drive exports, the influence of research and development, the effects of foreign investment, and the ramifications of different types of protectionism will particularly resonate with the financial and economic communities who are trying to keep pace with this dramatically altered landscape.

Author : Erhan Artuç,Gladys Lopez Acevedo,Raymond Robertson (Professor of economics and government)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Asia
ISBN : 9221315762

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Exports to Jobs by Erhan Artuç,Gladys Lopez Acevedo,Raymond Robertson (Professor of economics and government) Pdf

Very few studies focus on the growth of labor market opportunities that follow from exports. Entangled is one of the first to systematically examine the localized effects of long-run export growth in South Asia. The basic premise is that adjustment costs matter. If adjustment costs matter, then we would expect to see significant and persistent differences in wages across industries and regions. We would expect to see that exporting industries and regions tend to pay higher wages and that these differences would only slowly dissipate over time (if at all). We would expect to see that increases in exports would increase the demand for workers. An increase in demand for workers could increase either wages, employment, or both, depending on the ability and willingness of workers to switch industries and regions.If workers face high adjustment costs, the increase in labor demand from exports would be associated with higher wage growth, but not necessarily higher employment growth because workers would not move into expanding industries. As a result, firms would have to raise wages to attract the workers they need. Since expanding takes more time than contracting, we would expect to see the strongest positive wage effects over the longest time horizon because exports take longer to affect labor markets than import competition. The report evaluate these predictions using data from India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. The results are consistent with the presence of very significant worker-level adjustment costs in South Asia and suggest that the gains from exports to date have still been modest.--

Author : M. Gillan,B. Pokrant
Publisher : Springer
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2009-11-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780230274105

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Trade, Labour and Transformation of Community in Asia by M. Gillan,B. Pokrant Pdf

This book considers the transformative impact of global trade and production networks on local economies, work and labour organization, and various forms and meanings of 'community'. It examines the socio-economic transformation in Asia and the restructuring of manufacturing industries, ports and the information technology sector.

Author : John Benson,Ying Zhu
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2008-05-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134129614

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Trade Unions in Asia by John Benson,Ying Zhu Pdf

Offering a comprehensive account of the role played by trade unions in Asia, this book focuses on the strategies they have adopted to represent workers, and discusses the issues surrounding wages and working conditions, health and safety, women‘s employment opportunities and human resource development.

Author : Sachin Chaturvedi,Sabyasachi Saha
Publisher : Springer
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811083815

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Manufacturing and Jobs in South Asia by Sachin Chaturvedi,Sabyasachi Saha Pdf

This book analyzes the structural factors that underlie the persistent mass poverty and extreme inequality in South Asian countries. It highlights the fact that the supposed trade-off between output growth and job creation is a false dilemma. Growth can create jobs, and jobs can drive growth, mutually reinforcing one another. Increased employment and better jobs would mitigate the problems arising from a widening inequality gap. The book argues that policies focused on employment generation, mostly through industrialization, are the way forward in terms of providing livelihoods, sustaining growth and reducing inequality. The book is divided into two main parts. Part A explores cases in selected countries in South Asia in detail, primarily focusing on the opportunities and challenges of job creation in the manufacturing sector, as well as related issues, including constraints on manufacturing-sector growth in South Asia, exports and trade linkages, participation in value chains and the role of investment. In turn, Part B addresses a number of aspects that can promote a deeper understanding of strategies for industrialization and employment creation in the South Asian context, including regional cooperation, skill development, and industrial competitiveness. Gathering contributions from some of the region’s top minds, this book is of interest to scholars, researchers, policymakers and industry analysts alike.

Author : Keijiro Otsuka,Kaoru Sugihara
Publisher : Springer
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811331312

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Paths to the Emerging State in Asia and Africa by Keijiro Otsuka,Kaoru Sugihara Pdf

This book is open access under a CC BY-NC-ND license. This book addresses the issue of how a country, which was incorporated into the world economy as a periphery, could make a transition to the emerging state, capable of undertaking the task of economic development and industrialization. It offers historical and contemporary case studies of transition, as well as the international background under which such a transition was successfully made (or delayed), by combining the approaches of economic history and development economics. Its aim is to identify relevant historical contexts, that is, the ‘initial conditions’ and internal and external forces which governed the transition. It also aims to understand what current low-income developing countries require for their transition. Three economic driving forces for the transition are identified. They are: (1) labor-intensive industrialization, which offers ample employment opportunities for labor force; (2) international trade, which facilitates efficient international division of labor; and (3) agricultural development, which improves food security by increasing supply of staple foods. The book presents a bold account of each driver for the transition.

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-05-23
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264180178

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Policy Priorities for International Trade and Jobs by OECD Pdf

Launched and co-ordinated by the OECD, the International Collaborative Initiative on Trade and Employment (ICITE) is a two-year old joint undertaking of ten international organisations. This book brings together some of the results of ICITE's research.

Author : Ian G. Cook
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105023145449

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Dynamic Asia by Ian G. Cook Pdf

Examines the challenges and opportunities for international business and trade in the Asia-Pacific region, highlighting the dynamic and complexities of the region.

Author : Byoung-Hoon Lee,Ng Sek-Hong,Russell D. Lansbury
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2019-09-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780429576089

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Trade Unions and Labour Movements in the Asia-Pacific Region by Byoung-Hoon Lee,Ng Sek-Hong,Russell D. Lansbury Pdf

Recent developments in the world economy, including deindustrialisation and the digital revolution, have led to an increasingly individualistic relationship between workers and employers, which in turn has weakened labour movements and worker representation. However, this process is not universal, including in some countries of Asia, where trade unions are closely aligned with the interests of the dominant political party and the state. This book considers the many challenges facing trade unions and worker representation in a wide range of Asian countries. For each country, full background is given on how trade unions and other forms of worker representation have arisen. Key questions then considered include the challenges facing trade unions and worker representation in each country, the extent to which these are a result of global or local developments and the actions being taken by trade unions and worker representative bodies to cope with the challenges. This book is dedicated to the memory of Professor Keith Thurley, London School of Economics.