Trends In Corruption And Regulatory Burden In Eastern Europe And Central Asia

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Trends in Corruption and Regulatory Burden in Eastern Europe and Central Asia

The World Bank
Trends in Corruption and Regulatory Burden in Eastern Europe and Central Asia Book PDF

Author : The World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2011-01-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821386964

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Trends in Corruption and Regulatory Burden in Eastern Europe and Central Asia by The World Bank Pdf

Historically countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia have faced a number of obstacles in their transition to democracy and market-based economies. These obstacles include higher levels of corruption, and greater administrative and regulatory burdens as they pass laws and implement programs to combat corruption and promote private sector development. This report uses the results of the most recent Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) to examine trends in corruption and administrative burden of regulations on private sector firms in 29 Eastern European and Central Asian countries. The results show overall positive trends in the Eastern Europe and Central Asian region in terms of incidence of corruption and the burden placed on private sector firms by administrative and other regulations. . The most notable and definitive finding from the 2008 BEEPS is a continuation in the favorable trend regarding firms payment of administrative bribes. Across the region, there has been progress made in the perceptions of bribery and unofficial payments. Frequency of bribe-paying fell significantly in the areas of taxes, customs and imports and courts, for the region overall and in most countries. The report examines several factors that influence the level of administrative corruption, including regulatory burden, strength of anti-corruption legislation, and income (among others). Results show that countries with greater capacity to enforce and implement anti-corruption measures are less likely to have high levels of corruption and incidence of graft. The results presented in the report show that countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia are no longer facing higher corruption or regulatory burden than firms in comparable non-transition countries.

Measuring Corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia

Stephen F. Knack
Measuring Corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia Book PDF

Author : Stephen F. Knack
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Political corruption
ISBN : 9780607131406

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Measuring Corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia by Stephen F. Knack Pdf

"This paper assesses corruption levels and trends among countries in the transition countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA) based on data from several sources that are both widely used and cover most or all countries in the region. Data from firm surveys tend to show improvement in most types of administrative corruption, but little change in "state capture" in the region. Broader, subjective corruption indicators tend to show somewhat greater improvement in ECA than in non-ECA countries on average. A "primer on corruption indicators" discusses definitional and methodological differences among data sources that may account in large part for the apparently conflicting messages they often provide. This discussion concludes that depending on one's purpose, it may be more appropriate to use data from a single source rather than a composite index because of the loss of conceptual precision in aggregation. A second conclusion is that the gains in statistical precision from aggregating sources of corruption data likely are far more modest than often claimed because of interdependence among data sources. The range of detailed corruption measures available in firm surveys are exploited to show that broad, perceptions-based corruption assessments appear to measure primarily administrative corruption, despite their stated criteria placing great weight on "state capture." Finally, the paper emphasizes the need for scaling up data initiatives to fill significant gaps between our conceptual definitions of corruption and the operational definition embodied in the existing measures."--World Bank web site.

Fighting Corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia The Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan Progress and Challenges

OECD
Fighting Corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia The Istanbul Anti Corruption Action Plan Progress and Challenges Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2008-10-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264055094

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Fighting Corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia The Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan Progress and Challenges by OECD Pdf

This volume analyses a broad range of anti-corruption measures recently implemented in Eastern Europe and Central Asia and identifies where interim progress has been achieved, and where further or reinforced action is needed.

Measuring Corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia

Stephen Knack
Measuring Corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia Book PDF

Author : Stephen Knack
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:931673799

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Measuring Corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia by Stephen Knack Pdf

This paper assesses corruption levels and trends among countries in the transition countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA) based on data from several sources that are both widely used and cover most or all countries in the region. Data from firm surveys tend to show improvement in most types of administrative corruption, but little change in "state capture" in the region. Broader, subjective corruption indicators tend to show somewhat greater improvement in ECA than in non-ECA countries on average. A "primer on corruption indicators" discusses definitional and methodological differences among data sources that may account in large part for the apparently conflicting messages they often provide. This discussion concludes that depending on one's purpose, it may be more appropriate to use data from a single source rather than a composite index because of the loss of conceptual precision in aggregation. A second conclusion is that the gains in statistical precision from aggregating sources of corruption data likely are far more modest than often claimed because of interdependence among data sources. The range of detailed corruption measures available in firm surveys are exploited to show that broad, perceptions-based corruption assessments appear to measure primarily administrative corruption, despite their stated criteria placing great weight on "state capture." Finally, the paper emphasizes the need for scaling up data initiatives to fill significant gaps between our conceptual definitions of corruption and the operational definition embodied in the existing measures.

How Corruption and Anti-Corruption Policies Sustain Hybrid Regimes

Oksana Huss
How Corruption and Anti Corruption Policies Sustain Hybrid Regimes Book PDF

Author : Oksana Huss
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2020-10-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783838214306

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How Corruption and Anti-Corruption Policies Sustain Hybrid Regimes by Oksana Huss Pdf

Leaders of hybrid regimes in pursuit of political domination and material gain instrumentalize both hidden forms of corruption and public anti-corruption policies. Corruption is pursued for different purposes including cooperation with strategic partners and exclusion of opponents. Presidents use anti-corruption policies to legitimize and institutionalize political domination. Corrupt practices and anti-corruption policies become two sides of the same coin and are exercised to maintain an uneven political playing field. This study combines empirical analysis and social constructivism for an investigation into the presidencies of Leonid Kuchma (1994–2005), Viktor Yushchenko (2005–2010), and Viktor Yanukovych (2010–2014). Explorative expert interviews, press surveys, content analysis of presidential speeches, as well as critical assessment of anti-corruption legislation are used for comparison and process tracing of the utilization of corruption under three Ukrainian presidents.

Corruption as a Last Resort

Kelly M. McMann
Corruption as a Last Resort Book PDF

Author : Kelly M. McMann
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2015-02-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780801454905

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Corruption as a Last Resort by Kelly M. McMann Pdf

Why do ordinary people engage in corruption? Kelly M. McMann contends that bureaucrats, poverty, and culture do not force individuals in Central Asia to pay bribes, use connections, or sell political support. Rather, corruption is a last resort when relatives, groups in society, the market, and formal government programs cannot provide essential goods and services. Using evidence from her long-term research in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, McMann shows that Islamic institutions, secular charities, entrepreneurs, and banks cannot provide the jobs and credit people need. This drives individuals to illicitly seek employment and loans from government officials.A leading cause of this resource scarcity is market reform, as demonstrated by McMann's analysis of these countries as well as of Uzbekistan and global data. Market reform without supporting institutions, such as credit registries and antimonopoly measures, limits the resources available from the market and societal groups. McMann finds that in these circumstances only those individuals who have affluent relatives have an alternative to corruption.By focusing on ordinary people, McMann offers a new understanding of corruption. Previously, our knowledge was largely restricted to government officials' role in illicit exchanges. From her novel approach comes a useful policy insight: supplying ordinary people with alternatives to corruption is a fundamental and important anticorruption strategy.

Wealth, Income Inequalities, and Demography

Luigi Paganetto
Wealth Income Inequalities and Demography Book PDF

Author : Luigi Paganetto
Publisher : Springer
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-09-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319059099

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Wealth, Income Inequalities, and Demography by Luigi Paganetto Pdf

In this book, leading experts take a long-term view of the trends and policies of most relevance in achieving the structural readjustment required by the current crisis, which for too long has been viewed merely as an economic recession. A wide variety of issues are addressed, including the implications of the massive movement of wealth from advanced countries to emerging ones and the increasing income inequality evident within many countries. Prospects for growth toward the mid-century and beyond are discussed, with consideration of lessons from the past and the impact of various constraints, including corruption. The policies and reforms required to restore economic dynamism within the EU and more generally, to foster the “Good Economy” are discussed, recognizing the need for measures to promote innovation, entrepreneurship, well-being and high levels of environmental performance. The book comprises a selection of contributions presented at the XXV Villa Mondragone International Economic Seminar. For the past quarter of a century, this seminar has brought together leading experts to engage in debates on pressing economic questions. This book, based on the most recent gathering, will be of interest to all who are concerned about the challenges to growth, well-being and social inclusion that will have to be confronted in the coming decades.

Peculiar Dynamics Of Corruption: Religion, Gender, Eu Membership, And Others

Gokcekus Omer,Bengyak Kevin
Peculiar Dynamics Of Corruption Religion Gender Eu Membership And Others Book PDF

Author : Gokcekus Omer,Bengyak Kevin
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2014-10-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789814556996

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Peculiar Dynamics Of Corruption: Religion, Gender, Eu Membership, And Others by Gokcekus Omer,Bengyak Kevin Pdf

Drawing from theories in economics, sociology, and psychology, Peculiar Dynamics of Corruption examines how gender, religion, culture, and history affect corruption. It asks and answers many questions such as, does employing more women than men reduce corruption in public sector organizations? How does a country's religious landscape a hundred years ago affect corruption today? Is corruption higher in recessions or times of economic growth? The answers to these questions are surprising: group dynamics may matter more than gender, a history of Protestantism has lasting effects on a country, and corruption is cyclical, but not in a way, most would assume. Corruption is not motivated purely by financial gain and by offering simple explanations of these unexpected causes. This book broadens our understanding of this global issue.

The Kyrgyz Republic

Asian Development Bank
The Kyrgyz Republic Book PDF

Author : Asian Development Bank
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2014-12-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789292548261

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The Kyrgyz Republic by Asian Development Bank Pdf

The Kyrgyz Republic, among the poorest countries in Central Asia, has also been among the most open to economic reform. The country has experienced significant political and social instability since independence in 1991. In 2010, the country adopted a new constitution and became a parliamentary democracy. The government has set up an ambitious reform program. Yet, the Kyrgyz Republic faces serious challenges ahead. This publication examines factors constraining investments and inclusive economic growth, identifies gaps between policies and their implementation, and discusses options to overcome them.

Consequences of Corruption at the Sector Level and Implications for Economic Growth and Development

OECD
Consequences of Corruption at the Sector Level and Implications for Economic Growth and Development Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2015-03-25
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264230781

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Consequences of Corruption at the Sector Level and Implications for Economic Growth and Development by OECD Pdf

This report provides an analysis of the impact of a range of corrupt practices on economic growth and development in four key sectors: utilities and infrastructure, extractive industries, health and education.

Tajikistan

Asian Development Bank
Tajikistan Book PDF

Author : Asian Development Bank
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2016-08-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789292575380

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Tajikistan by Asian Development Bank Pdf

Building on robust economic growth since the end of a civil war in 1997, Tajikistan has transformed itself into a service economy driven by consumer spending fueled by strong remittance inflow. Yet the transfer of resources to high value-added sectors has been restrained, and structural change has generated few new jobs. Without sufficient employment opportunities in the services and industrial sectors, agriculture became the fallback for most of the labor force. To continue its economic growth, Tajikistan requires new drivers from a diversified industry sector and a modernized economy through structural transformation and export diversification.

A Quarter Century of Post-Communism Assessed

M. Steven Fish,Graeme Gill,Milenko Petrovic
A Quarter Century of Post Communism Assessed Book PDF

Author : M. Steven Fish,Graeme Gill,Milenko Petrovic
Publisher : Springer
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2017-02-09
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319434377

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A Quarter Century of Post-Communism Assessed by M. Steven Fish,Graeme Gill,Milenko Petrovic Pdf

This edited volume seeks to understand and explain the pattern of varying national and regional success in post-communist political and economic transition across the post-communist world. Despite widespread hopes for the development of vigorous democratic political systems and vibrant market economies, the outcomes of a quarter century of post-communist transition in the countries of the former communist bloc in Eurasia have been widely variant. Some have matched these hopes, including becoming full members of the EU; others have fallen far short, with political and economic systems little changed from the communist era. This collection, with an internationally respected list of contributors, addresses some of the pressing issues in political science and transition studies, ranging from theoretical overviews to the more specific nitty-gritty of contemporary politics.

Handbook of Research on Theory and Practice of Financial Crimes

Rafay, Abdul
Handbook of Research on Theory and Practice of Financial Crimes Book PDF

Author : Rafay, Abdul
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 650 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03-18
Category : True Crime
ISBN : 9781799855699

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Handbook of Research on Theory and Practice of Financial Crimes by Rafay, Abdul Pdf

Black money and financial crime are emerging global phenomena. During the last few decades, corrupt financial practices were increasingly being monitored in many countries around the globe. Among a large number of problems is a lack of general awareness about all these issues among various stakeholders including researchers and practitioners. The Handbook of Research on Theory and Practice of Financial Crimes is a critical scholarly research publication that provides comprehensive research on all aspects of black money and financial crime in individual, organizational, and societal experiences. The book further examines the implications of white-collar crime and practices to enhance forensic audits on financial fraud and the effects on tax enforcement. Featuring a wide range of topics such as ethical leadership, cybercrime, and blockchain, this book is ideal for policymakers, academicians, business professionals, managers, IT specialists, researchers, and students.

The Routledge Companion to Non-Market Strategy

Thomas C. Lawton,Tazeeb S. Rajwani
The Routledge Companion to Non Market Strategy Book PDF

Author : Thomas C. Lawton,Tazeeb S. Rajwani
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2015-04-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317819707

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The Routledge Companion to Non-Market Strategy by Thomas C. Lawton,Tazeeb S. Rajwani Pdf

It is commonplace for today’s transnational enterprises to undertake political risk analysis when choosing foreign markets and creating entry strategies. Despite this, non-market elements of corporate strategy are less well researched than the traditional market-based perspectives. Providing comprehensive and leading edge overviews of current scholarship, this Companion surveys the current state of the field and provides a basis for improving our understanding of the non-market environment, encouraging new insights to improve strategies for enhancing a firm’s performance and legitimacy. With a foreword by David Baron, the international team of contributors includes Jean-Philippe Bonardi, Bennet Zelner, and Jonathan Doh, who combine to create a book that is essential reading for students and researchers in business, management, and politics, including those interested in business regulation, environmental policy, political risk and corporate social responsibility.

The Gender of Informal Politics

Janet Elise Johnson
The Gender of Informal Politics Book PDF

Author : Janet Elise Johnson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319602790

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The Gender of Informal Politics by Janet Elise Johnson Pdf

This book argues that the primary political obstacle holding women back in the twenty-first century is a bait and switch promising but simultaneously undercutting gender equality. Through a comparison of Russia and Iceland, the book shows how this revised form of male dominance came about, how it constrains feminisms, and how activists are beginning to fight back. It argues that while feminist movements have made it harder for most countries to maintain formal rules discriminating against women, economic liberalization strengthened male-dominated elites in informal institutions. These elites offer women prominent roles as policymakers and in non-governmental organizations, but then box them in with little room to represent women’s interests. Activists’ attempts to shame countries for ignoring problems such as violence against women result in new laws, but, lacking the necessary funding and enforcement, violence and inequality intensify. Explaining this paradox is the principal focus for social scientists, policymakers, and activists concerned with gender equality, women's social inclusion, and human rights.