Understanding Other Minds

Author : Simon Baron-Cohen,Michael Lombardo,Helen Tager-Flusberg
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2013-08-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780191668791

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Understanding Other Minds by Simon Baron-Cohen,Michael Lombardo,Helen Tager-Flusberg Pdf

This book comprises 26 exciting chapters by internationally renowned scholars, addressing the central psychological process separating humans from other animals: the ability to imagine the thoughts and feelings of others, and to reflect on the contents of our own mindsa theory of mind (ToM). The four sections of the book cover developmental, cultural, and neurobiological approaches to ToM across different populations and species. The chapters explore the earliest stages of development of ToM in infancy, and how plastic ToM learning is; why 3-year-olds typically fail false belief tasks and how ToM continues to develop beyond childhood into adulthood; the debate between simulation theory and theory theory; cross-cultural perspectives on ToM and how ToM develops differently in deaf children; how we use our ToM when we make moral judgments, and the link between emotional intelligence and ToM; the neural basis of ToM measured by evoked response potentials, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and studies of brain damage; emotional vs. cognitive empathy in neuropsychiatric conditions such as autism, schizophrenia, and psychopathy; the concept of self in autism and teaching methods targeting ToM deficits; the relationship between empathy, the pain matrix and the mirror neuron system; the role of oxytocin and fetal testosterone in mentalizing and empathy; the heritability of empathy and candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with empathy; and ToM in non-human primates. These 26 chapters represent a masterly overview of a field that has deepened since the first edition was published in 1993.

Author : Anita Avramides,Matthew Parrott
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2019-09-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192513236

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Knowing Other Minds by Anita Avramides,Matthew Parrott Pdf

We all take it for granted that we are typically in a position to know about the thoughts and feelings of other people. But we might naturally wonder how we acquire this kind of knowledge. Knowing Other Minds brings together ten original chapters, written by internationally renowned researchers, on questions that arise from our everyday social interaction with others. Can we have direct perceptual knowledge of another person's thoughts? How do we acquire general conceptions of mental states? What lessons can be drawn from experimental work in developmental psychology? Are there fundamental differences between the ways in which we acquire knowledge of our own minds and the ways in which we acquire knowledge of someone else's mind? What sort of cognitive processing underlies our everyday social understanding? How should we best think of the relationship between our complex social life and moral value? The chapters in this volume convey a variety of different perspectives and make a number of novel contributions to the existing literature on these questions, thereby opening up new avenues of inquiry. Furthermore, they illustrate how questions in philosophy and questions from empirical cognitive science overlap and mutually inform one another.

Author : Simon Baron-Cohen,Helen Tager-Flusberg,Donald J. Cohen
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2000-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0198524463

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Understanding Other Minds by Simon Baron-Cohen,Helen Tager-Flusberg,Donald J. Cohen Pdf

Why do children with autism have such trouble developing normal social understanding of other people's feelings? This new edition updates the field by linking autism research to the newest methods for studying the brain.

Author : Bertram F. Malle,Sara D. Hodges
Publisher : Guilford Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2007-01-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781593854683

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Other Minds by Bertram F. Malle,Sara D. Hodges Pdf

Leading scholars from psychology, neuroscience, and philosophy present theories and findings on understanding how individuals infer such complex mental states as beliefs, desires, intentions, and emotions.

Author : Philip Ball
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 513 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2022-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226822044

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The Book of Minds by Philip Ball Pdf

Popular science writer Philip Ball explores a range of sciences to map our answers to a huge, philosophically rich question: How do we even begin to think about minds that are not human? Sciences from zoology to astrobiology, computer science to neuroscience, are seeking to understand minds in their own distinct disciplinary realms. Taking a uniquely broad view of minds and where to find them—including in plants, aliens, and God—Philip Ball pulls the pieces together to explore what sorts of minds we might expect to find in the universe. In so doing, he offers for the first time a unified way of thinking about what minds are and what they can do, by locating them in what he calls the “space of possible minds.” By identifying and mapping out properties of mind without prioritizing the human, Ball sheds new light on a host of fascinating questions: What moral rights should we afford animals, and can we understand their thoughts? Should we worry that AI is going to take over society? If there are intelligent aliens out there, how could we communicate with them? Should we? Understanding the space of possible minds also reveals ways of making advances in understanding some of the most challenging questions in contemporary science: What is thought? What is consciousness? And what (if anything) is free will? Informed by conversations with leading researchers, Ball’s brilliant survey of current views about the nature and existence of minds is more mind-expanding than we could imagine. In this fascinating panorama of other minds, we come to better know our own.

Author : Nicholas Epley
Publisher : Vintage
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2015-01-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780307743565

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Mindwise by Nicholas Epley Pdf

Winner of the 2015 Book Prize for the Promotion of Social and Personality Science (Society for Personality and Social Psychology) Why are we sometimes blind to the minds of others, treating them like objects or animals instead? Why do we talk to our cars, or the stars, as if there is a mind that can hear us? Why do we so routinely believe that others think, feel, and want what we do when, in fact, they do not? And why do we think we understand our spouses, family, and friends so much better than we actually do? In this illuminating book, leading social psychologist Nicholas Epley introduces us to what scientists have learned about our ability to understand the most complicated puzzle on the planet—other people—and the surprising mistakes we so routinely make. Mindwise will not turn others into open books, but it will give you the wisdom to revolutionize how you think about them—and yourself.

Author : Simon Baron-Cohen,Helen Tager-Flusberg,Donald J. Cohen
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 515 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Autism in children
ISBN : 0192620541

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Understanding Other Minds by Simon Baron-Cohen,Helen Tager-Flusberg,Donald J. Cohen Pdf

This book focuses on the "theory of mind" hypothesis, an important new psychological approach to autism. The theory asserts that autistic children fail to develop the ability to think about mental states--a "theory of mind"--unlike other children, and thus fail to conceptualize behavior in terms of mental processes. Proponents argue that this psychological deficit underlies some of the key features of autism, such as abnormalities in social and communication development. The editors have collected both the evidence and the controversies surrounding the theory, and present a valuable discussion about the nature of what is widely recognized as the most severe childhood psychological disorder. The chapters are written by distinguished scholars from a variety of disciplines, including developmental psychology, neuropsychology, philosophy, psycho-linguistics, primatology, and psychoanalysis.

Author : Jordan Zlatev
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027239006

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The Shared Mind by Jordan Zlatev Pdf

The cognitive and language sciences are increasingly oriented towards the social dimension of human cognition and communication. The hitherto dominant approach in modern cognitive science has viewed social cognition through the prism of the traditional philosophical puzzle of how individuals solve the problem of understanding Other Minds. "The Shared Mind" challenges the conventional theory of mind approach, proposing that the human mind is fundamentally based on "intersubjectivity" the sharing of affective, conative, intentional and cognitive states and processes between a plurality of subjects. The socially shared, intersubjective foundation of the human mind is manifest in the structure of early interaction and communication, imitation, gestural communication and the normative and argumentative nature of language. In this path breaking volume, leading researchers from psychology, linguistics, philosophy and primatology offer complementary perspectives on the role of intersubjectivity in the context of human development, comparative cognition and evolution, and language and linguistic theory.

Author : Tadeusz Wieslaw Zawidzki
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013-05-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780262313285

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Mindshaping by Tadeusz Wieslaw Zawidzki Pdf

A proposal that human social cognition would not have evolved without mechanisms and practices that shape minds in ways that make them easier to interpret. In this novel account of distinctively human social cognition, Tadeusz Zawidzki argues that the key distinction between human and nonhuman social cognition consists in our complex, diverse, and flexible capacities to shape each other's minds in ways that make them easier to interpret. Zawidzki proposes that such "mindshaping"—which takes the form of capacities and practices such as sophisticated imitation, pedagogy, conformity to norms, and narrative self-constitution—is the most important component of human social cognition. Without it, he argues, none of the other components of what he terms the "human sociocognitive syndrome," including sophisticated language, cooperation, and sophisticated "mindreading," would be possible. Challenging the dominant view that sophisticated mindreading—especially propositional attitude attribution—is the key evolutionary innovation behind distinctively human social cognition, Zawidzki contends that the capacity to attribute such mental states depends on the evolution of mindshaping practices. Propositional attitude attribution, he argues, is likely to be unreliable unless most of us are shaped to have similar kinds of propositional attitudes in similar circumstances. Motivations to mindshape, selected to make sophisticated cooperation possible, combine with low-level mindreading abilities that we share with nonhuman species to make it easier for humans to interpret and anticipate each other's behavior. Eventually, this led, in human prehistory, to the capacity to attribute full-blown propositional attitudes accurately—a capacity that is parasitic, in phylogeny and today, on prior capacities to shape minds. Bringing together findings from developmental psychology, comparative psychology, evolutionary psychology, and philosophy of psychology, Zawidzki offers a strikingly original framework for understanding human social cognition.

Author : Shannon Spaulding
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018-05-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781315396040

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How We Understand Others by Shannon Spaulding Pdf

In our everyday social interactions, we try to make sense of what people are thinking, why they act as they do, and what they are likely to do next. This process is called mindreading. Mindreading, Shannon Spaulding argues in this book, is central to our ability to understand and interact with others. Philosophers and cognitive scientists have converged on the idea that mindreading involves theorizing about and simulating others’ mental states. She argues that this view of mindreading is limiting and outdated. Most contemporary views of mindreading vastly underrepresent the diversity and complexity of mindreading. She articulates a new theory of mindreading that takes into account cutting edge philosophical and empirical research on in-group/out-group dynamics, social biases, and how our goals and the situational context influence how we interpret others’ behavior. Spaulding's resulting theory of mindreading provides a more accurate, comprehensive, and perhaps pessimistic view of our abilities to understand others, with important epistemological and ethical implications. Deciding who is trustworthy, knowledgeable, and competent are epistemically and ethically fraught judgments: her new theory of mindreading sheds light on how these judgments are made and the conditions under which they are unreliable. This book will be of great interest to students of philosophy of psychology, philosophy of mind, applied epistemology, cognitive science and moral psychology, as well as those interested in conceptual issues in psychology.

Author : Anita Avramides
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2000-12-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781135199371

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Other Minds by Anita Avramides Pdf

How do we know whether there are other minds besides our own? The problem of other minds raises many questions which are at the root of all philosophical investigations - how it is we know, what is the mind and can we be certain about any of our beliefs? In this compelling analysis of 'other minds' Anita Avramides traces the question from the Ancient Sceptics through to Descartes, Malebranche, Locke, Berkeley, Reid and Wittgenstein. The second part of the book explores the views of influential contemporary philosophers such as Strawson, Davidson, Nagel and Searle. Other Minds provides a clear insightful introduction to one of the most important problems in philosophy. It will prove invaluable to all students of philosophy.

Author : Shaun & Stephen P. Stich Nichols
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0198236093

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Mindreading by Shaun & Stephen P. Stich Nichols Pdf

Author : Alec Hyslop
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 167 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401585101

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Other Minds by Alec Hyslop Pdf

This book has been a long time in the making. Other issues have taken me away from it from time to extended time. But I kept coming back to the problem of other minds. It has remained a great issue, it is much contested still, and it is, after all, elose to us all. I like believing that the time taken has deepened my understanding of the problem and how it is to be handled. Other people, some by disagreeing vehemently, have helped greatly. I mention in particular, Brian Ellis, Robert Fox, Graeme Marshali, Tim Oakley, Ray Pinkerton and Robert Young. Robert Pargetter argued with me, and kept insisting that I write this book. John Bigelow, Michael Bradley, Keith Campbell, Frank Jackson, and William Lycan assisted by reading an earlier version and providing valued comments. Frank Jackson has been specially helpful, not just on this topic. He can be blamed for initially causing me to take the analogical inference seriously. Tbe La Trobe Philosophy Department has been a good place to do philosophy. I am grateful to Suzanne Hayster, Sandra Paul, and Betty Pritchard for struggling at various times with various recalcitrant manuscripts. Most particularly I thank Gai Larkin. She has seen the project through, with considerably more than efficiency.

Author : Bertram F. Malle,Louis J. Moses,Dare A. Baldwin
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0262632675

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Intentions and Intentionality by Bertram F. Malle,Louis J. Moses,Dare A. Baldwin Pdf

Highlights the roles of intention and intentionality in social cognition.

Author : Alvin Plantinga
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : God
ISBN : 0801497353

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God and Other Minds by Alvin Plantinga Pdf