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Author : Martin Browning,Thomas F. Crossley,Københavns universitet. Økonomiske institut,McMaster University. Department of Economics,University of Copenhagen, Institute of Economics
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:464718412
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:45129711
Author : Martin Browning,Thomas Crossley
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:473475929
Author : Klaus-Peter Hellwig
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 35 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513572680
I use three decades of county-level data to estimate the effects of federal unemployment benefit extensions on economic activity. To overcome the reverse causality coming from the fact that benefit extensions are a function of state unemployment rates, I only use the within-state variation in outcomes to identify treatment effects. Identification rests on a differences-in-differences approach which exploits heterogeneity in county exposure to policy changes. To distinguish demand and supply-side channels, I estimate the model separately for tradable and non-tradable sectors. Finally I use benefit extensions as an instrument to estimate local fiscal multipliers of unemployment benefit transfers. I find (i) that the overall impact of benefit extensions on activity is positive, pointing to strong demand effects; (ii) that, even in tradable sectors, there are no negative supply-side effects from work disincentives; and (iii) a fiscal multiplier estimate of 1.92, similar to estimates in the literature for other types of spending.
Author : Arlene Holen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Unemployed
ISBN : CORNELL:31924000512271
Author : Jerry L. Kingston,Paul L. Burgess,Chris Walters
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UIUC:30112011748552
Author : Patricia M. Anderson,Bruce D. Meyer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Insurance, Unemployment
ISBN : UCSC:32106013467714
Despite clear theoretical predictions of UI effects on takeup there is little work on the link between program generosity and the propensity to file for benefits. Administrative data allow us to assign the potential level and duration of benefits accurately for a sample of workers separating from their employers, whether or not UI was ever actually received. We then use these values along with marginal tax rates as our main explanatory variables in logit equation estimates of the probability that a separating employee receives UI. We find a strong positive effect of the benefit level on takeup, but little effect of the potential duration of benefits. The estimates imply elasticities of the takeup rate with respect to benefits of about 0.46 to 0.78. Our estimates also show that potential claimants respond to the tax treatment of benefits. Simulations of the effects of taxing UI benefits indicate that recent tax changes can account for most of the decline in UI receipt in the 1980's. In addition, we find theoretical and empirical support for the proposition that those with short unemployment spells are less likely to file. We show that if the decision to file for UI is affected by benefit levels and the expected duration of unemployment, it will bias estimates of the effects of UI on unemployment duration.
Author : Congressional Budget Office
Publisher : Createspace Independent Pub
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-29
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1505261643
The unemployment insurance (UI) system is a partnership between the federal government and state governments that provides a temporary weekly benefit to qualified workers who lose their job and are seeking work. The amount of that benefit is based in part on a worker's past earnings. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that UI benefits totaled $94 billion in fiscal year 2012 (when the unemployment rate was 8.3 percent, on average), a substantial increase over the $33 billion paid out in fiscal year 2007 (when the unemployment rate was 4.5 percent, on average).The periods for which eligible workers can receive UI benefits have been repeatedly extended during the recent recession and its aftermath. Regular UI benefits generally last up to 26 weeks (see Summary Table 1). Additional weeks of benefits have been provided through the creation of the temporary Emergency Unemployment Compensation (EUC) program in 2008 and through modifications to the extended benefits (EB) program. The EUC program currently provides up to 47 weeks of additional benefits (depending on a state's unemployment rate) after regular UI benefits have been exhausted. The EB program provides up to 20 weeks of benefits to certain eligible workers who have exhausted their EUC benefits (temporary changes in law have made it easier for states to qualify to provide extended benefits and have made the funding for the EB program entirely federal). The benefits the three programs provide—at a total cost over the past five years of roughly $520 billion—have allowed households to better maintain their consumption while household members are unemployed. Under current law, the temporary benefits that have been provided in recent years are set to expire at the end of December 2012.
Author : Andreas Pollak
Publisher : Mohr Siebeck
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 3161493044
Designing a good unemployment insurance scheme is a delicate matter. In a system with no or little insurance, households may be subject to a high income risk, whereas excessively generous unemployment insurance systems are known to lead to high unemployment rates and are costly both from a fiscal perspective and for society as a whole. Andreas Pollak investigates what an optimal unemployment insurance system would look like, i.e. a system that constitutes the best possible compromise between income security and incentives to work. Using theoretical economic models and complex numerical simulations, he studies the effects of benefit levels and payment durations on unemployment and welfare. As the models allow for considerable heterogeneity of households, including a history-dependent labor productivity, it is possible to analyze how certain policies affect individuals in a specific age, wealth or skill group. The most important aspect of an unemployment insurance system turns out to be the benefits paid to the long-term unemployed. If this parameter is chosen too high, a large number of households may get caught in a long spell of unemployment with little chance of finding work again. Based on the predictions in these models, the so-called "Hartz IV" labor market reform recently adopted in Germany should have highly favorable effects on the unemployment rates and welfare in the long run.
Author : Mr.Romain A Duval,Mr.Prakash Loungani
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2019-05-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498315203
This paper discusses theoretical aspects and evidences related to designing labor market institutions in emerging market and developing economies. This note reviews the state of theory and evidence on the design of labor market institutions in a developing economy context and then reviews its consistency with actual labor market advice in a selected set of emerging and developing economies. The focus is mainly on three broad sets of institutions that matter for both workers’ protection and labor market efficiency: employment protection, unemployment insurance and social assistance, minimum wages and collective bargaining. Text mining techniques are used to identify IMF recommendations in these areas in Article IV Reports for 30 emerging and frontier economies over 2005–2016. This note has provided a critical review of the literature on the design of labor market institutions in emerging and developing market economies, and benchmarked the advice featured in IMF recommendations for 30 emerging market and frontier economies against the tentative conclusions from the literature.
Author : David Miles,Gareth Myles,Ian Preston
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2003-03-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0191593281
The Economics of Public Spending investigates the extent of government involvement in the economy, details its rational, and traces its historical record. The book unites articles previously published in Fiscal Studies, each one addressing a different area of expenditure and written by an economist specializing in that field. They describe both the data on public expenditure and the theory relevant to understanding the policy issues. A new introduction investigates the overall role of the public sector and discusses the general theory of public expenditure. In providing a detailed analysis of public expenditure, the book makes an important contribution to the economics literature. There are no other texts with this breadth of coverage or depth of analysis. Insights are provided into both the policy issues, cross-country comparisons of expenditure, and alternative approaches to economic analysis. The chapters apply the tools of orthodox public finance, public choice, modern public economics, and game theory to reach a range of policy proposals and conclusions. These demonstrate the range and potential of economic analysis when applied to these important issues.
Author : David E. Balducchi,Christopher J. O'Leary,Suzanne Simonetta,Wayne Vroman
Publisher : W.E. Upjohn Institute
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2018-09-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780880996525
The Unemployment Insurance (UI) system is a lasting piece of the Social Security Act which was enacted in 1935. But like most things that are over 80 years old, it occasionally needs maintenance to keep it operating smoothly while keeping up with the changing demands placed upon it. However, the UI system has been ignored by policymakers for decades and, say the authors, it is broken, out of date, and badly in need of repair. Stephen A. Wandner pulls together a group of UI researchers, each with decades of experience, who describe the weaknesses in the current system and propose policy reforms that they say would modernize the system and prepare us for the next recession.
Author : Mr.Tom Krebs,Mr.Martin Scheffel
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 85 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475592245
This paper studies the effect of two labor market institutions, unemployment insurance (UI) and job search assistance (JSA), on the output cost and welfare cost of recessions. The paper develops a tractable incomplete-market model with search unemployment, skill depreciation during unemployment, and idiosyncratic as well as aggregate labor market risk. The theoretical analysis shows that an increase in JSA and a reduction in UI reduce the output cost of recessions by making the labor market more fluid along the job finding margin and thus making the economy more resilient to macroeconomic shocks. In contarst, the effect of JSA and UI on the welfare cost of recessions is in general ambiguous. The paper also provides a quantitative appliation to the German labor market reforms of 2003-2005, the so-called Hartz reforms, which improved JSA (Hartz III reform) and reduced UI (Hartz IV reform). According to the baseline calibration, the two labor market reforms led to a substantial reduction in the output cost of recessions and a moderate reduction in the welfare cost of recessions in Germany.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 19 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781437943627
Author : John Karl Scholz
Publisher : Univ of Wisconsin Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2010-03-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780299237738
These articles cover a wide range of topics related to income volatility and food assistance programs and evaluation of the safety net.