Tropical Peatland Ecosystems

Author : Mitsuru Osaki,Nobuyuki Tsuji
Publisher : Springer
Page : 651 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2015-12-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9784431556817

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Tropical Peatland Ecosystems by Mitsuru Osaki,Nobuyuki Tsuji Pdf

This book is an excellent resource for scientists, political decision makers, and students interested in the impact of peatlands on climate change and ecosystem function, containing a plethora of recent research results such as monitoring-sensing-modeling for carbon–water flux/storage, biodiversity and peatland management in tropical regions. It is estimated that more than 23 million hectares (62 %) of the total global tropical peatland area are located in Southeast Asia, in lowland or coastal areas of East Sumatra, Kalimantan, West Papua, Papua New Guinea, Brunei, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak and Southeast Thailand. Tropical peatland has a vital carbon–water storage function and is host to a huge diversity of plant and animal species. Peatland ecosystems are extremely vulnerable to climate change and the impacts of human activities such as logging, drainage and conversion to agricultural land. In Southeast Asia, severe episodic droughts associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, in combination with over-drainage, forest degradation, and land-use changes, have caused widespread peatland fires and microbial peat oxidation. Indonesia's 20 Mha peatland area is estimated to include about 45–55 GtC of carbon stocks. As a result of land use and development, Indonesia is the third largest emitter of greenhouse gases (2–3 Gtons carbon dioxide equivalent per year), 80 % of which is due to deforestation and peatland loss. Thus, tropical peatlands are key ecosystems in terms of the carbon–water cycle and climate change.

Author : Mitsuru Osaki,Nobuyuki Tsuji,Nazir Foead,Jack Rieley
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 802 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2021-04-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789813346543

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Tropical Peatland Eco-management by Mitsuru Osaki,Nobuyuki Tsuji,Nazir Foead,Jack Rieley Pdf

In this "Tropical Peatland Eco-management" book, eco-management is new terminology as an abbreviation of "ecology-based management for natural capital enhancement". Key concept on this eco-management is derived from previous book: "Tropical Peatland Ecosystem"(Springer, 2015, eds. by M. Osaki and N. Tsuji). Based on this new concept, this book thoroughly examines tropical peatland eco-management for scientists, political decision makers, governmental officials, land managers, students, and NGO/NPOs who are interested in 1) what the impact of peatland on climate change and ecosystem function, 2) how the management of disturbed peatland, and 3) drawing global scale restoration mechanisms of peatland and wetland. In tropical peatland, a large amount of GHGs (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) is emitted due to the unappropriate development and inadequate management of peatland. The peatland ecosystems consist of the carbon–water complex, which is affected easily by the impact of human and climate change. Throughout much research of tropical peatland, the problems that result from development of tropical peatland are found to stem mainly from a lack of understanding of the complexities of this ecosystem and the fragility of the relationship between peat and forest and also between carbon and water. In past, almost all peatland development and management system have been generally designed on “water drainage system”. On the contrast of old system, an innovated eco- management is, here, proposed as “water irrigation system”, including water cycling and natural capital enhancement. Through this book readers will learn the advanced peatland eco-management, with more practical methods and procedure based on ecosystem knowledge.

Author : Jack Rieley,Susan Page
Publisher : Earthscan / James & James
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 1849713227

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Tropical Peatlands by Jack Rieley,Susan Page Pdf

Tropical peatlands are found mostly in South East Asia, but also in Africa and in Central and South America. They and peat-swamp forests store large amounts of carbon and their destruction, particularly through the development of plantations for oil palm and other forms of agriculture, releases large quantities of greenhouse gases which contribute to climate change. They are also complex and vulnerable ecosystems, home to great biodiversity and a number of endangered species such as the orang utan.The aim of this book is to introduce this little known but important and vulnerable ecosystem in a way that explains its long standing interaction with the global carbon cycle and how it is being destroyed by deforestation and inappropriate development. The authors describe the origin and formation of peat in the tropics, its current location, extent and amount of carbon stored in it, its biodiversity and natural resource functions and key ecological functions and processes. Appropriate hydrology is the key to the development and maintenance of peatlands and the unique aspects of tropical peatland water supply and management are also explored. In the same vein the nutrient dynamics and budgets of this ecosystem are explained in order to show how complex habitats can be maintained mainly by rainwater containing very low concentrations of essential chemical elements. Past and present impacts on tropical peatlands in SE Asia are discussed and the need for restoration and wise use highlighted. Finally, projections are made about the future of this ecosystem as a result of continuing human impacts and climate change.

Author : Mitsuru Osaki,Nobuyuki Tsuji,Tsuyoshi Kato,Albertus Sulaiman
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2024-01-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789819967902

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Tropical Peatland Eco-evaluation by Mitsuru Osaki,Nobuyuki Tsuji,Tsuyoshi Kato,Albertus Sulaiman Pdf

This book focuses on eco-evaluation system monitoring and sensing, carbon-water modeling, mapping, and disaster prediction. It is the 3rd book on tropical peatland issues, following 1st "Tropical Peatland Ecosystem" and 2nd "Tropical Peatland Eco-management" publications. Tropical peatland is also a wetland, mangrove, and rainforest. With this nature, two major key elements of tropical peatland are water and forest. This book introduces the relationship and interaction among water, oxygen, and nutrients as well as aspects of the forest as the driving force of carbon stock and the carbon cycle. Eco-evaluation system is key to conserving, managing, and restoring tropical peatlands, however comprehensive system for Eco-evaluation in the Tropics is not yet established. This book reviews and proposes Eco-evaluation methods in the Tropics Ecosystem, focusing mainly on the peatland ecosystem and others, covering Social Capital such as Credit, Bonds, National Accounting, etc.

Author : Aletta Bonn,Tim Allott,Martin Evans,Rob Stoneman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 517 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-23
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781107025189

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Peatland Restoration and Ecosystem Services by Aletta Bonn,Tim Allott,Martin Evans,Rob Stoneman Pdf

An interdisciplinary book tackling the challenges of managing peatlands and their ecosystem services in the face of climate change.

Author : Hans Joosten,Donal Clarke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2002-01
Category : Bog ecology
ISBN : 9519774483

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Wise Use of Mires and Peatlands by Hans Joosten,Donal Clarke Pdf

Author : Mark Cochrane
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 696 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2010-04-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540773818

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Tropical Fire Ecology by Mark Cochrane Pdf

The tropics are home to most of the world’s biodiversity and are currently the frontier for human settlement. Tropical ecosystems are being converted to agricultural and other land uses at unprecedented rates. Land conversion and maintenance almost always rely on fire and, because of this, fire is now more prevalent in the tropics than anywhere else on Earth. Despite pervasive fire, human settlement and threatened biodiversity, there is little comprehensive information available on fire and its effects in tropical ecosystems. Tropical deforestation, especially in rainforests, has been widely documented for many years. Forests are cut down and allowed to dry before being burned to remove biomass and release nutrients to grow crops. However, fires do not always stop at the borders of cleared forests. Tremendously damaging fires are increasingly spreading into forests that were never evolutionarily prepared for wild fires. The largest fires on the planet in recent decades have occurred in tropical forests and burned millions of hectares in several countries. The numerous ecosystems of the tropics have differing levels of fire resistance, resilience or dependence. At present, there is little appreciation of the seriousness of the wild fire situation in tropical rainforests but there is even less understanding of the role that fire plays in the ecology of many fire adapted tropical ecosystems, such as savannas, grasslands and other forest types.

Author : Sigit D Sasmito,Pierre Taillardat,Jessica Clendenning,Daniel A Friess,Daniel Murdiyarso,Lindsay B Hutley
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2016-09-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Carbon stocks and fluxes associated with land-use and land-cover change in mangrove ecosystems: A systematic review protocol by Sigit D Sasmito,Pierre Taillardat,Jessica Clendenning,Daniel A Friess,Daniel Murdiyarso,Lindsay B Hutley Pdf

Coastal mangrove forests are known as one of the most productive ecosystems and efficient carbon (C) sinks on the planet. Mangroves store a substantial amount of organic C in below-ground sediment, which is known as “blue carbon (C)”. As anthropogenic factors have caused greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and sea levels to increase, mangrove blue C has become a part of global climate change negotiations due to its potential for storing C and mitigating GHG emissions. However, these coastal forests are also currently under threat from major land-use and land-cover changes (LULCC) for aquaculture and agriculture, resulting in large amounts of deforested and degraded mangrove areas globally. Little is known about the range of impacts different LULCC have upon mangrove C dynamics (e.g. C storage, emission and sequestration). This systematic review protocol outlines the methodology to identify and quantify the impacts of LULCC upon the C dynamics of global mangrove forests. The forthcoming review will assess the magnitude of LULCC on natural and impacted mangroves and identify where research gaps remain on mangrove C dynamics

Author : Edward Struzik
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2021-10-12
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781642830804

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Swamplands by Edward Struzik Pdf

In a world filled with breathtaking beauty, we have often overlooked the elusive magic of certain landscapes. A cloudy river flows into an Arctic wetland where sandhill cranes and muskoxen dwell. Further south, cypress branches hang low over dismal swamps. Places like these-collectively known as swamplands or peatlands-often go unnoticed for their ecological splendor. They are as globally significant as rainforests, yet, because of their reputation as wastelands, they are being systematically drained and degraded. Swamplands celebrates these wild places, as journalist Edward Struzik highlights the unappreciated struggle to save peatlands by scientists, conservationists, and landowners around the world. An ode to peaty landscapes in all their offbeat glory, the book is also a demand for awareness of the myriad threats they face. It inspires us to see the beauty and importance in these least likely of places­. Our planet's survival might depend on it.

Author : Kosuke Mizuno,Motoko S. Fujita,Shuichi Kawai
Publisher : NUS Press
Page : 510 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2016-02-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789814722094

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Catastrophe and Regeneration in Indonesia’s Peatlands by Kosuke Mizuno,Motoko S. Fujita,Shuichi Kawai Pdf

The serious degradation of the vast peatlands of Indonesia since the 1990s is the proximate cause of the haze that endangers public health in Indonesian Sumatra and Borneo, and also in neighbouring Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand. Moreover peatlands that have been drained and cleared for plantations are a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. This new book explains the degradation of peat soils and outlines a potential course of action to deal with the catastrophe looming over the region. Concerted action will be required to reduce peatland fires, and a successful policy needs to enhance social welfare and economic survival, support natural conservation and provide a return on investment if there is to be a sustainable society in the peatlands. This book argues that regeneration is possible through a new policy of people’s forestry that includes reforestation and rewetting peat soils. The data come from a major long-term research effort—the humanosphere project—that coordinates work done by researchers from the physical, natural and human or social sciences.

Author : R.K. Wieder,D.H. Vitt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2006-10-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540319139

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Boreal Peatland Ecosystems by R.K. Wieder,D.H. Vitt Pdf

This is the first truly ecosystem-oriented book on peatlands. It adopts an ecosystems approach to understanding the world's boreal peatlands. The focus is on biogeochemical patterns and processes, production, decomposition, and peat accumulation, and it provides additional information on animal and fungal diversity. A recurring theme is the legacy of boreal peatlands as impressive accumulators of carbon as peat over millennia.

Author : I.P. Martini,A. Martinez Cortizas,W. Chesworth
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 606 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2007-03-28
Category : Law
ISBN : 0080468055

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Peatlands by I.P. Martini,A. Martinez Cortizas,W. Chesworth Pdf

'In the past two decades there has been considerable work on global climatic change and its effect on the ecosphere, as well as on local and global environmental changes triggered by human activities. From the tropics to the Arctic, peatlands have developed under various geological conditions, and they provide good records of global and local changes since the Late Pleistocene. The objectives of the book are to analyze topics such as geological evolution of major peatlands basins; peatlands as self sustaining ecosystems; chemical environment of peatlands: water and peat chemistry; peatlands as archives of environmental changes; influence of peatlands on atmosphere: circular complex interactions; remote sensing studies of peatlands; peatlands as a resource; peatlands degradation, restoration, plus more.' * Presents an interdisciplinary approach, with an emphasis on Earth Science, and addresses the need for intergration between subdisciplines and the developing of new approaches * Synthesizes the evolutionary, ecological, and chemical characteristics of major peatlands, as well as focuses on the environmental changes, from climate changes to surface ares changes due to human activities * Covers topical studies of worldwide interest and provides examples from many different countries

Author : C. Max Finlayson,G. Randy Milton,R. Crawford Prentice,Nick C. Davidson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2018-06-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 940074000X

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The Wetland Book by C. Max Finlayson,G. Randy Milton,R. Crawford Prentice,Nick C. Davidson Pdf

The Wetland Book is a comprehensive resource aimed at supporting the trans- and multidisciplinary research and practice which is inherent to this field. Aware both that wetlands research is on the rise and that researchers and students are often working or learning across several disciplines, The Wetland Book is a readily accessible online and print reference which will be the first port of call on key concepts in wetlands science and management. This easy-to-follow reference will allow multidisciplinary teams and transdisciplinary individuals to look up terms, access further details, read overviews on key issues and navigate to key articles selected by experts.

Author : Maria Angeles Munoz,Raúl Zornoza
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128121290

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Soil Management and Climate Change by Maria Angeles Munoz,Raúl Zornoza Pdf

Soil Management and Climate Change: Effects on Organic Carbon, Nitrogen Dynamics, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions provides a state of the art overview of recent findings and future research challenges regarding physical, chemical and biological processes controlling soil carbon, nitrogen dynamic and greenhouse gas emissions from soils. This book is for students and academics in soil science and environmental science, land managers, public administrators and legislators, and will increase understanding of organic matter preservation in soil and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. Given the central role soil plays on the global carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles and its impact on greenhouse gas emissions, there is an urgent need to increase our common understanding about sources, mechanisms and processes that regulate organic matter mineralization and stabilization, and to identify those management practices and processes which mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, helping increase organic matter stabilization with suitable supplies of available N. Provides the latest findings about soil organic matter stabilization and greenhouse gas emissions Covers the effect of practices and management on soil organic matter stabilization Includes information for readers to select the most suitable management practices to increase soil organic matter stabilization

Author : David Gower,Kenneth Johnson,James Richardson,Brian Rosen,Lukas Rüber,Suzanne Williams
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 499 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-07-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139536226

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Biotic Evolution and Environmental Change in Southeast Asia by David Gower,Kenneth Johnson,James Richardson,Brian Rosen,Lukas Rüber,Suzanne Williams Pdf

The flora and fauna of Southeast Asia are exceptionally diverse. The region includes several terrestrial biodiversity hotspots and is the principal global hotspot for marine diversity, but it also faces the most intense challenges of the current global biodiversity crisis. Providing reviews, syntheses and results of the latest research into Southeast Asian earth and organismal history, this book investigates the history, present and future of the fauna and flora of this bio- and geodiverse region. Leading authorities in the field explore key topics including palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, biogeography, population genetics and conservation biology, illustrating research approaches and themes with spatially, taxonomically and methodologically focused case studies. The volume also presents methodological advances in population genetics and historical biogeography. Exploring the fascinating environmental and biotic histories of Southeast Asia, this is an ideal resource for graduate students and researchers as well as environmental NGOs.