Two Centuries Of Local Autonomy

Author : Jürgen Backhaus
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-02-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 146140293X

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Two Centuries of Local Autonomy by Jürgen Backhaus Pdf

One of the last Prussian Reforms during the Napoleonic Era was the constitution of local autonomy for the cities. Proof of its lasting importance is that it was the cities that carried out the deficit-based employment policies of the early 1930s also had to carry the burden of a democratic reconstitution of Germany in the postwar period. After the crushing defeat at Napoleon’s hands, likewise the reconstitution of Prussia fell to the cities. Today, the same constellation of problems can be found on different stages. Europe, as it is growing together, faces a democracy deficit which ultimately will have to be addressed by the cities. The countries in transition and undergoing transformation likewise will have to find arenas for democratic decision making, which likely will be at the municipal level. Finally, the United States of America also faces a quagmire at the federal level which ultimately will have to be resolved at the state or local level. Contributions to this book examine all of these issues, making it of interest to students in urban studies, public administration, history and political science as well as policy-makers concerned with local government and autonomy.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 800 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2016-08-16
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 2370320753

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L'autonomie locale au XXIe siècle by Anonim Pdf

L'autonomie locale au XXIe siècle, Entre tradition et modernisation. Cet ouvrage présente les actes du colloque, organisé à Vilnius par l'Observatoire de l'Autonomie Locale, en partenariat avec le Comité des Communes et des Réglons d'Europe, sur le thème de "l'autonomie locale en Europe ". Son objectif est de faire un état des lieux juridique, politique et managérial de l'organisation des administrations locales en Europe, en vue d'établir une typologie des systèmes d'administration locale. Car il ne sert à rien de comparer concrètement la gestion des services publics locaux et les méthodes de management de ces derniers en Europe si l'on n'a pas une bonne connaissance de l'existant. Faire un état de l'existant consiste à se dégager d'une vision purement statistique et par là même, théorique) du découpage des communes et des réglons européennes pour s'intéresser à l'état actuel des systèmes d'administration locale, à leur évolution à la lumière des nombreuses réformes en cours, tant dans la répartition des compétences entre l'Etat et les collectivités locales que dans la répartition des moyens matériels, humains et financiers (dont fiscaux).

Author : Joshua B. Forrest
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 589 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2021-08-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781538154519

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Local Autonomy as a Human Right by Joshua B. Forrest Pdf

Local Autonomy as a Human Right contends that local communities struggle to preserve their territorial autonomy over time despite changes to the broader political and geographic contexts within which they are embedded. Forrest argues that this both reflects and is evidence of a worldwide embrace of local control as a key political and social value, indeed, of such importance that it should be embraced and codified as a human right. This study weaves together evidence grounded in a variety of disciplines - history, geography, comparative politics, sociology, public policy, anthropology, international jurisprudence, rural studies, urban studies -- to make clear that a presumed, inherent moral right to local self-determination has been manifested in many different historical and social contexts. This book constructs a compelling argument favoring a human right to local autonomy. It identifies practical factors that help to account for the relative success of communities that are able to assert local control over time. Here, particular attention is paid to whether localities are able to generate policy and organizational capacity. Forrest suggests that a focus on local policy and organizational capacity can help to explain why some communities attempting to assert greater local control are more successful than others. Local Autonomy as a Human Right contributes to scholarly debates regarding the varied impacts of globalization, with the place-based perspective and moral emphasis on territorial-centered rights put forth herein offering a necessary counter-narrative to the often-presumed predominance of global forces.

Author : Standing Conference of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe
Publisher : Council of Europe
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9287134340

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Federalism, Regionalism, Local Autonomy and Minorities by Standing Conference of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe Pdf

Author : David Brown,Robert Crowcroft,Gordon Pentland
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2018-03-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780191024276

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The Oxford Handbook of Modern British Political History, 1800-2000 by David Brown,Robert Crowcroft,Gordon Pentland Pdf

The two centuries after 1800 witnessed a series of sweeping changes in the way in which Britain was governed, the duties of the state, and its role in the wider world. Powerful processes - from the development of democracy, the changing nature of the social contract, war, and economic dislocation - have challenged, and at times threatened to overwhelm, both governors and governed. Such shifts have also presented challenges to the historians who have researched and written about Britain's past politics. This Handbook shows the ways in which political historians have responded to these challenges, providing a snapshot of a field which has long been at the forefront of conceptual and methodological innovation within historical studies. It comprises thirty-three thematic essays by leading and emerging scholars in the field. Collectively, these essays assess and rethink the nature of modern British political history itself and suggest avenues and questions for future research. The Oxford Handbook of Modern British Political History thus provides a unique resource for those who wish to understand Britain's political past and a thought-provoking 'long view' for those interested in current political challenges.

Author : Thomas Fleiner-Gerster
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2019-03-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429709999

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Federalism And Decentralization by Thomas Fleiner-Gerster Pdf

This book is an outcome of the round table conference held in 1984 in Switzerland. It deals with decision of decentralization, structure of decentralized units, external power of decentralized unit, financial autonomy and decentralization and the protection of the basic rights.

Author : N.S. Cooray,Sirimal Abeyratne
Publisher : Springer
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811042591

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Decentralization and Development of Sri Lanka Within a Unitary State by N.S. Cooray,Sirimal Abeyratne Pdf

This comprehensive volume provides uniquely diverse insights into various aspects of decentralization and development from both developed and developing countries, with special reference to Sri Lanka. For a quarter century, Sri Lanka was battered by its prolonged civil war, which ended in 2009, but has now achieved relative peace and stability. Having developed rapidly, Sri Lanka offers a classic example for developing countries. There is, however, a strong need, particularly in the context of postwar conflict, to formulate policies for reconciliation, peace building, and development at all levels—local, provincial, and national. Decentralization itself is not a new subject; however, how to devolve power to local administrative levels within a unitary system and how to link the devolved power to make local administrative systems more conducive to development and provide better services for citizens are challenging tasks in many countries. Taking into account the developmental, governance, and conciliatory needs and the sensitivity of central–local relations, this volume critically examines the local government systems in Sri Lanka. It also proposes a viable, effective and autonomous local-level administrative unit based, which draws on experiences from Japan and other countries, and identifies the role and functions of such a unit. The book presents commissioned papers from a three-year research project undertaken by internationally respected experts with financial support by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) under a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research.

Author : Marian O. Boner
Publisher : Ardent Media
Page : 684 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Public welfare
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Social Legislation by Marian O. Boner Pdf

Author : Gerald N. Grob,Howard H Goldman
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2006-11-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780813541334

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The Dilemma of Federal Mental Health Policy by Gerald N. Grob,Howard H Goldman Pdf

Severe and persistent mental illnesses are among the most pressing health and social problems in contemporary America. Recent estimates suggest that more than three million people in the U.S. have disabling mental disorders. The direct and indirect costs of their care exceed 180 billion dollars nationwide each year. Effective treatments and services exist, but many such individuals do not have access to these services because of limitations in mental health and social policies. For nearly two centuries Americans have grappled with the question of how to serve individuals with severe disorders. During the second half of the twentieth century, mental health policy advocates reacted against institutional care, claiming that community care and treatment would improve the lives of people with mental disorders. Once the exclusive province of state governments, the federal government moved into this policy arena after World War II. Policies ranged from those focused on mental disorders, to those that focused more broadly on health and social welfare. In this book, Gerald N. Grob and Howard H. Goldman trace how an ever-changing coalition of mental health experts, patients' rights activists, and politicians envisioned this community-based system of psychiatric services. The authors show how policies shifted emphasis from radical reform to incremental change. Many have benefited from this shift, but many are left without the care they require.

Author : Susan Dodd,Neil G. Robertson
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-02-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781442660670

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Hegel and Canada by Susan Dodd,Neil G. Robertson Pdf

Hegel has had a remarkable, yet largely unremarked, role in Canada's intellectual development. In the last half of the twentieth-century, as Canada was coming to define itself in the wake of World War Two, some of Canada’s most thoughtful scholars turned to the work of G.W.F. Hegel for insight. Hegel and Canada is a collection of essays that analyses the real, but under-recognized, role Hegel has played in the intellectual and political development of Canada. The volume focuses on the generation of Canadian scholars who emerged after World War Two: James Doull, Emil Fackenheim, George Grant, Henry S. Harris, and Charles Taylor. These thinkers offer a uniquely Canadian view of Hegel's writings, and, correspondingly, of possible relations between situated community and rational law. Hegel provided a unique intellectual resource for thinking through the complex and opposing aspects that characterize Canada. The volume brings together key scholars from each of these five schools of Canadian Hegel studies and provides a richly nuanced account of the intellectually significant connection of Hegel and Canada.

Author : David MacGregor
Publisher : University of Wales Press
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2014-06-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781783160730

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Hegel and Marx by David MacGregor Pdf

The Second Edition of Hegel and Marx After the Fall of Communism surveys Hegel’s close connection with world-famed economist Friedrich List, the declared enemy of Karl Marx. Illuminating the mysterious nature of Hegel’s relationship with Marx and Friedrich List may help us to comprehend the extraordinary geopolitical transformations that have occurred in the last 15 years since the original publication in 1998. The Afterword to this Edition looks at Russia’s revival as a world power under Vladimir Putin, and China’s ambitious economic development efforts that bring to mind Sun Yat-sen’s vision of The International Development of China.

Author : Carl J. Griffin,Roy Jones,Iain J. M. Robertson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-03-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9783030061128

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Moral Ecologies by Carl J. Griffin,Roy Jones,Iain J. M. Robertson Pdf

This book offers the first systematic study of how elite conservation schemes and policies define once customary and vernacular forms of managing common resources as banditry—and how the ‘bandits’ fight back. Drawing inspiration from Karl Jacoby’s seminal Crimes against Nature, this book takes Jacoby’s moral ecology and extends the concept beyond the founding of American national parks. From eighteenth-century Europe, through settler colonialism in Africa, Australia and the Americas, to postcolonial Asia and Australia, Moral Ecologies takes a global stance and a deep temporal perspective, examining how the language and practices of conservation often dispossess Indigenous peoples and settlers, and how those groups resist in everyday ways. Drawing together archaeologists, anthropologists, geographers and historians, this is a methodologically diverse and conceptually innovative study that will appeal to anyone interested in the politics of conservation, protest and environmental history.

Author : Paul Cartledge,Antony Spawforth
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-09-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000159042

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Hellenistic and Roman Sparta by Paul Cartledge,Antony Spawforth Pdf

In this new edition, Paul Cartledge and Antony Spawforth have taken account of recent finds and scholarship to revise and update their authoritative overview of later Spartan history, and of the social, political, economic and cultural changes in the Spartan community. This original and compelling account is especially significant in challenging the conventional misperception of Spartan 'decline' after the loss of her status as a great power on the battlefield in 371 BC. The book's focus on a frequently overlooked period makes it important not only for those interested specifically in Sparta, but also for all those concerned with Hellenistic Greece, and with the life of Greece and other Greek-speaking provinces under non-Roman rule.

Author : J. B. E. Hittle
Publisher : Potomac Books, Inc.
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2011-10-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781597975353

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Michael Collins and the Anglo-Irish War by J. B. E. Hittle Pdf

As leader of the Irish Republican Brotherhood and then the Irish Republican Army (IRA), Michael Collins developed a bold, new strategy to use against the British administration of Ireland in the early twentieth century. His goal was to attack its well-established system of spies and informers, wear down British forces with a sustained guerrilla campaign, and force a political settlement that would lead to a free Irish Republic. Michael Collins and the Anglo-Irish War reveals that the success of the Irish insurgency was not just a measure of Collins’s revolutionary genius, as has often been claimed. British miscalculations, overconfidence, and a failure to mount a sustained professional intelligence effort to neutralize the IRA contributed to Britain’s defeat. Although Britain possessed the world’s most professional secret service, the British intelligence community underwent a politically driven and ill-advised reorganization in early 1919, at the very moment that Collins and the IRA were going on the offensive. Once Collins neutralized the local colonial spy service, the British had no choice but to import professional secret service agents. But Britain’s wholesale reorganization of its domestic counterintelligence capability sidelined its most effective countersubversive agency, MI5, leaving the job of intelligence management in Ireland to Special Branch civilians and a contingent of quickly trained army case officers, neither group being equipped—or inclined—to mount a coordinated intelligence effort against the insurgents. Britain’s appointment of a national intelligence director for home affairs in 1919—just as the Irish revolutionary parliament published its Declaration of Independence—was the decisive factor leading to Britain’s disarray against the IRA. By the time the War Office reorganized its intelligence effort against Collins in mid-1920, it was too late to reverse the ascendancy of the IRA. Michael Collins and the Anglo-Irish War takes a fresh approach to the subject, presenting it as a case study in intelligence management under conditions of a broader counterinsurgency campaign. The lessons learned from this disastrous episode have stark relevance for contemporary national security managers and warfighters currently engaged in the war on terrorism.

Author : Arash Khazeni
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2014-05-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520282551

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Sky Blue Stone by Arash Khazeni Pdf

This book traces the journeys of a stone across the world. From its remote point of origin in the city of Nishapur in eastern Iran, turquoise was traded through India, Central Asia, and the Near East, becoming an object of imperial exchange between the Safavid, Mughal, and Ottoman empires. Along this trail unfolds the story of turquoise--a phosphate of aluminum and copper formed in rocks below the surface of the earth--and its discovery and export as a global commodity. In the material culture and imperial regalia of early modern Islamic tributary empires moving from the steppe to the sown, turquoise was a sacred stone and a potent symbol of power projected in vivid color displays. From the empires of Islamic Eurasia, the turquoise trade reached Europe, where the stone was collected as an exotic object from the East. The Eurasian trade lasted into the nineteenth century, when the oldest mines in Iran collapsed and lost Aztec mines in the Americas reopened, unearthing more accessible sources of the stone to rival the Persian blue. Sky Blue Stone recounts the origins, trade, and circulation of a natural object in the context of the history of Islamic Eurasia and global encounters between empire and nature.