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TROUT 2013 - Simulating VHS Outbreaks by Siri Løtvedt,Jørgen M. Westergaard Pdf
Fish diseases are a major concern for aquaculture where fish are commercially reared. In the Nordic-Baltic countries aquaculture is currently taking place in freshwater fish farms and in marine fish farms. A range of viral diseases can cause devastating losses to fish rearing and wild fish stocks. Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) – also known as “Egtved disease” - is a viral fish disease which affects a large number of freshwater and marine fish. The rainbow trout is very susceptible to the disease. This report provides information on the preparatory work and the conduct a simulation exercise code-named “TROUT 2013”. The aim of the exercise was to test National VHS Contingency Plans.
TROUT 2013 - simulating VHS outbreaks by Løtvedt, Siri,Westergaard, Jørgen M. Pdf
Fish diseases are a major concern for aquaculture where fish are commercially reared. In the Nordic-Baltic countries aquaculture is currently taking place in freshwater fish farms and in marine fish farms. A range of viral diseases can cause devastating losses to fish rearing and wild fish stocks. Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) – also known as “Egtved disease” - is a viral fish disease which affects a large number of freshwater and marine fish. The rainbow trout is very susceptible to the disease. This report provides information on the preparatory work and the conduct a simulation exercise code-named “TROUT 2013”. The aim of the exercise was to test National VHS Contingency Plans.
Siri M. Løtvedt,Edvīns Oļševskis,Jørgen M. Westergaard,Anna Huda
Author : Siri M. Løtvedt,Edvīns Oļševskis,Jørgen M. Westergaard,Anna Huda Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers Page : 40 pages File Size : 52,8 Mb Release : 2019-03-19 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9789289360777
Veterinary Contingency Planning by Siri M. Løtvedt,Edvīns Oļševskis,Jørgen M. Westergaard,Anna Huda Pdf
Veterinary contingency planning in the Nordic-Baltic countries aims to prepare national veterinary administrations and stakeholders to respond speedily and effectively to an emergency situation caused by highly contagious trans-boundary viral diseases such as avian influenza, foot and mouth disease, and African swine fever. Diseases having a disastrous impact on the livelihood of people working in the livestock sector and related industries.The Nordic and Baltic countries have by and large adopted very similar guidelines for the development of animal health contingency plans; guidelines based on the four pillars: disease prevention, preparatory arrangements, response and recovery.This report contains information on the conduct of a Nordic-Baltic seminar and the recommendations adopted by the seminar participants; the seminar had focus on vaccination, animal welfare, wildlife and costs.
Animal Health Contingency Planning by Anna Huda,Jørgen Westergaard Pdf
Contingency planning in the area of animal health is all about preparing for threats and outbreaks of exotic disease, i.e. a disease not present in the country. The objective of contingency planning is to encourage livestock keepers, producers and manufacturers of food and feed, veterinarians in the private and public sector and relevant governmental institutions to think about major contingencies and possible response. The planning involves the development of contingency plans based on the four pillars: prevention, preparation, response and recovery and the conduct of simulation exercises.This report presents an overview of contingency planning related to animal diseases, preparedness for natural disasters, experiences gained from outbreaks of African swine fever in Baltic and Eastern European countries and contains the Memorandum of Understanding on a Nordic-Baltic Animal Health Emergency Reserve and on Nordic- Baltic Veterinary Contingency Planning Studies.
Nordic Veterinary Contingency Planning by Anna Huda,Jørgen M. Westergaard Pdf
Nordic Veterinary Contingency Planning Contingency planning within the area of animal health is based on four pillars: prevention, preparation, response and recovery. The objectives include to encourage animal keepers, veterinarians, producers of food and feed, consumers, private and public institutions involved in food safety to address in the daily work animal disease prevention and possible response related to disease threats and outbreaks. In 2006, the Nordic Council of Ministers (NCM) adopted a strategy plan to enhance veterinary contingency planning in the Nordic and Baltic countries resulting in the creation of the Nordic-Baltic Veterinary Contingency Group. This publication provides information on contingency planning based on the conduct of seminars, workshops and simulation exercises during 2007 – 2011, not previously available to readers of publications issued by NCM.
Biosecurity and livestock production by Lindahl, Elisabet,Westergaard, Jørgen M. Pdf
Biosecurity is important for a healthy livestock production; it may be defined as the prevention of disease causing agents entering or leaving any place where livestock including poultry are present. A number of biosecurity measures are available to minimize the risk of introducing and of spreading diseases of which some are zoonotic; i.e. diseases transmissible between animals and humans. This report provides information on biosecurity measures safeguarding animal health and animal welfare and it highlights topics such as barriers and motivation to biosecurity, training and education, value of partnership and economy. Broadly speaking biosecurity describes the process and objective of managing biological risks associated with food and feed production in agriculture and fisheries.
Genomics in Aquaculture to Better Understand Species Biology and Accelerate Genetic Progress by José Manuel Yáñez,Ross Houston,Scott Newman Pdf
From a global perspective aquaculture is an activity related to food production with large potential for growth. Considering a continuously growing population, the efficiency and sustainability of this activity will be crucial to meet the needs of protein for human consumption in the near future. However, for continuous enhancement of the culture of both fish and shellfish there are still challenges to overcome, mostly related to the biology of the cultured species and their interaction with (increasingly changing) environmental factors. Examples of these challenges include early sexual maturation, feed meal replacement, immune response to infectious diseases and parasites, and temperature and salinity tolerance. Moreover, it is estimated that less than 10% of the total aquaculture production in the world is based on populations genetically improved by means of artificial selection. Thus, there is considerable room for implementing breeding schemes aimed at improving productive traits having significant economic impact. By far the most economically relevant trait is growth rate, which can be efficiently improved by conventional genetic selection (i.e. based on breeding values of selection candidates). However, there are other important traits that cannot be measured directly on selection candidates, such as resistance against infectious and parasitic agents and carcass quality traits (e.g. fillet yield and meat color). However, these traits can be more efficiently improved using molecular tools to assist breeding programs by means of marker-assisted selection, using a few markers explaining a high proportion of the trait variation, or genomic selection, using thousands of markers to estimate genomic breeding values. The development and implementation of new technologies applied to molecular biology and genomics, such as next-generation sequencing methods and high-throughput genotyping platforms, are allowing the rapid increase of availability of genomic resources in aquaculture species. These resources will provide powerful tools to the research community and will aid in the determination of the genetic factors involved in several biological aspects of aquaculture species. In this regard, it is important to establish discussion in terms of which strategies will be more efficient to solve the primary challenges that are affecting aquaculture systems around the world. The main objective of this Research Topic is to provide a forum to communicate recent research and implementation strategies in the use of genomics in aquaculture species with emphasis on (1) a better understanding of fish and shellfish biological processes having considerable impact on aquaculture systems; and (2) the efficient incorporation of molecular information into breeding programs to accelerate genetic progress of economically relevant traits.
Viruses of Lower Vertebrates by Winfried Ahne,Edouard Kurstak Pdf
Attention to viral infections and pathology previously focussed on diseases of economically important fish. In recent years, however, much new information on molecular virology and oncogenicity derives from viruses occurring in amphibians. New insights into the field of zoonosis were gained by studies of lower vertebrates serving as intermediate hosts in multiple human infections. Certain viruses, e.g. the influenza virus or calicivirus, seem capable of bridging species lines and even the land - sea interface. Global developments in aquaculture are indicated in influenza pandemics. These proceedings present research findings on viruses of fish, amphibians and reptiles, including defence mechanisms, zoonoses, evolutionary considerations and diagnostic approaches.
Aquaculture Biosecurity by A. David Scarfe,Cheng-Sheng Lee,Patricia J. O'Bryen Pdf
Published in Cooperation with THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY Aquaculture loses millions of dollars in revenue annually due to aquatic animal diseases. Disease outbreaks continue to threaten profitable and viable aquaculture operations throughout the world. As a result, aquaculture biosecurity programs that address aquatic animal pathogens and diseases have become an important focus for the aquaculture industry. Aquaculture Biosecurity: Prevention, Control, and Eradication of Aquatic Animal Disease provides valuable information that will increase success in combating infectious aquatic disease. Key representatives of international, regional, and national organizations presented their views on this important issue as part of a special session at the 2004 World Aquaculture Society Annual Conference. The chapters of this book cover a wealth of experience from the varied perspectives of these experts on biosecurity, policies, and measures to take the offensive against the spread of diseases in aquatic animals. With contributions from renowned international experts, covering approaches to biosecurity policies and measures currently practiced, Aquaculture Biosecurity: Prevention, Control, and Eradication of Aquatic Animal Disease is a vital reference for all those concerned about protecting aquaculture from impacts of aquatic animal disease.
Aquaculture Virology by Frederick S. B. Kibenge,Marcos Godoy Pdf
To date textbooks on viruses infecting fish, crustaceans and molluscs, the three main aquatic animal farmed groups, have been on the whole “diseases-centric and individual viral diseases selected based on “epizoo-centric approaches with little to no coverage of the basic biology of the viruses, in contrast to textbooks on viruses infecting terrestrial - farmed, pet, and free-range (wild) - animals and humans. Despite considerable advances in animal virology in recent years coupled with an economically important global aquaculture industry, knowledge of viruses of animal aquaculture is still sparse and in some cases outdated although these viruses are closely related to well-known virus families. The last book in fish virology (Fish viruses and fish viral diseases 1988, Wolf, K.) was published in the 1980s. A lot of work has been done on fish viruses and many new aquatic animal viruses continue to be discovered. Aquaculture Virology provides the current state of knowledge of aquatic animal viruses within the current virus classification and taxonomic context thereby allowing the reader to draw on the principles of general virology. This book is a systematic and concise resource useful to anyone involved with or looking to move into aquaculture and fisheries. Clinical veterinarians, aquaculture disease practitioners, biologists, farmers, and all those in industry, government or academia who are interested in aquatic animal virology will find this book extremely useful. Provides unique comprehensive information on animal viruses for aquaculture and fisheries Presents high quality illustrations of viral structure, diagrams of viral disease processes, gross pathology and histopathology lesions, and summary tables to aid in understanding Describes aquatic animal viruses of the three major aquatic animals, fish, crustaceans, and molluscs, within the current virus classification and taxonomic context thereby allowing the reader to draw on the principles of general virology
This important book draws together, for the first time, a vastwealth of information on all major aspects of the farming of Arcticcharr, a highly prized and commercially valuable salmonid. Theauthor, Gavin Johnston who has many years' experience of farmingArctic charr, teaching about and researching the species, hasproduced a book that is a landmark publication and an essentialpurchase for all those involved with the species. The book is broadly divided into three sections. The firstsection covers Arctic charr interactions with humans and thecharr's biological requirements for culture. Section two is apractical guide to the art and science of early-rearing Arcticcharr; a hands on application of current knowledge in Arctic charraquaculture. The final section of the book focuses on thecommercial production of Arctic charr, providing cutting-edgeinformation for all those involved in the exploitation of thisvaluable species. Arctic Charr Aquaculture is an essential purchase foranyone involved in, or considering involvement in farming of thisspecies. Farm managers and other personnel in fish farms andexperimental aquaculture units, fish and aquatic biologists willfind a huge amount of useful data in this book. Libraries in alluniversity departments and research establishments whereaquaculture, fisheries and fish biology are studies and taughtshould have copies of this book on their shelves. This book bringstogether for the first time the knowledge needed to farm and marketArctic Charr. Part One is an overview of Arctic Charr aquaculturebeginning with the history and development of Charr aquaculture,the biological attributes of Arctic Charr, the physicalrequirements for growth and commercial production requirements.Other chapters are devoted to Charr health, nutrition and feeding.Part Two is a practical guide for the producer operating an ArcticCharr farm either as a vertically integrated operation or asdiscrete hatcheries and grow out farms. Part Three is devoted tothe business of commercially producing Arctic Charr, and althoughit deals specifically with Charr it also covers many businessaspects of farming relevant to any fish species under cold watercultivation. It covers farm business management, the economics andfinance of Arctic Charr farming, marketing Charr products and aclosing section on how to avoid the pitfalls which others includingthe author have experienced.
Zoonotic Viruses of Northern Eurasia by Dimitry Konstantinovich Lvov,Mikhail Yurievich Shchelkanov,Sergey Vladimirovich Alkhovsky,Petr Grigorievich Deryabin Pdf
Zoonotic Viruses of Northern Eurasia: Taxonomy and Ecology provides a review of modern data of the taxonomy, distribution, and ecology of zoonotic viruses in the ecosystems of Northern Eurasia. With climate changes, increasing population density of arthropod vectors and vertebrate hosts, development of unused lands, transferences of viruses by birds, bats, infected humans, and animals, vectors allow virus populations to adapt to the new environment. This leads to the appearance of emerging or re-emerging infections. This book presents data about circulation and evolution of influenza viruses, tick-borne encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, hantaviruses, Sindbis virus, California encephalitis group viruses and other pathogenic viruses as well as of novel viruses classified for the first time using next-generation sequence. Features summarized data about the circulation of approximately 80 viruses isolated in natural foci of Northern Eurasia Provides descriptions of the main ecosystems of Northern Eurasia in the context of the ecology of viruses with environmental factors Delineates the potential impact of climate change for the distribution of viruses Includes virus taxonomy, ecology, distribution and pathogenicity for humans and animals
Commission of Inquiry into the Decline of Sockeye Salmon in the Fraser River (Canada)
Author : Commission of Inquiry into the Decline of Sockeye Salmon in the Fraser River (Canada) Publisher : Unknown Page : 0 pages File Size : 43,6 Mb Release : 2012 Category : Governmental investigations ISBN : 0660202158
The Uncertain Future of Fraser River Sockeye: Causes of the decline by Commission of Inquiry into the Decline of Sockeye Salmon in the Fraser River (Canada) Pdf
Sturgeons and Paddlefish of North America by G.T.O LeBreton,F. William H. Beamish,Scott R. McKinley Pdf
Modern North American sturgeons and paddlefish are the result of 100 million years of evolution. Once an integral part of aboriginal culture, their numbers were decimated by overfishing and habitat destruction during the past two centuries. This book details the extensive science aimed at helping these remarkable species recover from the brink of extinction, and describes the historical, biological, and ecological importance of North American sturgeon and paddlefish. The text is enhanced by photographs and detailed line drawings. This comprehensive volume will be an invaluable resource for researchers, educators, and consultants, in academic and government settings, who work to further scientific understanding of these fishes. No other single compilation has documented current information in such detail.
For several centuries Cape Town has accommodated a great variety of musical genres which have usually been associated with specific population groups living in and around the city. Musical styles and genres produced in Cape Town have therefore been assigned an "identity" which is first and foremost social. This volume tries to question the relationship established between musical styles and genres, and social - in this case pseudo-racial - identities. In Sounding the Cape, Denis-Constant Martin recomposes and examines through the theoretical prism of creolisation the history of music in Cape Town, deploying analytical tools borrowed from the most recent studies of identity configurations. He demonstrates that musical creation in the Mother City, and in South Africa, has always been nurtured by contacts, exchanges and innovations whatever the efforts made by racist powers to separate and divide people according to their origin. Musicians interviewed at the dawn of the 21st century confirm that mixture and blending characterise all Cape Town's musics. They also emphasise the importance of a rhythmic pattern particular to Cape Town, the ghoema beat, whose origins are obviously mixed. The study of music demonstrates that the history of Cape Town, and of South Africa as a whole, undeniably fostered creole societies. Yet, twenty years after the collapse of apartheid, these societies are still divided along lines that combine economic factors and "racial" categorisations. Martin concludes that, were music given a greater importance in educational and cultural policies, it could contribute to fighting these divisions and promote the notion of a nation that, in spite of the violence of racism and apartheid, has managed to invent a unique common culture.
