Transitions To Democracy

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Transitions to Democracy

Author : Kathryn Stoner,Michael McFaul
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781421408774

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Transitions to Democracy by Kathryn Stoner,Michael McFaul Pdf

Fifteen case studies by scholars and practitioners demonstrate the synergy between domestic and international influences that can precipitate democratic transitions. As demonstrated by current events in Tunisia and Egypt, oppressive regimes are rarely immune to their citizens’ desire for democratic government. Of course, desire is always tempered by reality; therefore how democratic demands are made manifest is a critical source of study for both political scientists and foreign policy makers. What issues and consequences surround the fall of a government, what type of regime replaces it, and to what extent are these efforts successful? Kathryn Stoner and Michael McFaul have created an accessible book of fifteen case studies from around the world that will help students understand these complex issues. Their model builds upon Guillermo O’Donnell, Philippe C. Schmitter, and Laurence Whitehead's classic work, Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, using a rubric of four identifying factors that can be applied to each case study, making comparison relatively easy. Transitions to Democracy yields strong comparisons and insights. For instance, the study reveals that efforts led by the elite and involving the military are generally unsuccessful, whereas mass mobilization, civic groups, and new media have become significant factors in supporting and sustaining democratic actors. This collection of writings by scholars and practitioners is organized into three parts: successful transitions, incremental transitions, and failed transitions. Extensive primary research and a rubric that can be applied to burgeoning democracies offer readers valuable tools and information.

Transitions to Democracy

Author : Lisa Anderson
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1999-09-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231502474

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Transitions to Democracy by Lisa Anderson Pdf

Are the factors that initiate democratization the same as those that maintain a democracy already established? The scholarly and policy debates over this question have never been more urgent. In 1970, Dankwart A. Rustow's clairvoyant article "Transitions to Democracy: Toward a Dynamic Model" questioned the conflation of the primary causes and sustaining conditions of democracy and democratization. Now this collection of essays by distinguished scholars responds to and extends Rustow's classic work, Transitions to Democracy--which originated as a special issue of the journal Comparative Politics and contains three new articles written especially for this volume--represents much of the current state of the large and growing literature on democratization in American political science. The essays simultaneously illustrate the remarkable reach of Rustow's prescient article across the decades and reveal what the intervening years have taught us. In light of the enormous opportunities of the post-Cold War world for the promotion of democratic government in parts of the world once thought hopelessly lost of authoritarian and totalitarian regimes, this timely collection constitutes and important contribution to the debates and efforts to promote the more open, responsive, and accountable government we associate with democracy.

Democratic Transitions

Author : Sergio Bitar,Abraham F. Lowenthal
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2015-09-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781421417608

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Democratic Transitions by Sergio Bitar,Abraham F. Lowenthal Pdf

Thirteen former presidents and prime ministers discuss how they helped their countries end authoritarian rule and achieve democracy. National leaders who played key roles in transitions to democratic governance reveal how these were accomplished in Brazil, Chile, Ghana, Indonesia, Mexico, the Philippines, Poland, South Africa, and Spain. Commissioned by the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA), these interviews shed fascinating light on how repressive regimes were ended and democracy took hold. In probing conversations with Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Patricio Aylwin, Ricardo Lagos, John Kufuor, Jerry Rawlings, B. J. Habibie, Ernesto Zedillo, Fidel V. Ramos, Aleksander Kwasniewski, Tadeusz Mazowiecki, F. W. de Klerk, Thabo Mbeki, and Felipe González, editors Sergio Bitar and Abraham F. Lowenthal focused on each leader’s principal challenges and goals as well as their strategies to end authoritarian rule and construct democratic governance. Context-setting introductions by country experts highlight each nation’s unique experience as well as recurrent challenges all transitions faced. A chapter by Georgina Waylen analyzes the role of women leaders, often underestimated. A foreword by Tunisia’s former president, Mohamed Moncef Marzouki, underlines the book’s relevance in North Africa, West Asia, and beyond. The editors’ conclusion distills lessons about how democratic transitions have been and can be carried out in a changing world, emphasizing the importance of political leadership. This unique book should be valuable for political leaders, civil society activists, journalists, scholars, and all who want to support democratic transitions.

Transitions and Consolidation of Democracy in Africa

Author : Samuel Ebow Quainoo
Publisher : Global Academic Publishing
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : History
ISBN : 1586840401

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Transitions and Consolidation of Democracy in Africa by Samuel Ebow Quainoo Pdf

What conditions motivate a transition to democracy? Can the dynamics of a transition influence its outcome? Under what circumstances has democracy been consolidated in Africa? This trilogy of questions has become necessary in light of the current democratic wave engulfing Africa and the rest of the world. In examining the conditions that initiate democratic transitions, this book investigates the circumstances under which democracy movements have operated between 1980 and 1990. It concludes that, contrary to dominant democratic theory, the transitions to democracy in Africa have occurred under declining levels of development. With regard to transitions, the book recognizes that they have their own dynamics. Two main types of transitions are discerned: top-down and bottom-up. The book argues that in spite of the restrictive nature of top-down transitions, they offer a better opportunity for democratic consolidation because of the consensus between elites of the pro-democracy regime and their counterparts in the authoritarian regime, a condition that is normally absent under bottom-up transitions. Finally, relying on the cases of consolidated democracies, the book derives an African democracy model. The model delineates five main conditions that facilitate democratic consolidation, including good leadership, relevant political institutions, external support, civic space, and a reasonable level of development. It cautions, however, that these are not sufficient conditions, nor are all of them necessary. Since countries have unique historical circumstances, specific countries will have to combine conditions in the model that are relevant to that society to consolidate its democracy. The right combination will depend on the specific needs of the individual country.

Democratic Transitions

Author : Sujian Guo,Gary A Stradiotto
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2014-04-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317751069

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Democratic Transitions by Sujian Guo,Gary A Stradiotto Pdf

Democratic transitions have occurred in many countries in various regions across the globe, such as Southern Europe, Latin America, Africa, East and Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe and the Middle East, and these nations have undergone simuntaneously political, economic and social transformations. Yet, the patterns and characteristics of transitions have varied significantly, and different modes of transition have resulted in different outcomes. This book offers cross-national comparisons of democratic transition since the turn of the twentieth century and asks what makes democracies succeed or fail. In doing so it explores the influence the mode of transition has on the longevity or durability of the democracy, by theoretically examining and quantitatively testing this relationship. The authors argue that the mode of transition directly impacts the success and failure of democracy, and suggest that cooperative transitions, where opposition groups work together with incumbent elites to peacefully transition the state, result in democracies that last longer and are associated with higher measures of democratic quality. Based on a cross-national dataset of all democratic transitioning states since 1900, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars of international politics, comparative politics and democracy, and democratization studies.

Democratic Transition in the Muslim World

Author : Alfred Stepan
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2018-03-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231545419

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Democratic Transition in the Muslim World by Alfred Stepan Pdf

In early 2011, widespread protests ousted dictatorial regimes in both Tunisia and Egypt. Within a few years, Tunisia successfully held parliamentary and presidential elections and witnessed a peaceful transition of power, while the Egyptian military went on to seize power and institute authoritarian control. What explains the success and failure of transitions to democracy in these two countries, and how might they speak to democratic transition attempts in other Muslim-majority countries? Democratic Transition in the Muslim World convenes leading scholars to consider the implications of democratic success in Tunisia and failure in Egypt in comparative perspective. Alongside case studies of Indonesia, Senegal, and India, contributors analyze similarities and differences among democratizing countries with large Muslim populations, considering universal challenges as well as each nation’s particular obstacles. A central theme is the need to understand the conditions under which it becomes possible to craft pro-democratic coalitions among secularists and Islamists. Essays discuss the dynamics of secularist fears of Islamist electoral success, the role of secular constituencies in authoritarian regimes’ resilience, and the prospects for moderation among both secularist and Islamist political actors. They delve into topics such as the role of the army and foreign military aid, Middle Eastern constitutions, and the role of the Muslim Brotherhood. The book also includes an essay by the founder and president of Tunisia’s Ennadha Party, Rachid Ghannouchi, who discusses the political strategies his party chose to pursue.

Pathways to Democracy

Author : James Frank Hollifield,Calvin C. Jillson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781136687044

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Pathways to Democracy by James Frank Hollifield,Calvin C. Jillson Pdf

A global examination that includes nations in Latin America, Asia, Russia, Eastern Europe, and Africa, Pathways to Democracy investigates the implications of the various paths that nations take to democracy and the political and economic programs needed to stabilize new democracies. From military to authoritarian to communist oligarchies, the essays reveal that democratic transitions were instigated by divisions within the ruling elite, challenges came from groups and interests outside the elite, and poor economic performance followed in its wake. An extensive look at what the United States can do through its foreign policy to promote and invest in democratization is included. An introduction to democratization that is comprehensive and global in scope. Includes comprehensive focus on U.S. foreign policy

Democratic Transitions

Author : Sujian Guo,Gary A Stradiotto
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 151 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2014-04-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317751076

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Democratic Transitions by Sujian Guo,Gary A Stradiotto Pdf

Democratic transitions have occurred in many countries in various regions across the globe, such as Southern Europe, Latin America, Africa, East and Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe and the Middle East, and these nations have undergone simuntaneously political, economic and social transformations. Yet, the patterns and characteristics of transitions have varied significantly, and different modes of transition have resulted in different outcomes. This book offers cross-national comparisons of democratic transition since the turn of the twentieth century and asks what makes democracies succeed or fail. In doing so it explores the influence the mode of transition has on the longevity or durability of the democracy, by theoretically examining and quantitatively testing this relationship. The authors argue that the mode of transition directly impacts the success and failure of democracy, and suggest that cooperative transitions, where opposition groups work together with incumbent elites to peacefully transition the state, result in democracies that last longer and are associated with higher measures of democratic quality. Based on a cross-national dataset of all democratic transitioning states since 1900, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars of international politics, comparative politics and democracy, and democratization studies.

Transitions to Democracy

Author : Geoffrey Pridham
Publisher : Dartmouth Publishing Company
Page : 680 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Political Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105012412990

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Transitions to Democracy by Geoffrey Pridham Pdf

The phenomenon of transitions to liberal democracy has become a major concern for political scientists in recent decades. This text covers conceptual issues for regime change, theoretical and comparative interpretations of transition and authoritarian collapse, national case-studies of transition (divided into three area studies), the international context of transition, the move towards democratic consolidation, and the future of democratic transition studies.

Transition to Democracy in Eastern Europe

Author : Klaus von Beyme
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Democracy
ISBN : 031215884X

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Transition to Democracy in Eastern Europe by Klaus von Beyme Pdf

Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation

Author : Juan J. Linz,Alfred Stepan
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1996-08-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0801851580

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Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation by Juan J. Linz,Alfred Stepan Pdf

5. Actors and contexts

When Democracies Collapse

Author : Luca Tomini
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2017-10-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351747431

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When Democracies Collapse by Luca Tomini Pdf

While the process of democratization is nowadays an established scholarship, the reverse process of de-democratization has generated less attention even when the regression or even breakdown of democracy occurred on a regular basis over past decades. This book investigates both the different combination of explanatory factors triggering the transition from democratic rule as well as the role of the actors’ involved in the process. It aims to integrate different levels of analysis and explanatory factors through a comparative analysis of the phenomenon since the beginning of the third wave of democratization. As such, it addresses the existing divide between the approaches focused on the conditions and those focused on the processes of change, using a mixed-method research design. This text will be of key interest to scholars and students of comparative politics, democracy, democratization and de-democratization, political theory, and comparative political institutions.

From Dissent to Democracy

Author : Jonathan C. Pinckney
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020-06-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190097332

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From Dissent to Democracy by Jonathan C. Pinckney Pdf

Peaceful protest is a strong driver for democratization across the globe. Yet, it doesn't always lead to democratic transition, as seen in the Arab Spring revolutions in Egypt or Yemen. Why do some nonviolent transitions end in democracy while others do not? In From Dissent to Democracy, Jonathan Pinckney systematically examines transitions initiated by nonviolent resistance campaigns and argues that two key factors explain whether or not democracy will follow such efforts. First, a movement must sustain high levels of social mobilization. Second, it must direct that mobilization away from revolutionary "maximalist" goals and tactics and towards support for new institutions. Pinckney tests his theory by presenting a global statistical analysis of all political transitions from 1945-2011 and three case studies from Nepal, Zambia, and Brazil. Original and empirically rigorous, this book provides new insights into the intersection of democratization and nonviolent resistance and gives actionable recommendations for how to encourage democratic transitions.

Democratic Transitions

Author : Renske Doorenspleet
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Democracy
ISBN : 1588263061

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Democratic Transitions by Renske Doorenspleet Pdf

A systematic theoretical and empirical analysis of variations in tansitions to democracy.

Three Generations of European Constitutional Courts in Transition to Democracy

Author : Francesco Biagi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2020-01-02
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108489393

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Three Generations of European Constitutional Courts in Transition to Democracy by Francesco Biagi Pdf

A comparative perspective of role played by three generations of European Constitutional Courts in the process of transition to democracy.