U S Government Anti Narcotics Activities In The Andean Region Of South America
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U.S. Government Anti-narcotics Activities in the Andean Region of South America by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations Pdf
United States Government Anti-narcotics Activities in the Andean Region of South America. Report Made by the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate. February 6 (legislative Day, January 23), 1990. -- Ordered to be Printed by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs Pdf
U.S. Government Anti-narcotics Activities in the Andean Region of South America by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations Pdf
Author : Charles Call,Washington Office on Latin America Publisher : Office Page : 172 pages File Size : 52,7 Mb Release : 1991 Category : History ISBN : UTEXAS:059173000601050
United States Anti-narcotics Activities in the Andean Region. Thirty-eighth Report by the Committee on Government Operations Together with Separate Views. November 30, 1990. -- Ordered to be Printed by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations Pdf
Drugs and Democracy in Latin America by Coletta Youngers,Eileen Rosin Pdf
While the U.S. has failed to reduce the supply of cocaine and heroin entering its borders, it has, however, succeeded in generating widespread, often profoundly damaging, consequences on democracy and human rights in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Counternarcotics Assistance by Charles Michael Johnson, Jr.,Juan Gobel,Claude Adrien,Joshua Akery,Cristina Ruggiero Pdf
No single U.S. counternarcotics strategy exists for the Andean region. In each countryBolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuelathe U.S. embassys mission strategic resource plan, developed in consultation with the countrys government, guides counternarcotics assistance provided by U.S. agencies. Department of State (State) officials told GAO that these plans incorporate high- level guidance from the Office of National Drug Control Policys (ONDCP) annual National Drug Control Strategy. In fiscal years 2006 through 2011, estimated allotments for counternarcotics assistance to the Andean countries by U.S. agenciesState, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), the Department of Defense (DOD), and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)totaled about $5.2 billion. Total allotments declined for each country during this time period. State, USAID, and DEA reported meeting or exceeding most annual targets for key measures of their counternarcotics activities in the Andean countries since 2007. For instance, State reported assisting in the eradication of illicit crops, USAID reported promoting alternative development, and DEA reported disrupting drug trafficking organizations. In addition, State, USAID, and DEA complied with an ONDCP requirement that each agencys Inspector General (IG) attest to the reliability of annual performance summary reports before submitting the reports to ONDCP. DOD reported tracking several performance measures, but DODs IG was unable to attest to the reliability of DODs reporting to ONDCP. As a result, ONDCP lacks assurance of the accuracy of information it receives from DOD and in turn reports to Congress. Why GAO Did This Study Hundreds of metric tons of cocaine flow annually from South America to the United States, threatening the security and well-being of U.S. citizens. South American cocaine production and trafficking is centered in the five countries in the Andean region. State, USAID, DOD, and DEA provide counternarcotics assistance to stem production and trafficking of narcotics in these countries. ONDCP oversees and coordinates this assistance. In this report, GAO (1) describes the U.S. strategic approaches to counter- narcotics assistance in the Andean countries; (2) identifies amounts allotted for such assistance by State, USAID, DOD, and DEA in fiscal years 2006 through 2011; and (3) reviews the agencies reporting on their performance. GAO reviewed agency and U.S. strategy documents, analyzed available agency data, and interviewed agency officials. What GAO Recommends The Secretary of Defense should ensure that DOD submits performance summary reports to ONDCP including the Inspector Generals attestation that the reported information is reliable to facilitate good management and oversight. DOD concurred with this recommendation.
This perceptive book critically explores why the United States continues to pursue failed policies in Latin America. Leading scholars explain how policies intended to promote the rule of law instead generate corruption and institutional crisis, why policies seeking to promote democratization and stabilization instead generate populist authoritarianism and destabilization, and why the war on drugs and the war on terror have neither reduced narcotics trafficking nor increased citizen security in the region. Reviewing official policy and its defenders and critics alike, this indispensable book focuses on the reasons for the failure of U.S. policies and their disastrous significance for both Latin America and the United States.
Latin America and the Multinational Drug Trade by Elizabeth Joyce,Carlos Malamud Pdf
In some Latin American countries, traffickers equipped with vast resources have corrupted individuals in every aspect of public life, compromising the integrity of entire national institutions - the political system and the judiciary, the military, the police, and banking and financial systems. Moreover, Latin America, like Europe and the USA, has a drug consumption problem. Yet, drug control in Latin America is beset with contradictions. For some Latin Americans, illicit drug production in the form of coca cultivation is a traditional way of life, and has often been an economic bulwark against destitution. Attempts to control the drug trade, while absorbing vast resources, have been largely ineffectual and have had dramatic and unintended consequences. This book analyses the profound consequences that the illicit drug trade has for millions of Latin Americans, and what they imply for domestic policy and for international cooperation. Latin America and the Multinational Drug Trade is essential reading for students of Latin America, politics, international relations, security studies, foreign policy, economic development, criminology and law, and for anyone interested in the politics and economics of the global illicit drug trade.
Handbook of Latin American Studies by Dolores Moyano Martin,P. Sue Mundell Pdf
Beginning with volume 41 (1979), the University of Texas Press became the publisher of the Handbook of Latin American Stuides, the most comprehensive annual bibliography in the field. Compiled by the Hispanic Division of the Library of Congress and annotated by a corps of more than 130 specialists in various disciplines, the Handbook alternates from year to year between social sciences and humanities. The Handbook annotates works on Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean and the Guianas, Spanish South America, and Brazil, as well as materials covering Latin America as a whole. Most of the subsections are preceded by introductory essays that serve as biannual evaluations of the literature and research underway in specialized areas. The Handbook of Latin American Studies is the oldest continuing reference work in the field. Dolores Moyano Martin, of the Library of Congress Hispanic Division, has been the editor since 1977, and P. Sue Mundell has been assistant editor since 1994. The subject categories for Volume 55 are as follows: Anthropology (including Archaeology and Ethnology) Economics Electronic Resources for the Social Sciences Geography Government and Politics International Relations Sociology
Drawing on declassified documents and extensive firsthand research, The Politics of Cocaine takes a hard look at the role the United States played in creating the drug industry that thrives in Central and South America. Author William L. Marcy contends that by conflating anti-Communist and counternarcotics policies, the United States helped establish and strengthen the drug trade as the area's economic base. Increased militarization, destabilization of governments, uncontrollable drug trafficking, more violence, and higher death tolls resulted. Marcy explores how the counternarcotics policies of the 1970s collapsed during the 1980s when economic calamity, Andean guerrilla insurgencies, and Reagan's anti-Communist struggle with Nicaragua and Cuba became conflated as part of the War on Drugs. The book then explores how the U.S. invasion of Panama and narcotics related violence throughout Andean region during the 1990s led to the militarization of the War on Drugs as a way to confront narcotics production, narco-traffickers, and narco-guerrillas alike. Marcy brings to the reader up to the end of the George W. Bush administration and explains why to this date the United States remains unable to control the flow of cocaine into the United States and why the War on Drugs appears to be spiraling out of control. The Politics of Cocaine fills in historical gaps and provides a new and controversial analysis of a complex and seemingly unsolvable problem.
United States Support for Counter-narcotics Activities in the Andean Ridge and Neighboring Countries and the Impact of Narcotrafficking on the Stability of the Region by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services Pdf
