Transforming Violent Political Movements

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Transforming Violent Political Movements

Kevin E. Grisham
Transforming Violent Political Movements Book PDF

Author : Kevin E. Grisham
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2014-03-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317913016

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Transforming Violent Political Movements by Kevin E. Grisham Pdf

This book explores the factors that influence violent rebellious political organisations to transform into other entities, such as political parties, criminal organisations and terrorist organisations. From the end of the Second World War until 1990, many events in the world centred on the bipolar struggle between the United States and the USSR. Although there were numerous civil wars occurring during the Cold War era, many of these conflicts went virtually unnoticed unless they were linked to the Cold War struggle for ideological dominance. In the aftermath of the fall of the Soviet Union, the number of intra-state conflicts was prevalent around the globe. Along with the occurrence of civil wars, a variety of violent political movements also developed. Examining cases from Latin America, Africa, Europe, and Asia, this book addresses how violent political movements transform during and after conflict into new types of organisations using the collective political violence transformative (CPVT) model. The study uses a combination of pre-existing literature from the fields of sociology and political science, archival research, and interviews with movement members (former and active) conducted by the author. In studying the Provisional IRA and Sinn Féin, the Spear of the Nation (MK) and the African National Congress (ANC), the Abu Sayyaf Group and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC-EP), Transforming Violent Political Movements paints a picture of organisations that have to respond to their environments to survive. This book will be of much interest to students of political violence, terrorism, war and conflict studies, security studies and IR.

Dynamics of Political Violence

Chares Demetriou
Dynamics of Political Violence Book PDF

Author : Chares Demetriou
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317147374

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Dynamics of Political Violence by Chares Demetriou Pdf

Dynamics of Political Violence examines how violence emerges and develops from episodes of contentious politics. By considering a wide range of empirical cases, such as anarchist movements, ethno-nationalist and left-wing militancy in Europe, contemporary Islamist violence, and insurgencies in South Africa and Latin America, this pathbreaking volume of research identifies the forces that shape radicalization and violent escalation. It also contributes to the process-and-mechanism-based models of contentious politics that have been developing over the past decade in both sociology and political science. Chapters of original research emphasize how the processes of radicalization and violence are open-ended, interactive, and context dependent. They offer detailed empirical accounts as well as comprehensive and systematic analyses of the dynamics leading to violent episodes. Specifically, the chapters converge around four dynamic processes that are shown to be especially germane to radicalization and violence: dynamics of movement-state interaction; dynamics of intra-movement competition; dynamics of meaning formation and transformation; and dynamics of diffusion.

Understanding Terrorism and Political Violence

Dipak K. Gupta
Understanding Terrorism and Political Violence Book PDF

Author : Dipak K. Gupta
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2008-03-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781135982829

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Understanding Terrorism and Political Violence by Dipak K. Gupta Pdf

This book explains the lifecycle of terrorist organizations from an innovative theoretical perspective, combining economics with social psychology. It provides a new approach to understanding human behaviour in organized society, and then uses this to analyze the forces shaping the lifecycle of violent political movements. Economic and rational-choice theorists assume that human beings are motivated only by self-utility, yet terrorism is ultimately an altruistic act in the eyes of its participants. This book highlights the importance of the desire to belong to a group as a motivating factor, and argues that all of us face an eternal trade-off between selfishness and community concern. This hypothesis is explored through four key groups; the IRA in Northern Ireland, Al Qaeda, Hamas, and the Naxalites in India. Through this, the book analyzes the birth, growth, transformation and demise of violent political movements, and ends with an analysis of the conditions which determine the outcome of the war against terrorism. Understanding Terrorism and Political Violence will be essential reading for advanced students of terrorism studies and political science, and of great interest to students of social psychology and sociology.

The Oxford Handbook of Social Movements

Donatella della Porta,Mario Diani
The Oxford Handbook of Social Movements Book PDF

Author : Donatella della Porta,Mario Diani
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 800 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2015-10-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191667824

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The Oxford Handbook of Social Movements by Donatella della Porta,Mario Diani Pdf

The Oxford Handbook of Social Movements is an innovative volume that presents a comprehensive exploration of social movement studies, mapping the field and expanding it to examine the recent developments in cognate areas of studies, within and beyond sociology and political science. This volume brings together the most distinguished social and political scientists working in this field, each writing thought-provoking essays in their area of expertise, and facilitates conversations between classic social movement agenda and lines of research. The Oxford Handbook of Social Movements discusses core theoretical perspectives, recent contributions from the field, and how patterns of macro social change may affect social movements, as well as suggesting what contributions social movement studies can give to other research areas in various disciplines.

Conflict Transformation and Peacebuilding

Bruce W. Dayton,Louis Kriesberg
Conflict Transformation and Peacebuilding Book PDF

Author : Bruce W. Dayton,Louis Kriesberg
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2009-02-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134018659

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Conflict Transformation and Peacebuilding by Bruce W. Dayton,Louis Kriesberg Pdf

This book seeks to examine the causes of escalation and de-escalation in intrastate conflicts. Specifically, the volume seeks to map the processes and dynamics that lead groups challenging existing power structures to engage in violent struggle; the processes and dynamics that contribute to the de-escalation of violent struggle and the participation of challengers in peaceful political activities; and the processes and dynamics that sustain and nurture this transformation. By integrating the latest ideas with richly presented case studies, this volume fills a gap in our understanding of the forces that lead to moderation and constructive engagement in the context of violent, intrastate conflicts. This volume will be of great interest to students of conflict management, peace studies, conflict resolution, ethnic conflict and security studies in general.

Political Movements and Violence in Central America

Charles D. Brockett
Political Movements and Violence in Central America Book PDF

Author : Charles D. Brockett
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 407 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2005-03-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9780521840835

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Political Movements and Violence in Central America by Charles D. Brockett Pdf

This book offers an indepth analysis of the confrontation between popular movements and repressive regimes in Central America for the three decades beginning in 1960, particularly in El Salvador and Guatemala. It examines both urban and rural groups as well as both nonviolent social movements and revolutionary movements. It studies the impact of state violence on contentious political movements as well as defends the political process model for studying such movements.

Why Civil Resistance Works

Erica Chenoweth,Maria J. Stephan
Why Civil Resistance Works Book PDF

Author : Erica Chenoweth,Maria J. Stephan
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2011-08-09
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231527484

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Why Civil Resistance Works by Erica Chenoweth,Maria J. Stephan Pdf

For more than a century, from 1900 to 2006, campaigns of nonviolent resistance were more than twice as effective as their violent counterparts in achieving their stated goals. By attracting impressive support from citizens, whose activism takes the form of protests, boycotts, civil disobedience, and other forms of nonviolent noncooperation, these efforts help separate regimes from their main sources of power and produce remarkable results, even in Iran, Burma, the Philippines, and the Palestinian Territories. Combining statistical analysis with case studies of specific countries and territories, Erica Chenoweth and Maria J. Stephan detail the factors enabling such campaigns to succeed and, sometimes, causing them to fail. They find that nonviolent resistance presents fewer obstacles to moral and physical involvement and commitment, and that higher levels of participation contribute to enhanced resilience, greater opportunities for tactical innovation and civic disruption (and therefore less incentive for a regime to maintain its status quo), and shifts in loyalty among opponents' erstwhile supporters, including members of the military establishment. Chenoweth and Stephan conclude that successful nonviolent resistance ushers in more durable and internally peaceful democracies, which are less likely to regress into civil war. Presenting a rich, evidentiary argument, they originally and systematically compare violent and nonviolent outcomes in different historical periods and geographical contexts, debunking the myth that violence occurs because of structural and environmental factors and that it is necessary to achieve certain political goals. Instead, the authors discover, violent insurgency is rarely justifiable on strategic grounds.

Another Politics

Chris Dixon
Another Politics Book PDF

Author : Chris Dixon
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2014-08-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520958845

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Another Politics by Chris Dixon Pdf

Amidst war, economic meltdown, and ecological crisis, a "new spirit of radicalism is blooming" from New York to Cairo, according to Chris Dixon. In Another Politics, he examines the trajectory of efforts that contributed to the radicalism of Occupy Wall Street and other recent movement upsurges. Drawing on voices of leading organizers across the United States and Canada, he delivers an engaging presentation of the histories and principles that shape many contemporary struggles. Dixon outlines the work of activists aligned with anti-authoritarian, anti-capitalist, and anti-oppression politics and discusses the lessons they are learning in their efforts to create social transformation. The book explores solutions to the key challenge for today’s activists, organizers, fighters, and dreamers: building a substantive link between the work of "against," which fights ruling institutions, and the work of "beyond," which develops liberatory alternatives.

Supporting a Movement for Health and Health Equity

Alison Mack,Alina Baciu,Roundtable on Population Health Improvement,Nirupa Goel,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity and the Elimination of Health Disparities,Institute of Medicine
Supporting a Movement for Health and Health Equity Book PDF

Author : Alison Mack,Alina Baciu,Roundtable on Population Health Improvement,Nirupa Goel,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity and the Elimination of Health Disparities,Institute of Medicine
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2014-12-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309303311

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Supporting a Movement for Health and Health Equity by Alison Mack,Alina Baciu,Roundtable on Population Health Improvement,Nirupa Goel,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity and the Elimination of Health Disparities,Institute of Medicine Pdf

"Supporting a Movement for Health and Health Equity" is the summary of a workshop convened in December 2013 by the Institute of Medicine Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity and the Elimination of Health Disparities and the Roundtable on Population Health Improvement to explore the lessons that may be gleaned from social movements, both those that are health-related and those that are not primarily focused on health. Participants and presenters focused on elements identified from the history and sociology of social change movements and how such elements can be applied to present-day efforts nationally and across communities to improve the chances for long, healthy lives for all. The idea of movements and movement building is inextricably linked with the history of public health. Historically, most movements - including, for example, those for safer working conditions, for clean water, and for safe food - have emerged from the sustained efforts of many different groups of individuals, which were often organized in order to protest and advocate for changes in the name of such values as fairness and human rights. The purpose of the workshop was to have a conversation about how to support the fragments of health movements that roundtable members believed they could see occurring in society and in the health field. Recent reports from the National Academies have highlighted evidence that the United States gets poor value on its extraordinary investments in health - in particular, on its investments in health care - as American life expectancy lags behind that of other wealthy nations. As a result, many individuals and organizations, including the Healthy People 2020 initiative, have called for better health and longer lives.

The Politics of Collective Violence

Charles Tilly
The Politics of Collective Violence Book PDF

Author : Charles Tilly
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2003-03-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781107494800

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The Politics of Collective Violence by Charles Tilly Pdf

Are there any commonalities between such phenomena as soccer hooliganism, sabotage by peasants of landlords' property, incidents of road rage, and even the events of September 11? With striking historical scope and command of the literature of many disciplines, this book, first published in 2003, seeks the common causes of these events in collective violence. In collective violence, social interaction immediately inflicts physical damage, involves at least two perpetrators of damage, and results in part from coordination among the persons who perform the damaging acts. Professor Tilly argues that collective violence is complicated, changeable, and unpredictable in some regards, yet that it also results from similar causes variously combined in different times and places. Pinpointing the causes, combinations, and settings helps to explain collective violence and its variations, and also helps to identify the best ways to mitigate violence and create democracies with a minimum of damage to persons and property.

Struggles for Home

Stef Jansen,Staffan Löfving
Struggles for Home Book PDF

Author : Stef Jansen,Staffan Löfving
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : House & Home
ISBN : 1845455231

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Struggles for Home by Stef Jansen,Staffan Löfving Pdf

"Based on anthropological studies across the globe, this book explores the experiences and contested meanings of home for people whose lives are characterized by migration related to varying forms of violence. Taking seriously the political implications and exploitation of discourses of home in the transnational processes that connect, yet differently affect, the movement of people and capital, it challenges the sedentarist assumption that territoriality and nation are necessarily the primary determinants of identification. However, it does not replace this sedentarism with a free floating, placeless approach. Instead, through the detailed ethnography of actual experiences of displacement and emplacement, it investigates the power sedentarist discourses may have to provide or prohibit hope. In Struggles for Home the focus is turned onto hope, aspiration and a sense of worth as necessary building blocks in the reconstruction of the social, amidst the violence of political and economic transformation. Research conducted in Sri Lanka, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Zambia, Cyprus, the Palestinian West Bank, Guatemala, and amongst Romanians and Moroccans in Spain articulates a novel theoretical framework for the development of a critical political anthropology of one of the most controversial and fascinating issues of our time - the remaking of home in migration."--Jacket.

100 Years of Irish Republican Violence: 1916-2016

John Morrison,Paul Gill
100 Years of Irish Republican Violence 1916 2016 Book PDF

Author : John Morrison,Paul Gill
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781315444864

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100 Years of Irish Republican Violence: 1916-2016 by John Morrison,Paul Gill Pdf

At Easter of 1916 an armed insurrection, launched by paramilitary republicans, took place in Ireland. When the General Post Office in Dublin was seized on Easter Monday, the rebels declared a free Irish Republic, independent from Great Britain. In the century that has passed since the Easter Rising, each generation of Irish republicans has mounted their own paramilitary campaign to bring about an independent united Ireland, from the War of Independence, to The Troubles, and right up to the modern-day dissident republican violence. By bringing together a range of researchers, from across a variety of academic disciplines, this edited volume analyses the one hundred years of Irish republican violence from 1916 to 2016. The assembled authors assess the evolution of paramilitary violence through a variety of themes, including the IRA from 1919-21, the case of ‘the Disappeared’, the relationship between counterterrorism killings and Provisional IRA bombings, and the analysis of modern-day violent dissident republican statements. Bringing the volume to a close are two long-form interviews with two key actors within the Troubles, Danny Morrison and Billy Hutchinson. In these interviews they discuss their own perspective on one hundred years of Irish republican paramilitary violence. This book was originally published as a special issue of Terrorism and Political Violence.

The Paradox of Repression and Nonviolent Movements

Lester R. Kurtz,Lee A. Smithey
The Paradox of Repression and Nonviolent Movements Book PDF

Author : Lester R. Kurtz,Lee A. Smithey
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780815654292

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The Paradox of Repression and Nonviolent Movements by Lester R. Kurtz,Lee A. Smithey Pdf

Political repression often paradoxically fuels popular movements rather than undermining resistance. When authorities respond to strategic nonviolent action with intimidation, coercion, and violence, they often undercut their own legitimacy, precipitating significant reforms or even governmental overthrow. Brutal repression of a movement is often a turning point in its history: Bloody Sunday in the March to Selma led to the passage of civil rights legislation by the US Congress, and the Amritsar Massacre in India showed the world the injustice of the British Empire’s use of force in maintaining control over its colonies. Activists in a wide range of movements have engaged in nonviolent strategies of repression management that can raise the likelihood that repression will cost those who use it. The Paradox of Repression and Nonviolent Movements brings scholars and activists together to address multiple dimensions and significant cases of this phenomenon, including the relational nature of nonviolent struggle and the cultural terrain on which it takes place, the psychological costs for agents of repression, and the importance of participation, creativity, and overcoming fear, whether in the streets or online.

Hate Crimes

Valerie Jenness
Hate Crimes Book PDF

Author : Valerie Jenness
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2018-12-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351516211

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Hate Crimes by Valerie Jenness Pdf

Violence directed at victimized groups because of their real or imagined characteristics is as old as humankind. Why, then, have "hate crimes" only recently become recog-nized as a serious social problem, especially in the United States? This book addresses a timely set of questions about the politics and dynamics of intergroup violence manifested

Inside Rebellion

Jeremy M. Weinstein
Inside Rebellion Book PDF

Author : Jeremy M. Weinstein
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2006-10-09
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781139458696

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Inside Rebellion by Jeremy M. Weinstein Pdf

Some rebel groups abuse noncombatant populations, while others exhibit restraint. Insurgent leaders in some countries transform local structures of government, while others simply extract resources for their own benefit. In some contexts, groups kill their victims selectively, while in other environments violence appears indiscriminate, even random. This book presents a theory that accounts for the different strategies pursued by rebel groups in civil war, explaining why patterns of insurgent violence vary so much across conflicts. It does so by examining the membership, structure, and behavior of four insurgent movements in Uganda, Mozambique, and Peru. Drawing on interviews with nearly two hundred combatants and civilians who experienced violence firsthand, it shows that rebels' strategies depend in important ways on how difficult it is to launch a rebellion. The book thus demonstrates how characteristics of the environment in which rebellions emerge constrain rebel organization and shape the patterns of violence that civilians experience.