Understanding Socioeconomic Differences In Health An Economic Approach

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Communities in Action

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2017-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452960

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Communities in Action by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States Pdf

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Social Epidemiology

Author : Lisa F. Berkman,Ichiro Kawachi
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2000-03-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0195083318

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Social Epidemiology by Lisa F. Berkman,Ichiro Kawachi Pdf

This book shows the important links between social conditions and health and begins to describe the processes through which these health inequalities may be generated. It reviews a range of methodologies that could be used by health researchers in this field and proposes innovative future research directions.

Guidance for the National Healthcare Disparities Report

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Guidance for Designing a National Healthcare Disparities Report
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2002-10-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309085199

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Guidance for the National Healthcare Disparities Report by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Guidance for Designing a National Healthcare Disparities Report Pdf

The Agency for Healthcare Research Quality commissioned the Institute of Medicine establish a committee to provide guidance on the National Healthcare Disparities Report is of access to health care, utilization of services, and the services received. The committee was asked to con population characteristics as race and ethnicity, society status, and geographic location. It was also asked to examine factors that included possible data sources and types of measures for the report.

The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Assuring the Health of the Public in the 21st Century
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 536 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2003-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309133180

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The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Assuring the Health of the Public in the 21st Century Pdf

The anthrax incidents following the 9/11 terrorist attacks put the spotlight on the nation's public health agencies, placing it under an unprecedented scrutiny that added new dimensions to the complex issues considered in this report. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century reaffirms the vision of Healthy People 2010, and outlines a systems approach to assuring the nation's health in practice, research, and policy. This approach focuses on joining the unique resources and perspectives of diverse sectors and entities and challenges these groups to work in a concerted, strategic way to promote and protect the public's health. Focusing on diverse partnerships as the framework for public health, the book discusses: The need for a shift from an individual to a population-based approach in practice, research, policy, and community engagement. The status of the governmental public health infrastructure and what needs to be improved, including its interface with the health care delivery system. The roles nongovernment actors, such as academia, business, local communities and the media can play in creating a healthy nation. Providing an accessible analysis, this book will be important to public health policy-makers and practitioners, business and community leaders, health advocates, educators and journalists.

Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Race, Ethnicity, and Health in Later Life
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 753 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2004-10-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309092111

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Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Race, Ethnicity, and Health in Later Life Pdf

In their later years, Americans of different racial and ethnic backgrounds are not in equally good-or equally poor-health. There is wide variation, but on average older Whites are healthier than older Blacks and tend to outlive them. But Whites tend to be in poorer health than Hispanics and Asian Americans. This volume documents the differentials and considers possible explanations. Selection processes play a role: selective migration, for instance, or selective survival to advanced ages. Health differentials originate early in life, possibly even before birth, and are affected by events and experiences throughout the life course. Differences in socioeconomic status, risk behavior, social relations, and health care all play a role. Separate chapters consider the contribution of such factors and the biopsychosocial mechanisms that link them to health. This volume provides the empirical evidence for the research agenda provided in the separate report of the Panel on Race, Ethnicity, and Health in Later Life.

Distributional Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

Author : Richard Cookson,Susan Griffin,Anthony J. Culyer,Ole F. Norheim
Publisher : Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-30
Category : Medical care
ISBN : 9780198838197

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Distributional Cost-Effectiveness Analysis by Richard Cookson,Susan Griffin,Anthony J. Culyer,Ole F. Norheim Pdf

Health inequalities blight lives, generate enormous costs, and exist everywhere. This book is the definitive all-in-one guide for anyone who wishes to learn about, commission, and use distributional cost-effectiveness analysis to promote both equity and efficiency in health and healthcare.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Health of Older Americans

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1997-09-23
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309175562

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Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Health of Older Americans by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population Pdf

Older Americans, even the oldest, can now expect to live years longer than those who reached the same ages even a few decades ago. Although survival has improved for all racial and ethnic groups, strong differences persist, both in life expectancy and in the causes of disability and death at older ages. This book examines trends in mortality rates and selected causes of disability (cardiovascular disease, dementia) for older people of different racial and ethnic groups. The determinants of these trends and differences are also investigated, including differences in access to health care and experiences in early life, diet, health behaviors, genetic background, social class, wealth and income. Groups often neglected in analyses of national data, such as the elderly Hispanic and Asian Americans of different origin and immigrant generations, are compared. The volume provides understanding of research bearing on the health status and survival of the fastest-growing segment of the American population.

Health and socio-economic status over the life course

Author : Axel Börsch-Supan,Johanna Bristle,Karen Andersen-Ranberg,Agar Brugiavini,Florence Jusot,Howard Litwin,Guglielmo Weber
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 591 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783110617450

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Health and socio-economic status over the life course by Axel Börsch-Supan,Johanna Bristle,Karen Andersen-Ranberg,Agar Brugiavini,Florence Jusot,Howard Litwin,Guglielmo Weber Pdf

Health in later life is shaped by behavior and policies over the life course and reflects the differences between the societies in which we are ageing. This multidisciplinary book answers questions from all life course phases and its interconnections from a European perspective based on the most recent SHARE data, such as: How is our health related to personality traits and influenced by our childhood conditions and careers? Which role does our social network play? Which impacts of the different health care and societal regimes can we trace at older ages? Which are the differences and similarities across European countries?

Immigration as a Social Determinant of Health

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 77 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2019-01-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309482172

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Immigration as a Social Determinant of Health by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity Pdf

Since 1965 the foreign-born population of the United States has swelled from 9.6 million or 5 percent of the population to 45 million or 14 percent in 2015. Today, about one-quarter of the U.S. population consists of immigrants or the children of immigrants. Given the sizable representation of immigrants in the U.S. population, their health is a major influence on the health of the population as a whole. On average, immigrants are healthier than native-born Americans. Yet, immigrants also are subject to the systematic marginalization and discrimination that often lead to the creation of health disparities. To explore the link between immigration and health disparities, the Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity held a workshop in Oakland, California, on November 28, 2017. This summary of that workshop highlights the presentations and discussions of the workshop.

Unequal Lives

Author : Graham, Hilary
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2007-09-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780335213696

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Unequal Lives by Graham, Hilary Pdf

Unequal Lives focuses on the connections between people's unequal health and people's unequal lives, and between health and socioeconomic inequalities

Socioeconomic Differences in Old Age Mortality

Author : Rasmus Hoffmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2008-10-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781402086922

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Socioeconomic Differences in Old Age Mortality by Rasmus Hoffmann Pdf

Social differences in health and mortality constitute a persistent finding in epidemiological, demographic, and sociological research. It is a topic that is much discussed in the current political debate and it is among the most urgent public health issues. However, we still do not know whether socioeconomic mortality differences increase or decrease with age. This book provides a comprehensive, critical discussion of all aspects involved in the relationship between socioeconomic status, health and mortality. It synthesizes the sociological theory of social inequality and an empirical study of mortality differences that has been conducted by the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (Rostock, Germany). This study is the most comprehensive analysis of socioeconomic mortality differences in the literature, both in terms of quantity and quality of data, and in terms of the statistical method used: that of event-history modeling.

Health-Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Health Care Utilization and Adults with Disabilities
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2018-04-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309469210

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Health-Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Health Care Utilization and Adults with Disabilities Pdf

The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two programs that provide benefits based on disability: the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. This report analyzes health care utilizations as they relate to impairment severity and SSA's definition of disability. Health Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination identifies types of utilizations that might be good proxies for "listing-level" severity; that is, what represents an impairment, or combination of impairments, that are severe enough to prevent a person from doing any gainful activity, regardless of age, education, or work experience.

Equity, Social Determinants and Public Health Programmes

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9789241563970

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Equity, Social Determinants and Public Health Programmes by World Health Organization Pdf

1. Introduction and methods of work.-- 2. Alcohol: equity and social determinants.-- 3. Cardiovascular disease: equity and social determinants.-- 4. Health and nutrition of children: equity and social determinants.-- 5. Diabetes: equity and social determinants.-- 6. Food safety: equity and social determinants.-- 7. Mental disorders: equity and social determinants.-- 8. Neglected tropical diseases: equity and social determinants.-- 9. Oral health: equity and social determinants.-- 10. Unintended pregnancy and pregnancy outcome: equity and social determinants.-- 11. Tobacco use: equity and social determinants.-- 12. Tuberculosis: the role of risk factors and social determinants.-- 13. Violence and unintentional injury: equity and social determinants.-- 14. Synergy for equity.

Improving Health in the Community

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Using Performance Monitoring to Improve Community Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 497 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1997-05-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309055345

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Improving Health in the Community by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Using Performance Monitoring to Improve Community Health Pdf

How do communities protect and improve the health of their populations? Health care is part of the answer but so are environmental protections, social and educational services, adequate nutrition, and a host of other activities. With concern over funding constraints, making sure such activities are efficient and effective is becoming a high priority. Improving Health in the Community explains how population-based performance monitoring programs can help communities point their efforts in the right direction. Within a broad definition of community health, the committee addresses factors surrounding the implementation of performance monitoring and explores the "why" and "how to" of establishing mechanisms to monitor the performance of those who can influence community health. The book offers a policy framework, applies a multidimensional model of the determinants of health, and provides sets of prototype performance indicators for specific health issues. Improving Health in the Community presents an attainable vision of a process that can achieve community-wide health benefits.