Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 8 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Smoke
ISBN : MINN:31951D02973490K
Understanding the Hazards of Smoke
Anonim
Understanding The Hazards Of Smoke
Understanding The Hazards Of Smoke Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Understanding The Hazards Of Smoke book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease
Anonim
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 728 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UCSD:31822037817723
How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by Anonim Pdf
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Fire and Smoke
National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Fire Toxicology
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Fire Toxicology
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 167 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1986-02-01
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309062312
Fire and Smoke by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Fire Toxicology Pdf
Know Your Chances
Steven Woloshin,Lisa Miriam Schwartz,Lisa M. Schwartz,H. Gilbert Welch
Author : Steven Woloshin,Lisa Miriam Schwartz,Lisa M. Schwartz,H. Gilbert Welch
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2008-11-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780520252226
Know Your Chances by Steven Woloshin,Lisa Miriam Schwartz,Lisa M. Schwartz,H. Gilbert Welch Pdf
Understanding risk -- Putting risk in perspective -- Risk charts : a way to get perspective -- Judging the benefit of a health intervention -- Not all benefits are equal : understand the outcome -- Consider the downsides -- Do the benefits outweight the downsides? -- Beware of exaggerated importance -- Beware of exaggerated certainty -- Who's behind the numbers?
The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke
Anonim
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 736 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Passive smoking
ISBN : PURD:32754076769391
The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke by Anonim Pdf
This Surgeon General's report returns to the topic of the health effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. The last comprehensive review of this evidence by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was in the 1986 Surgeon General's report, The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, published 20 years ago this year. This new report updates the evidence of the harmful effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. This large body of research findings is captured in an accompanying dynamic database that profiles key epidemiologic findings, and allows the evidence on health effects of exposure to tobacco smoke to be synthesized and updated (following the format of the 2004 report, The Health Consequences of Smoking). The database enables users to explore the data and studies supporting the conclusions in the report. The database is available on the Web site of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco.
Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking
IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,World Health Organization,International Agency for Research on Cancer
Author : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,World Health Organization,International Agency for Research on Cancer
Publisher : IARC
Page : 1476 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9283212835
Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,World Health Organization,International Agency for Research on Cancer Pdf
The IARC Monographs series publishes authoritative independent assessments by international experts of the carcinogenic risks posed to humans by a variety of agents, mixtures and exposures. They are a resource of information for both researchers and national and international authorities. This volume is particularly significant because tobacco smoke not only causes more deaths from cancer than any other known agent; it also causes more deaths from vascular and respiratory diseases. This volume contains all the relevant information on both direct and passive smoking. It is organised by first looking at the nature of agent before collecting the evidence of cancer in humans. This is followed by carcinogenicity studies on animals and then any other data relevant to an evaluation.
Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects
Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Acute Coronary Events
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Acute Coronary Events
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2010-02-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309138390
Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Acute Coronary Events Pdf
Data suggest that exposure to secondhand smoke can result in heart disease in nonsmoking adults. Recently, progress has been made in reducing involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke through legislation banning smoking in workplaces, restaurants, and other public places. The effect of legislation to ban smoking and its effects on the cardiovascular health of nonsmoking adults, however, remains a question. Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects reviews available scientific literature to assess the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and acute coronary events. The authors, experts in secondhand smoke exposure and toxicology, clinical cardiology, epidemiology, and statistics, find that there is about a 25 to 30 percent increase in the risk of coronary heart disease from exposure to secondhand smoke. Their findings agree with the 2006 Surgeon General's Report conclusion that there are increased risks of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality among men and women exposed to secondhand smoke. However, the authors note that the evidence for determining the magnitude of the relationship between chronic secondhand smoke exposure and coronary heart disease is not very strong. Public health professionals will rely upon Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects for its survey of critical epidemiological studies on the effects of smoking bans and evidence of links between secondhand smoke exposure and cardiovascular events, as well as its findings and recommendations.
Emergency Response Guidebook
U.S. Department of Transportation
Author : U.S. Department of Transportation
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781626363762
Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation Pdf
Does the identification number 60 indicate a toxic substance or a flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature? Does the identification number 1035 indicate ethane or butane? What is the difference between natural gas transmission pipelines and natural gas distribution pipelines? If you came upon an overturned truck on the highway that was leaking, would you be able to identify if it was hazardous and know what steps to take? Questions like these and more are answered in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Learn how to identify symbols for and vehicles carrying toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive, or otherwise harmful substances and how to respond once an incident involving those substances has been identified. Always be prepared in situations that are unfamiliar and dangerous and know how to rectify them. Keeping this guide around at all times will ensure that, if you were to come upon a transportation situation involving hazardous substances or dangerous goods, you will be able to help keep others and yourself out of danger. With color-coded pages for quick and easy reference, this is the official manual used by first responders in the United States and Canada for transportation incidents involving dangerous goods or hazardous materials.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Smoke-free Policies
IARC Working Group on Evaluating the Effectiveness of Smoke-free Policies,International Agency for Research on Cancer
Author : IARC Working Group on Evaluating the Effectiveness of Smoke-free Policies,International Agency for Research on Cancer
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCBK:C095473858
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Smoke-free Policies by IARC Working Group on Evaluating the Effectiveness of Smoke-free Policies,International Agency for Research on Cancer Pdf
Presents the evidence on the effectiveness of measures enforced at the societal level to eliminate tobacco smoking and tobacco smoke from the environments where exposure takes place. This volume offers a critical review of the evidence on the economic effects and health benefits of smoke-free legislation and the adoption of voluntary smoke-free policies in households.
Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Review of the Health Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Review of the Health Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 775 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2018-05-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309468374
Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Review of the Health Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Pdf
Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes. Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.
Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults
United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Author : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher : U.S. Government Printing Office
Page : 928 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCBK:C095488540
Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General Pdf
This Surgeon General's report details the causes and the consequences of tobacco use among youth and young adults by focusing on the social, environmental, advertising, and marketing influences that encourage youth and young adults to initiate and sustain tobacco use. This is the first time tobacco data on young adults as a discrete population have been explored in detail. The report also highlights successful strategies to prevent young people from using tobacco
Implications of the California Wildfires for Health, Communities, and Preparedness
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Roundtable on Environmental Health Services, Research, and Medicine,Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity,Roundtable on Population Health Improvement,Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Roundtable on Environmental Health Services, Research, and Medicine,Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity,Roundtable on Population Health Improvement,Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309499903
Implications of the California Wildfires for Health, Communities, and Preparedness by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Roundtable on Environmental Health Services, Research, and Medicine,Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity,Roundtable on Population Health Improvement,Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies Pdf
California and other wildfire-prone western states have experienced a substantial increase in the number and intensity of wildfires in recent years. Wildlands and climate experts expect these trends to continue and quite likely to worsen in coming years. Wildfires and other disasters can be particularly devastating for vulnerable communities. Members of these communities tend to experience worse health outcomes from disasters, have fewer resources for responding and rebuilding, and receive less assistance from state, local, and federal agencies. Because burning wood releases particulate matter and other toxicants, the health effects of wildfires extend well beyond burns. In addition, deposition of toxicants in soil and water can result in chronic as well as acute exposures. On June 4-5, 2019, four different entities within the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop titled Implications of the California Wildfires for Health, Communities, and Preparedness at the Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing at the University of California, Davis. The workshop explored the population health, environmental health, emergency preparedness, and health equity consequences of increasingly strong and numerous wildfires, particularly in California. This publication is a summary of the presentations and discussion of the workshop.
Smoking and Health
United States. Surgeon General's Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health
Author : United States. Surgeon General's Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1964
Category : Smoking
ISBN : UCR:31210019141132
Smoking and Health by United States. Surgeon General's Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health Pdf
Smoke-Filled Rooms
W. Kip Viscusi
Author : W. Kip Viscusi
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2010-02-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780226857480
Smoke-Filled Rooms by W. Kip Viscusi Pdf
The 1998 out-of-court settlements of litigation by the states against the cigarette industry totaled $243 billion, making it the largest payoff ever in our civil justice system. Two key questions drove the lawsuits and the attendant settlement: Do smokers understand the risks of smoking? And does smoking impose net financial costs on the states? With Smoke-Filled Rooms,W. Kip Viscusi provides unexpected answers to these questions, drawing on an impressive range of data on several topics central to the smoking policy debate. Based on surveys of smokers in the United States and Spain, for instance, he demonstrates that smokers actually overestimate the dangers of smoking, indicating that they are well aware of the risks involved in their choice to smoke. And while smoking does increase medical costs to the states, Viscusi finds that these costs are more than financially balanced by the premature mortality of smokers, which reduces their demands on state pension and health programs, so that, on average, smoking either pays for itself or generates revenues for the states. Viscusi's eye-opening assessment of the tobacco lawsuits also includes policy recommendations that could frame these debates in a more productive way, such as his suggestion that the FDA should develop a rating system for cigarettes and other tobacco products based on their relative safety, thus providing an incentive for tobacco manufacturers to compete among themselves to produce safer cigarettes. Viscusi's hard look at the facts of smoking and its costs runs against conventional thinking. But it is also necessary for an informed and realistic debate about the legal, financial, and social consequences of the tobacco lawsuits. People making $50,000 or more pay .08 percent of their income in cigarette taxes, but people with incomes of less than $10,000 pay 1.62 percenttwenty times as much. The maintenance crew at the Capitol will bear more of the "sin tax" levied on cigarettes than will members of Congress who voted to boost it. Cigarettes are not a financial drain to the U.S. In fact, they are self-financing, as a consequence of smokers' premature mortality. The general public estimates that 47 out of 100 smokers will die from lung cancer because they smoke. Smokers believe that 40 out of 100 will die of the disease. Scientists estimate the actual number of 100 smokers who will die from lung cancer to be between 7 and 13.
Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products
Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2015-07-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309316279
Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products Pdf
Tobacco use by adolescents and young adults poses serious concerns. Nearly all adults who have ever smoked daily first tried a cigarette before 26 years of age. Current cigarette use among adults is highest among persons aged 21 to 25 years. The parts of the brain most responsible for cognitive and psychosocial maturity continue to develop and change through young adulthood, and adolescent brains are uniquely vulnerable to the effects of nicotine. At the request of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products considers the likely public health impact of raising the minimum age for purchasing tobacco products. The report reviews the existing literature on tobacco use patterns, developmental biology and psychology, health effects of tobacco use, and the current landscape regarding youth access laws, including minimum age laws and their enforcement. Based on this literature, the report makes conclusions about the likely effect of raising the minimum age to 19, 21, and 25 years on tobacco use initiation. The report also quantifies the accompanying public health outcomes based on findings from two tobacco use simulation models. According to the report, raising the minimum age of legal access to tobacco products, particularly to ages 21 and 25, will lead to substantial reductions in tobacco use, improve the health of Americans across the lifespan, and save lives. Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products will be a valuable reference for federal policy makers and state and local health departments and legislators.