Trade Reputation And Child Labor In Twentieth Century Egypt

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Trade, Reputation, and Child Labor in Twentieth-Century Egypt

E. Goldberg
Trade Reputation and Child Labor in Twentieth Century Egypt Book PDF

Author : E. Goldberg
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2015-11-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1349388351

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Trade, Reputation, and Child Labor in Twentieth-Century Egypt by E. Goldberg Pdf

The conventional wisdom that political and economic actors in colonial countries are passive and reactive is undermined by Goldberg's close examination of the decisions and calculations of leading political and economic actors. Goldberg shows how critical decisions affecting Egypt's integration into the world economy were based on clear understandings of what policies were most likely to advance the interests of leading interest groups, with results that continue to bedevil Egypt's political economy today. Drawing on core concepts in political economy, Goldberg focuses on how Egyptian cotton growers decided to invest in the development of product reputation, developed institutions to protect that reputation, and engaged in coalition politics to protect their interests. The result was a heavy reliance on child labour and thus the failure to provide education and skills necessary for economic development, undermining subsequent attempts to industrialize Egypt and move it away from the production of primary goods. This is a tale of paradoxes and unintended consequences of rational action.

Trade, Reputation, and Child Labor in Twentieth-Century Egypt

E. Goldberg
Trade Reputation and Child Labor in Twentieth Century Egypt Book PDF

Author : E. Goldberg
Publisher : Springer
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2004-09-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781403976833

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Trade, Reputation, and Child Labor in Twentieth-Century Egypt by E. Goldberg Pdf

The conventional wisdom that political and economic actors in colonial countries are passive and reactive is undermined by Goldberg's close examination of the decisions and calculations of leading political and economic actors. Goldberg shows how critical decisions affecting Egypt's integration into the world economy were based on clear understandings of what policies were most likely to advance the interests of leading interest groups, with results that continue to bedevil Egypt's political economy today. Drawing on core concepts in political economy, Goldberg focuses on how Egyptian cotton growers decided to invest in the development of product reputation, developed institutions to protect that reputation, and engaged in coalition politics to protect their interests. The result was a heavy reliance on child labour and thus the failure to provide education and skills necessary for economic development, undermining subsequent attempts to industrialize Egypt and move it away from the production of primary goods. This is a tale of paradoxes and unintended consequences of rational action.

Trade Unions and Arab Revolutions

Heba F. El-Shazli
Trade Unions and Arab Revolutions Book PDF

Author : Heba F. El-Shazli
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2019-05-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780429638886

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Trade Unions and Arab Revolutions by Heba F. El-Shazli Pdf

“We started the 2011 revolution and the rest of Egypt followed,” say Egyptian workers with strong conviction and passion. Egyptian independent workers’ continuous claims of contention and protest repertoires were one of several main factors leading to the January 25, 2011, uprising. After thirty-two years of a Mubarak-led authoritarian regime, massive protests began in January 2011 and forced President Mubarak to step down from his position on February 11, 2011. So, how did Egyptian workers challenge the regime and how did they become one of the factors leading to the January 2011 uprising? These workers were organized into loose networks of different independent groups that had been protesting for a decade and longer prior to January 2011. These regular protests for over a decade before 2011 challenged the Egyptian authoritarian regime. This book examines the combative role of Egyptian independent workers’ formal and informal organizations as a contentious social movement to challenge the regime. It will examine the evolving role of workers as socio-economic actors and then as political actors in very political transitions. Social movement theory (SMT) and its mechanisms and social movement unionism (SMU) will be the lenses through which this research will be presented. The methodology used will be the comparative case studies of two different movements where workers who advocated for their rights for a decade prior to January 2011 experienced significantly differing outcomes. One case study showcases the municipal real estate tax collection workers who were able to establish a successful social movement and then create an independent trade union. The second case study examines an influential group of garment and textile workers, who also developed an effective social movement, yet they were not able to take it to the next step to establish an independent union. I will explore within this research a second question: why one group of workers was able to establish an independent union while the other arguably more influential group of workers, the garment and textile workers, was not able to do so. This had an impact on the overall influence they were able to exercise over the regime in addition to their effectiveness as a social movement for change.

The World of Child Labor

Hugh D Hindman,Hugh Hindman
The World of Child Labor Book PDF

Author : Hugh D Hindman,Hugh Hindman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1990 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2014-12-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317453857

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The World of Child Labor by Hugh D Hindman,Hugh Hindman Pdf

"The World of Child Labor" details both the current and historical state of child labor in each region of the world, focusing on its causes, consequences, and cures. Child labor remains a problem of immense social and economic proportions throughout the developing world, and there is a global movement underway to do away with it. Volume editor Hugh D. Hindman has assembled an international team of leading child labor scholars, researchers, policy-makers, and activists to provide a comprehensive reference with over 220 essays. This volume first provides a current global snapshot with overview essays on the dimensions of the problem and those institutions and organizations combating child labor. Thereafter the organization of the work is regional, covering developed, developing, and less developed regions of the world.The reference goes around the globe to document the contemporary and historical state of child labor within each major region (Africa, Latin and South America, North America, Europe, Middle East, Asia, and Oceania) including country-level accounts for nearly half of the world's nations. Country-level essays for more developed nations include historical material in addition to current issues in child labor. All country-level essays address specific facets of child labor problems, such as industries and occupations in which children commonly work, the national child welfare policy, occupational safety regulations, educational system, and laws, and often highlight significant initiatives against child labor.Current statistical data accompany most country-level essays that include ratifications to UN and ILO conventions, the Human Development Index, human capital indicators, economic indicators, and national child labor surveys conducted by the Statistical Information and Monitoring Program on Child Labor. "The World of Child Labor" is designed to be a self-contained, comprehensive reference for high school, college, and professional researchers. Maps, photos, figures, tables, references, and index are included.

Egypt's Occupation

Aaron G. Jakes
Egypt s Occupation Book PDF

Author : Aaron G. Jakes
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9781503612624

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Egypt's Occupation by Aaron G. Jakes Pdf

The history of capitalism in Egypt has long been synonymous with cotton cultivation and dependent development. From this perspective, the British occupation of 1882 merely sealed the country's fate as a vast plantation for European textile mills. All but obscured in such accounts, however, is Egypt's emergence as a colonial laboratory for financial investment and experimentation. Egypt's Occupation tells for the first time the story of that financial expansion and the devastating crises that followed. Aaron Jakes offers a sweeping reinterpretation of both the historical geography of capitalism in Egypt and the role of political-economic thought in the struggles that raged over the occupation. He traces the complex ramifications and the contested legacy of colonial economism, the animating theory of British imperial rule that held Egyptians to be capable of only a recognition of their own bare economic interests. Even as British officials claimed that "economic development" and the multiplication of new financial institutions would be crucial to the political legitimacy of the occupation, Egypt's early nationalists elaborated their own critical accounts of boom and bust. As Jakes shows, these Egyptian thinkers offered a set of sophisticated and troubling meditations on the deeper contradictions of capitalism and the very meaning of freedom in a capitalist world.

Childhood in the Late Ottoman Empire and After

Anonim
Childhood in the Late Ottoman Empire and After Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2015-10-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004305809

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Childhood in the Late Ottoman Empire and After by Anonim Pdf

This volume explores the variety of ways in which childhood was experienced, lived and remembered in the late Ottoman Empire and its successor states. The period of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was a time of rapid change, and the history of childhood reflects the impact of new expectations, lived realities and national responsibilities on the youngest members of societies undergoing monumental change because of ideological, wartime and demographic shifts. Drawing on comparisons both within the Balkans, Turkey and the Arab lands and with Western Europe and beyond, the chapters investigate the many ways in which upheaval and change affected the youth. Particular attention is paid to changing conceptions of childhood, gender roles and newly dominant national imperatives. Contributors include: Elif Akşit, Laurence Brockliss, Nazan Çiçek, Alex Drace-Francis, Benjamin C. Fortna, Naoum Kaytchev, Duygu Köksal, Kathryn Libal, Nazan Maksudyan, Heidi Morrison, and Philipp Wirtz. This title, in its entirety, is available online in Open Access.

Childhood and Colonial Modernity in Egypt

Heidi Morrison
Childhood and Colonial Modernity in Egypt Book PDF

Author : Heidi Morrison
Publisher : Springer
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2015-10-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9781137432780

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Childhood and Colonial Modernity in Egypt by Heidi Morrison Pdf

This book examines the transformations of Egyptian childhoods that occurred across gender, class, and rural/urban divides. It also questions the role of nostalgia and representation of childhood in illuminating key underlying political, social, and cultural developments in Egypt.

Middle East Historiographies

Israel Gershoni,Amy Singer,Y. Hakan Erdem
Middle East Historiographies Book PDF

Author : Israel Gershoni,Amy Singer,Y. Hakan Erdem
Publisher : University of Washington Press
Page : 349 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2011-06-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780295800899

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Middle East Historiographies by Israel Gershoni,Amy Singer,Y. Hakan Erdem Pdf

This collection of ten essays focuses on the way major schools and individuals have narrated histories of the Middle East. The distinguished contributors explore the historiography of economic and intellectual history, nationalism, fundamentalism, colonialism, the media, slavery, and gender. In doing so, they engage with some of the most controversial issues of the twentieth century. Middle Eastern studies today cover a rich and varied terrain, yet the study of the profession itself has been relatively neglected. There is, however, an ever-present need to examine what the research has chosen to include and exclude and to become more consciously aware of shifts in research approaches and methods. This collection illuminates the evolving state of the art and suggests new directions for further research.

Global Middle East

Asef Bayat,Linda Herrera
Global Middle East Book PDF

Author : Asef Bayat,Linda Herrera
Publisher : University of California Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2021-02-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520295339

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Global Middle East by Asef Bayat,Linda Herrera Pdf

Localities, countries, and regions develop through complex interactions with others. This striking volume highlights global interconnectedness seen through the prism of the Middle East, both “global-in” and “global-out.” It delves into the region’s scientific, artistic, economic, political, religious, and intellectual formations and traces how they have taken shape through a dynamic set of encounters and exchanges. Written in short and accessible essays by prominent experts on the region, Global Middle East covers topics including God, Rumi, food, film, fashion, music, sports, science, and the flow of people, goods, and ideas. The text explores social and political movements from human rights, Salafism, and cosmopolitanism to radicalism and revolutions. Using the insights of global studies, students will glean new perspectives about the region.

Standard of Living

Patrick Gray,Joshua Hall,Ruth Wallis Herndon,Javier Silvestre
Standard of Living Book PDF

Author : Patrick Gray,Joshua Hall,Ruth Wallis Herndon,Javier Silvestre
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 477 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2022-09-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783031064777

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Standard of Living by Patrick Gray,Joshua Hall,Ruth Wallis Herndon,Javier Silvestre Pdf

This anthology honors the life and work of American economist John E. Murray, whose work on the evolution of the standard of living spanned multiple disciplines. Publishing extensively in the areas of the history of healthcare and health insurance, labor markets, religion, and family-related issues from education to orphanages, fertility, and marriage, Murray was much more than an economic historian and his influence can be felt across the wider scholarly community. Written by Murray’s academic collaborators, mentors, and mentees, this collection of essays covers topics such as the effect of the 1918 influenza pandemic on U.S. life insurance holdings, the relationship between rapid economic growth and type 2 diabetes, and the economics of the early church. This volume will be of use to scholars and students interested in economic history, cliometrics, labor economics, and American and European history, as well as the history of religion.

The Struggle for Constitutional Power

Tamir Moustafa
The Struggle for Constitutional Power Book PDF

Author : Tamir Moustafa
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2007-06-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781139465113

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The Struggle for Constitutional Power by Tamir Moustafa Pdf

For nearly three decades, scholars and policymakers have placed considerable stock in judicial reform as a panacea for the political and economic turmoil plaguing developing countries. Courts are charged with spurring economic development, safeguarding human rights, and even facilitating transitions to democracy. How realistic are these expectations, and in what political contexts can judicial reforms deliver their expected benefits? This book addresses these issues through an examination of the politics of the Egyptian Supreme Constitutional Court, the most important experiment in constitutionalism in the Arab world. The Egyptian regime established a surprisingly independent constitutional court to address a series of economic and administrative pathologies that lie at the heart of authoritarian political systems. Although the Court helped the regime to institutionalize state functions and attract investment, it simultaneously opened new avenues through which rights advocates and opposition parties could challenge the regime. The book challenges conventional wisdom and provides insights into perennial questions concerning the barriers to institutional development, economic growth, and democracy in the developing world.

Bazaar and State in Iran

Arang Keshavarzian
Bazaar and State in Iran Book PDF

Author : Arang Keshavarzian
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2007-04-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781139464321

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Bazaar and State in Iran by Arang Keshavarzian Pdf

The Tehran Bazaar has always been central to the Iranian economy and indeed, to the Iranian urban experience. Arang Keshavarzian's fascinating book compares the economics and politics of the marketplace under the Pahlavis, who sought to undermine it in the drive for modernisation and under the subsequent revolutionary regime, which came to power with a mandate to preserve the bazaar as an 'Islamic' institution. The outcomes of their respective policies were completely at odds with their intentions. Despite the Shah's hostile approach, the bazaar flourished under his rule and maintained its organisational autonomy to such an extent that it played an integral role in the Islamic revolution. Conversely, the Islamic Republic implemented policies that unwittingly transformed the ways in which the bazaar operated, thus undermining its capacity for political mobilisation. Arang Keshavarizian's book affords unusual insights into the politics, economics and society of Iran across four decades.

Egypt

Robert L. Tignor
Egypt Book PDF

Author : Robert L. Tignor
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2011-10-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691153070

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Egypt by Robert L. Tignor Pdf

The land and people -- Egypt during the Old Kingdom -- The Middle and New Kingdoms -- Nubians, Greeks, and Romans, circa 1200 BCE-632 CE -- Christian Egypt -- Egypt within Islamic empires, 639-969 -- Fatimids, Ayyubids, and Mamluks, 969-1517 -- Ottoman Egypt, 1517-1798 -- Napoleon Bonaparte, Muhammad Ali, and Ismail : Egypt in the nineteenth century -- The British period, 1882-1952 -- Egypt for the Egyptians, 1952-1981 : Nasser and Sadat -- Mubarak's Egypt -- Conclusion: Egypt through the millennia

General Labour History of Africa

Stefano Bellucci,Andreas Eckert
General Labour History of Africa Book PDF

Author : Stefano Bellucci,Andreas Eckert
Publisher : James Currey
Page : 784 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9781847012180

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General Labour History of Africa by Stefano Bellucci,Andreas Eckert Pdf

The first comprehensive and authoritative history of work and labour in Africa; a key text for all working on African Studies and Labour History worldwide.

Biotechnology and Agricultural Development

Rob Tripp
Biotechnology and Agricultural Development Book PDF

Author : Rob Tripp
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2009-06-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135998783

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Biotechnology and Agricultural Development by Rob Tripp Pdf

This book addresses the continuing controversy over the potential impact of genetically modified (GM) crops in developing countries. Supporters of the technology claim it offers one of the best hopes for increasing agricultural production and reducing rural poverty, while opponents see it as an untested intervention that will bring corporate control of peasant farming. The book examines the issues by reviewing the experience of GM, insect-resistant cotton, the most widely grown GM crop in developing countries. The book begins with an introduction to agricultural biotechnology, a brief examination of the history of cotton production technology (and the institutions required to support that technology), and a thorough review of the literature on the agronomic performance of GM cotton. It then provides a review of the economic and institutional outcomes of GM cotton during the first decade of its use. The core of the book is four country case studies based on original fieldwork in the principal developing countries growing GM cotton (China, India, South Africa and Colombia). The book concludes with a summary of the experience to date and implications for the future of GM crops in developing countries. This review challenges those who have predicted technological failure by describing instances in which GM cotton has proven useful and has been enthusiastically taken up by smallholders. But it also challenges those who claim that biotechnology can take the lead in agricultural development by examining the precarious institutional basis on which these hopes rest in most countries. The analysis shows how biotechnology’s potential contribution to agricultural development must be seen as a part of (and often secondary to) more fundamental policy change. The book should be of interest to a wide audience concerned with agricultural development. This would include academics in the social and agricultural sciences, donor agencies and NGOs.