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Author : Aitor Navarro
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9087224354
Author : Andreas Bullen
Publisher : IBFD
Page : 925 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Corporations
ISBN : 9789087221171
This book examines the authority to restructure and to disregard controlled transactions based on the arm's length principle. The book, thus, examines the outer limits of the adjustment authority granted by the arm's length principle as opposed to its core area of application (price adjustments).
Author : Michael Lang,Giammarco Cotani,Raffaele Petruzzi
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-18
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789403517247
Transfer pricing is one of the most relevant and challenging topics in international taxation. Over the last century, nearly every country in the world introduced transfer pricing rules into their domestic legislation. Indeed, it was estimated that profit shifting generated by the improper application of transfer pricing rules has resulted in global tax losses worth USD 500 billion for governments – 20% of all corporate tax revenues. It is thus imperative that all tax professionals thoroughly understand the nature of transfer pricing and how the growing body of applicable rules works in practice. In this crucially significant volume, stakeholders from government, multinational companies, international organisations, advisory groups and academia offer deeply informed perspectives, both general and specific, on the practical application of transfer pricing rules, taking into consideration all the most recent developments. With approximately 160 practical examples and 90 relevant international judicial precedents, the presentation proceeds from general to more specialised topics. Such aspects of the subject as the following are thoroughly analysed: what is transfer pricing and the purpose of transfer pricing rules; the arm’s length principle and its application; the consequences of a transaction not being in accordance with the arm’s length principle; the transfer pricing methods; the mechanisms to avoid and resolve disputes; the transfer pricing documentation; the attribution of profits to permanent establishments; the transfer pricing aspects of specific transactions, such as services, financing, intangibles and business restructurings. The application of transfer pricing legislation is arguably the most difficult task that taxpayers and tax authorities around the world must face. With this authoritative source of practical guidance, government officials, tax lawyers, in-house tax counsel, academics, advisory firms, the business community and other stakeholders worldwide will have all the detail they need to move forward in tackling this thorny aspect of the current tax environment.
Author : Anuschka Bakker,Belema Obuoforibo
Publisher : IBFD
Page : 695 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Customs appraisal
ISBN : 9789087220594
This book discusses the intricate role of transfer pricing and customs value in international business environment. It examines the relationship between valuation for transfer pricing purposes and valuation for customs, and the significance of the relationship for multinational enterprises, tax authorities and customs administrations. The book begins by reviewing relevant international standards such as the OECD Guidelines and the GATT/WTO Customs Valuation Agreement. This is followed by a discussion of related issues such as VAT and administrative matters. Country chapters provide an overview of the applicable legislation and valuation methods, and case studies allow direct comparison between the practices of the different countries. The book concludes by summarizing the existing relationship between transfer pricing valuations and customs valuations, and by suggesting possible solutions towards a more integrated approach.
Author : Jerome Monsenego
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2022-11-22
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789403514932
Transfer pricing refers to the pricing of cross-border intercompany transactions. Transfer prices influence the tax base of multinational enterprises, and thus also the fiscal revenues of the countries where they are doing business. The importance of transfer pricing has significantly expanded over time and culminated with the work of the OECD on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS). With the globalisation of business activities, the need for States to prevent tax avoidance, and the risk of double taxation faced by multinational enterprises, transfer pricing has become a key question for multinational enterprises and tax administrations alike. Introduction to Transfer Pricing intends at providing a general introduction to the fundamentals of transfer pricing. The book is focused on explanations of the principles that apply, albeit to various extents, in most countries. Although the majority of these principles are provided by the OECD the views of other international organisations – in particular the United Nations and the European Union – are also taken into account. Moreover, the book illustrates the fundamentals of transfer pricing with concrete examples based on the structures often used by multinational enterprises when conducting cross-border business activities. Also included are relevant court cases from a variety of countries. Among the issues and topics covered are the following: the arm’s length principle in theory and practice; transfer pricing methods; intercompany transactions involving intangibles and financial transactions; common types of transfer pricing models; cross-border business restructurings; the substance requirement for transfer pricing purposes; attribution of profits to permanent establishments; and the prevention and resolution of transfer pricing disputes. This second edition was updated based on the 2022 OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines and the 2021 UN Transfer Pricing Manual.
Author : Michael Lang,Giammarco Cottani,Raffaele Petruzzi,Alfred Storck
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-03
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789041190215
Transfer pricing continues to be one of the most significant areas of heightened controversy in international taxation for multinational enterprises and tax administrations. Due to its far-reaching consequences, tax professionals and individual tax jurisdictions are required to understand the fundamentals of the topic, which is often caught in a maze of literature. Emerging from the joint research conducted by the WU Transfer Pricing Center at the Institute for Austrian and International Tax Law at WU (Vienna University of Economics and Business), the international tax law firm L&P – Ludovici Piccone & Partners, and the experiences from the annual advanced transfer pricing courses and conferences, this first edition of the book acts as a manual for understanding transfer pricing principles and their practical application. It provides a balanced approach by first detailing the basics of transfer pricing and second proceeding to specific topics that are highly relevant in today's tax environment. For the purpose of easy understanding, the book is presented in two parts: Part I: General Topics I. Introduction to Transfer Pricing II. Accurate Delineation and Recognition of Actual Transactions: Comparability Analysis III. Transfer Pricing Methods (Part I): Traditional Transaction Methods IV. Transfer Pricing Methods (Part II): Transactional Profit Methods V. Administrative Approaches to Avoiding/Minimizing Transfer Pricing Disputes VI. Administrative Approaches to Resolving Transfer Pricing Disputes VII. Transfer Pricing Documentation: Master File, Country File and Country-by-Country Reporting Part II: Specific Topics VIII. Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments IX. Transfer Pricing and Intra-group Services X. Transfer Pricing and Intra-group Financial Transactions XI. Transfer Pricing and Intangibles XII. Transfer Pricing, Supply Chain Management and Business Restructurings XIII. Transfer Pricing and Customs Valuation XIV. Transfer Pricing and EU State Aid In analysing the above topics, the work undertaken by the OECD, UN, EU, World Customs Organization, World Bank, International Monetary Fund and other international organizations is considered. Moreover, the book contains several practical examples, judicial precedents and illustrative explanations to complement the understanding. The book will be a catalyst for immense learning of students and young professionals who are at the introductory stage of understanding the nuances of transfer pricing. Further, the book also caters to tax lawyers, in-house tax counsels and academics working in international organizations, the business community and advisory firms as well as government officials interested in understanding transfer pricing.
Author : Jens Wittendorff
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 914 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2010-01-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789041132703
The arm's length principle serves as the domestic and international standard to evaluate transfer prices between members of multinational enterprises for tax purposes. The OECD has adopted the arm's length principle in Article 9 of its Model Income Tax Convention in order to ensure that transfer prices between members of multinational enterprises correspond to those that would have been agreed between independent enterprises under comparable circumstances. The arm's length principle provides the legal framework for governments to have their fair share of taxes, and for enterprises to avoid double taxation on their profits. This timely book contains a comparative analysis of the legal basis for the arm's length principle and the contents of the arm's length rules in US tax law as well as in the OECD Model Tax Convention and Transfer Pricing Guidelines. It includes a thorough review of international case law on transfer pricing from the United States, Canada, Australia, United Kingdom, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, and Norway. The book ends with an analysis of the issues associated with the application of the arm's length principle for multinational enterprises in a global economy.
Author : Amanda Johnson,William H. Green
Publisher : WorldTrade Executive, Inc.
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2005-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1893323692
U.S. TRANSFER PRICING SOURCEBOOK is a single-volume report designed to advise international finance professionals on the cutting edge tools and techniques being developed and applied by leading consultants. This sourcebook provides strategies on Intercompany Sales, Intercompany Service transactions, Cross-Border licensing, and Cost Sharing agreements.
Author : Raffaele Petruzzi,Michael Lang
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2023-03-09
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789403540337
In recent years, the interpretation and implementation of transfer pricing regulations of intra-group transactions involving financing functions increased exponentially as one of the main priorities of both taxpayers and governments. This topic has also attracted the attention of international organizations since 1972, whereby an extensive guidance has been rendered by the OECD in the Transfer Pricing Guidance on Financial Transactions that became Chapter X of the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines in February 2020. Not long after, the United Nations included these topics in Chapter 9 of its Practical Manual for Developing Countries in 2021. This book’s comprehensive approach to the practical application of transfer pricing rules to specific types of financing transactions ensures an in-depth understanding of the taxation of these transactions between related parties. Chapters contributed by renowned academics and practitioners based also on the work of international organizations elucidate the complex interaction between transfer pricing and the following types of intra-group financial transactions: loans; financial guarantees; cash pooling; hybrid financing; factoring; captive insurance; and asset management. Each contribution contains a balanced mix of theoretical understanding and practical examples, including case studies and references to key case law. Aware that legal certainty in this area remains unachievable despite the relevant work so far of the OECD and the UN, this book aims to alleviate this deficiency with principle-based and practical knowledge on transfer pricing applied to financial transactions. Tax lawyers, in-house tax counsel, tax authorities, international organizations, business communities, advisory firms, and academics will welcome this matchless overview and guide to one of the most important topics in international taxation.
Author : Joel Cooper,Randall Fox,Jan Loeprick,Komal Mohindra
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464809705
Recent years have seen unprecedented public scrutiny over the tax practices of Multinational Enterprise (MNE) groups. Tax policy and administration concerning international transactions, aggressive tax planning, and tax avoidance have become an issue of extensive national and international debate in developed and developing countries alike. Within this context, transfer pricing, historically a subject of limited specialist interest, has attained name recognition amongst a broader global audience that is concerned with equitable fiscal policy and sustainable development. Abusive transfer pricing practices are considered to pose major risk to the direct tax base of many countries and developing countries are particularly vulnerable because corporate tax tends to account for a larger share of their revenue. This handbook is part of the wider WBG engagement in supporting countries with Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM) by protecting their tax base and aims to cover all relevant aspects that have to be considered when introducing or strengthening transfer pricing regimes. The handbook provides guidance on analytical steps that can be taken to understand a country’s potential exposure to inappropriate transfer pricing (transfer mispricing) and outlines the main areas that require attention in the design and implementation of transfer pricing regimes. A discussion of relevant aspects of the legislative process, including the formulation of a transfer pricing policy, and the role and content of administrative guidance, is combined with the presentation of country examples on the practical application and implementation of the arm’s length principle and on running an effective transfer pricing audit program. Recognizing the importance of transfer pricing regulation and administration for the business environment and investor confidence, this handbook aims to balance the general objective of protecting a country’s tax base and raising additional revenue with investment climate considerations wherever appropriate.
Author : Raffaele Petruzzi,Giammarco Cottani,Michael Lang
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 549 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-20
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789403535203
This is Part Two of a crucially significant two-volume set on the nature of transfer pricing that fully elucidates how the growing body of applicable rules works in practice. The preceding volume, subtitled General Topics and Specific Transactions, focused on basic principles and specialized topics. This volume enlarges the scope of the first volume, particularly concerning industry specifics, regional considerations, the use of new technologies, and the intersection between transfer pricing rules and other disciplines. As in the first volume, stakeholding contributors from government, multinational companies, international organizations, advisory groups, and academia offer deeply informed perspectives, both general and specific, on the practical application of transfer pricing rules. With numerous examples and relevant international judicial precedents, the authors augment the first volume in such ways as the following: extended analysis of particular business sectors, including automotive, banking, consumer goods, insurance, IT, oil and gas, and pharmaceutics; specific jurisdictional coverage of the United States, the European Union, Brazil, China, and India; detailed presentation of the use of new technologies by both taxpayers and tax authorities; and further in-depth analysis of transfer pricing’s interaction with various fields of law. With this authoritative source of practical guidance, advisors, in-house practitioners, government officials, and academics worldwide will have all the details they need to move forward in tackling the complex aspects of the current transfer pricing environment.
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264279971
Author : Mukesh Butani
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1312 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Transfer pricing
ISBN : UOM:39015081848734
Reference guide to the Indian transfer pricing laws and method. The book provides comprehensive coverage and practical guidance on transfer pricing issues, including an analysis of the Indian legislation and transfer pricing methods; documentation requirements; a comparison of the Indian legislation with the OECD guidelines; tax planning techniques related to transfer pricing; discussions of the transfer pricing regime in Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, the United Kingdom and the United States. Furthermore, it contains brief overviews of the transfer pricing regime in 18 other countries; and the OECD transfer pricing guidelines for multinational enterprises and tax administrations (July 1995).
Author : Dr A. Michael Heimert,T.J. Michaelson
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 1290 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2018-10-26
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789403501710
The pricing of goods, services, intangible property and financial instruments within a multi-divisional organization, particularly in regard to cross-border transactions, has emerged as one of the most contentious areas of international tax law. This is due in no small measure to the rise of transfer pricing regulations as governments seek to stem the flow of their tax revenue from their jurisdictions. This thoroughly practical work provides guidance on an array of critical transfer pricing issues. The guide’s relevance is further enhanced by the inclusion of country chapters covering domestic transfer pricing issues in a variety of key national jurisdictions.
Author : Robert Robillard
Publisher : Self-Counsel Press
Page : 131 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781770405189
In this day and age, international expansion or simply conducting commercial dealings across borders, without too many hassles, is a taxing proposal. Without a strong understanding of the laws ruling international taxes, peace of mind is, at best, elusive. This book focuses on the rules of transfer pricing within the international tax regime, as they stand in Canada and the United States. Commercial enterprises large and small will benefit from the expert advice in this book. Author Robert Robillard brings his years of experience as an economist, accountant, and teacher to this work. He explains the background of pricing cross-border transactions between related parties, and offers a “Transfer Pricing Tool Kit” for the design, implementation, and documentation of the value chain for business and taxation purposes. Robillard covers the expected and unexpected relationships that will emerge from the cross-border transactions: the transfer pricing audit and the mechanisms available to remedy double taxation, as well as the usefulness of an advisor with respect to the handling of cross-border transactions.