Transitions Between Sexual Systems

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Transitions Between Sexual Systems

Janet L. Leonard
Transitions Between Sexual Systems Book PDF

Author : Janet L. Leonard
Publisher : Springer
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2019-05-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319941394

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Transitions Between Sexual Systems by Janet L. Leonard Pdf

This book focuses on explaining the distribution of sexual systems (simultaneous hermaphroditism, sequential hermaphroditism, environmental sex determination,dioecy, androdioecy, etc.) among taxa, which remains a major challenge in evolutionary biology. Although significant advances have been made for angiosperms, there is not yet a theory that predicts the sexual system for the majority of animal taxa, and other taxa of plants also remain poorly understood. The problem, particularly for animals, is that sexual systems can be very conservative, with whole phyla and classes being characterized by a single sexual system; for example essentially the whole phylum Platyhelminthes is simultaneously hermaphroditic, whereas the Insecta (Hexapoda) and the Tetrapoda among the vertebrates, are exclusively dioecious. Sex allocation theory on the other hand, suggests that sexual systems should be highly responsive to evolution, changing with population density, life span, patterns of resource availability, etc. The book provides an overview of the topic and then presents a series of chapters, each dealing with a taxon with substantial lability in sexual system in order to identify the factors associated with changes in sexual system in each case. By doing so, the authors reveal factors that have not been considered in formal theory but seem to have a major impact on transitions between sexual systems. This book appeals to a wide readership in fields from zoology and evolutionary biology to botany.

Major Evolutionary Transitions in Flowering Plant Reproduction

Spencer C. H. Barrett
Major Evolutionary Transitions in Flowering Plant Reproduction Book PDF

Author : Spencer C. H. Barrett
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2008-11-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226038162

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Major Evolutionary Transitions in Flowering Plant Reproduction by Spencer C. H. Barrett Pdf

The first volume to address the study of evolutionary transitions in plants, Major Evolutionary Transitions in Flowering Plant Reproduction brings together compelling work from the three areas of significant innovation in plant biology: evolution and adaptation in flowers and pollination, mating patterns and gender strategies, and asexual reproduction and polyploidy. Spencer C. H. Barrett assembles here a distinguished group of authors who address evolutionary transitions using comparative and phylogenetic approaches, the tools of genomics, population genetics, and theoretical modeling, and through studies in development and field experiments in ecology. With special focus on evolutionary transitions and shifts in reproductive characters—key elements of biological diversification and research in evolutionary biology—Major Evolutionary Transitions in Flowering Plant Reproduction is the most up-to-date treatment of a fast-moving area of evolutionary biology and ecology.

Hermaphroditism and Mating Systems in Fish

Tetsuo Kuwamura,Kota Sawada,Tomoki Sunobe,Yoichi Sakai,Tatsuru Kadota
Hermaphroditism and Mating Systems in Fish Book PDF

Author : Tetsuo Kuwamura,Kota Sawada,Tomoki Sunobe,Yoichi Sakai,Tatsuru Kadota
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2022-12-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811960956

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Hermaphroditism and Mating Systems in Fish by Tetsuo Kuwamura,Kota Sawada,Tomoki Sunobe,Yoichi Sakai,Tatsuru Kadota Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive review of hermaphroditism in fishes. It focuses on the behavioral ecology of functional hermaphroditism in fishes and discusses its evolution. Approximately 99% of all vertebrate species consist of separate-sex individuals (gonochorists), i.e., pure males and pure females. The other 1% of vertebrate species are hermaphroditic, and almost all of them are fishes. Among hermaphroditic fishes, four major types of hermaphroditism are known: simultaneous (or synchronous) hermaphroditism, protandry (male-to-female sex change), protogyny (female-to-male sex change), and bidirectional sex change (or reversed sex change in protogynous species). The book examines the occurrence of hermaphroditism in relation to phylogeny and mating systems. It also reviews the hypotheses for the evolution of hermaphroditism, and the size-advantage model, which is the main theory for the evolution of sex change, tested in relation to the mating system. The appendix in the last chapter provides an annotated list of hermaphroditic fish species (ca. 500 spp.).

Evolutionary Ecology of Social and Sexual Systems

J. Emmett Duffy,Martin Thiel
Evolutionary Ecology of Social and Sexual Systems Book PDF

Author : J. Emmett Duffy,Martin Thiel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2007-09-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 0199720681

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Evolutionary Ecology of Social and Sexual Systems by J. Emmett Duffy,Martin Thiel Pdf

Understanding of animal social and sexual evolution has seen a renaissance in recent years with discoveries of frequent infidelity in apparently monogamous species, the importance of sperm competition, active female mate choice, and eusocial behavior in animals outside the traditional social insect groups. Each of these findings has raised new questions, and suggested new answers, about the evolution of behavioral interactions among animals. This volume synthesizes recent research on the sexual and social biology of the Crustacea, one of the dominant invertebrate groups on earth. Its staggering diversity includes ecologically important inhabitants of nearly every environment from deep-sea trenches, through headwater streams, to desert soils. The wide range of crustacean phenotypes and environments is accompanied by a comparable diversity of behavioral and social systems, including the elaborate courtship and wildly exaggerated morphologies of fiddler crabs, the mysterious queuing behavior of migrating spiny lobsters, and even eusociality in coral-reef shrimps. This diversity makes crustaceans particularly valuable for exploring the comparative evolution of sexual and social systems. Despite exciting recent advances, however, general recognition of the value of Crustacea as models has lagged behind that of the better studied insects and vertebrates. This book synthesizes the state of the field in crustacean behavior and sociobiology and places it in a conceptually based, comparative framework that will be valuable to active researchers and students in animal behavior, ecology, and evolutionary biology. It brings together a group of internationally recognized and rising experts in fields related to crustacean behavioral ecology, ranging from physiology and functional morphology, through mating and social behavior, to ecology and phylogeny. Each chapter makes connections to other, non-crustacean taxa, and the volume closes with a summary section that synthesizes the contributions, discusses anthropogenic impacts, highlights unanswered questions, and provides a vision for profitable future research.

The Genetics and Biology of Sexual Conflict

William Richard Rice,Sergey Gavrilets
The Genetics and Biology of Sexual Conflict Book PDF

Author : William Richard Rice,Sergey Gavrilets
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Science
ISBN : 1621820599

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The Genetics and Biology of Sexual Conflict by William Richard Rice,Sergey Gavrilets Pdf

"A subject collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology."

The Evolution of Sex Determination

Leo Beukeboom,Nicolas Perrin
The Evolution of Sex Determination Book PDF

Author : Leo Beukeboom,Nicolas Perrin
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2014-06-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191631399

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The Evolution of Sex Determination by Leo Beukeboom,Nicolas Perrin Pdf

Sexual reproduction is a fundamental aspect of life. It is defined by the occurrence of meiosis and the fusion of two gametes of different sexes or mating types. Sex-determination mechanisms are responsible for the sexual fate and development of sexual characteristics in an organism, be it a unicellular alga, a plant, or an animal. In many cases, sex determination is genetic: males and females have different alleles or different genes that specify their sexual morphology. In animals, this is often accompanied by chromosomal differences. In other cases, sex may be determined by environmental (e.g. temperature) or social variables (e.g. the size of an organism relative to other members of its population). Surprisingly, sex-determination mechanisms are not evolutionarily conserved but are bewilderingly diverse and appear to have had rapid turnover rates during evolution. Evolutionary biologists continue to seek a solution to this conundrum. What drives the surprising dynamics of such a fundamental process that always leads to the same outcome: two sex types, male and female? The answer is complex but the ongoing genomic revolution has already greatly increased our knowledge of sex-determination systems and sex chromosomes in recent years. This novel book presents and synthesizes our current understanding, and clearly shows that sex-determination evolution will remain a dynamic field of future research. The Evolution of Sex Determination is an advanced, research level text suitable for graduate students and researchers in genetics, developmental biology, and evolution.

The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals

Janet Leonard,Alex Cordoba-Aguilar
The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals Book PDF

Author : Janet Leonard,Alex Cordoba-Aguilar
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2010-07-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 0199717036

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The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals by Janet Leonard,Alex Cordoba-Aguilar Pdf

Primary sexual traits, those structures and processes directly involved in reproduction, are some of the most diverse, specialized, and bizarre in the animal kingdom. Moreover, reproductive traits are often species-specific, suggesting that they evolved very rapidly. This diversity, long the province of taxonomists, has recently attracted broader interest from evolutionary biologists, especially those interested in sexual selection and the evolution of reproductive strategies. Primary sexual characters were long assumed to be the product of natural selection, exclusively. A recent alternative suggests that sexual selection explains much of the diversity of "primary" sexual characters. A third approach to the evolution of reproductive interactions after copulation or insemination has been to consider the process one of sexual conflict. That is, the reproductive processes of a species may reflect, as does the mating system, evolution acting on males and on females, but in different directions. In this volume, authors explore a wide variety of primary sexual characters and selective pressures that have shaped them, from natural selection for offspring survival to species-isolating mechanisms, sperm competition, cryptic female choice and sexual arms races. Exploring diverse reproductive adaptations from a theoretical and practical perspective, The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters will provide an unparalleled overview of sexual diversity in many taxa and an introduction to the issues in sexual selection that are changing our view of sexual processes.

The Natural History of the Crustacea: Reproductive Biology

Rickey Cothran,Martin Thiel
The Natural History of the Crustacea Reproductive Biology Book PDF

Author : Rickey Cothran,Martin Thiel
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 609 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190688554

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The Natural History of the Crustacea: Reproductive Biology by Rickey Cothran,Martin Thiel Pdf

This is the sixth volume of a ten-volume series on The Natural History of the Crustacea. The volume synthesizes in nineteen chapters our current understanding of diverse topics in crustacean reproductive biology. In the first part of this book, the chapters address allocation strategies to reproduction, gamete production, brooding behavior, and other components of parental care in crustaceans. The second part of the volume centers on sexual systems in crustaceans. The third section of the volume covers crustacean mating systems and sexual selection. Reproductive Biology ends with three chapters covering diverse topics including reproductive rhythms, crustacean personality research, and record breaking crustaceans with respect to reproductive characters.

The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals

Janet Leonard,Alex Cordoba-Aguilar
The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals Book PDF

Author : Janet Leonard,Alex Cordoba-Aguilar
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 550 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2010-07-19
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780195325553

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The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals by Janet Leonard,Alex Cordoba-Aguilar Pdf

This edited volume explores primary sexual characters in a wide variety of animal taxa. It provides an overview of sexual diversity, the selective pressures that have shaped it, and an introduction to the data and theoretical issues in sexual selection that are changing our view of sexual processes.

The Natural History of the Crustacea: Reproductive Biology

Rickey Cothran,Martin Thiel
The Natural History of the Crustacea Reproductive Biology Book PDF

Author : Rickey Cothran,Martin Thiel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2020-01-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190688561

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The Natural History of the Crustacea: Reproductive Biology by Rickey Cothran,Martin Thiel Pdf

This is the sixth volume of a ten-volume series on The Natural History of the Crustacea. The volume synthesizes in nineteen chapters our current understanding of diverse topics in crustacean reproductive biology. In the first part of this book, the chapters address allocation strategies to reproduction, gamete production, brooding behavior, and other components of parental care in crustaceans. The second part of the volume centers on sexual systems in crustaceans. The third section of the volume covers crustacean mating systems and sexual selection. Reproductive Biology ends with three chapters covering diverse topics including reproductive rhythms, crustacean personality research, and record breaking crustaceans with respect to reproductive characters.

Ecology and Evolution of Flowers

Lawrence D. Harder,Spencer C. H. Barrett
Ecology and Evolution of Flowers Book PDF

Author : Lawrence D. Harder,Spencer C. H. Barrett
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2006-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191513862

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Ecology and Evolution of Flowers by Lawrence D. Harder,Spencer C. H. Barrett Pdf

The reproductive organs and mating biology of angiosperms exhibit greater variety than those of any other group of organisms. Flowers and inflorescences are also the most diverse structures produced by angiosperms, and floral traits provide some of the most compelling examples of evolution by natural selection. Given that flowering plants include roughly 250,000 species, their reproductive diversity will not be explained easily by continued accumulation of case studies of individual species. Instead a more strategic approach is now required, which seeks to identify general principles concerning the role of ecological function in the evolution of reproductive diversity. The Ecology and Evolution of Flowers uses this approach to expose new insights into the functional basis of floral diversity, and presents the very latest theoretical and empirical research on floral evolution. Floral biology is a dynamic and growing area and this book, written by the leading internationally recognized researchers in this field, reviews current progress in understanding the evolution and function of flowers. Chapters contain both new research findings and synthesis. Major sections in turn examine functional aspects of floral traits and sexual systems, the ecological influences on reproductive adaptation, and the role of floral biology in angiosperm diversification. Overall, this integrated treatment illustrates the role of floral function and evolution in the generation of angiosperm biodiversity. This advanced textbook is suitable for graduate level students taking courses in plant ecology, evolution, systematics, biodiversity and conservation. It will also be of interest and use to a broader audience of plant scientists seeking an authoritative overview of recent advances in floral biology.

Ecological Genomics

Christian R. Landry,Nadia Aubin-Horth
Ecological Genomics Book PDF

Author : Christian R. Landry,Nadia Aubin-Horth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013-11-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400773479

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Ecological Genomics by Christian R. Landry,Nadia Aubin-Horth Pdf

Researchers in the field of ecological genomics aim to determine how a genome or a population of genomes interacts with its environment across ecological and evolutionary timescales. Ecological genomics is trans-disciplinary by nature. Ecologists have turned to genomics to be able to elucidate the mechanistic bases of the biodiversity their research tries to understand. Genomicists have turned to ecology in order to better explain the functional cellular and molecular variation they observed in their model organisms. We provide an advanced-level book that covers this recent research and proposes future development for this field. A synthesis of the field of ecological genomics emerges from this volume. Ecological Genomics covers a wide array of organisms (microbes, plants and animals) in order to be able to identify central concepts that motivate and derive from recent investigations in different branches of the tree of life. Ecological Genomics covers 3 fields of research that have most benefited from the recent technological and conceptual developments in the field of ecological genomics: the study of life-history evolution and its impact of genome architectures; the study of the genomic bases of phenotypic plasticity and the study of the genomic bases of adaptation and speciation.

Gender in Transition

Ulrike Gleixner,Marion W. Gray
Gender in Transition Book PDF

Author : Ulrike Gleixner,Marion W. Gray
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Sex role
ISBN : 0472069438

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Gender in Transition by Ulrike Gleixner,Marion W. Gray Pdf

The historical influence of gender on German society and change

The Persimmon Genome

Ryutaro Tao,Zhengrong Luo
The Persimmon Genome Book PDF

Author : Ryutaro Tao,Zhengrong Luo
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031055843

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The Persimmon Genome by Ryutaro Tao,Zhengrong Luo Pdf

This book will expound the latest information on the current state of persimmon genomics and transcriptomics, with a particular focus on the latest findings and analysis in relation to the most important agronomic traits. The genus Diospyros contains about 400 species distributed all continents of the globe. Most of Diospyros species are distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions, while cultivated persimmon or simply kaki (Diospyros kaki) originates in East Asia and has been grown in China, Japan and Korea for many years. World production of persimmon has been increasing continuously since 1990s, with China being the most producer. Outside Asia, kaki production has been rapidly increasing in Spain in recent years. Because kaki is mostly hexaploid (2n = 6x =90) and its genome size is quite large with the flow cytometric analysis estimation of about 900 Mb, genetic and molecular studies in persimmon are quite complicated. Diploid close relatives of kaki, D. lotus and D. oleifera have been recently used as model species of kaki. Utilizing these species, molecular basis of several economically molecular basis of important traits such as sexuality and astringency has been studied, giving important information for kaki breeding.

The Major Transitions in Evolution

John Maynard Smith,Eörs Szathmáry
The Major Transitions in Evolution Book PDF

Author : John Maynard Smith,Eörs Szathmáry
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1997-10-30
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780198502944

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The Major Transitions in Evolution by John Maynard Smith,Eörs Szathmáry Pdf

During evolution there have been several major changes in the way genetic information is organized and transmitted from one generation to the next. These transitions include the origin of life itself, the first eukaryotic cells, reproduction by sexual means, the appearance of multicellular plants and animals, the emergence of cooperation and of animal societies. This is the first book to discuss all these major transitions and their implications for our understanding of evolution.Clearly written and illustrated with many original diagrams, this book will be welcomed by students and researchers in the fields of evolutionary biology, ecology, and genetics.