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Author : C A MacDonald
Publisher : Springer
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1981-07-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781349165698
Author : C. A. MacDonald
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Great Britain
ISBN : 031283313X
Author : James P. Levy
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : History
ISBN : 0742545385
Standing against conventional wisdom, historian James Levy reevaluates Britain's twin policies of appeasement and rearmament in the late 1930s. By carefully examining the political and economic environment of the times, Levy argues that Neville Chamberlain crafted an active, logical and morally defensible foreign policy designed to avoid and deter a potentially devastating war. Levy shows that through Chamberlain's experience as Chancellor of the Exchequer, he knew that Britain had not yet fully recovered from the first World War and the longer an international confrontation could be avoided, the better Britain's chances of weathering the storm. In the end, Hitler could be neither appeased nor deterred, and recognizing this, Britain and France went into war better armed and better prepared to fight.
Author : Stephen R. Rock
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780813181684
Since the 1930s, appeasement has been labeled as a futile and possibly dangerous policy. In this landmark study, Stephen Rock seeks to restore appeasement to its proper place as a legitimate—and potentially successful—diplomatic strategy. Appeasement was discredited by Neville Chamberlain's disastrous attempt to satisfy Adolf Hitler's territorial ambitions and avoid war in 1938. Rock argues, however, that there is very little evidence to support the belief that dissatisfied states and their leaders cannot be appeased or that appeasement undermines a state's credibility in later attempts at deterrence. Rock looks at five case studies from the past 100 years, revealing under what conditions appeasement can achieve its goals. From British appeasement of the United States near the beginning of the twentieth century to American conciliation of North Korea in the early 1990s, Rock concludes that appeasement succeeds or fails depending on the nature of the adversary, the nature of the inducements used on the antagonist, and the existence of other incentives for the adversary to acquiesce. Appeasement in International Politics suggests the type of appeasement strategy most appropriate for various situations. The options range from pure inducements, reciprocity, to a mixture of inducements and threats. In addition to this theoretical framework, Rock's explicit comparison of appeasement and deterrence offers important guidelines for policymakers on when and how to implement a strategy of appeasement. At a time when the strategy of engagement plays an increasingly central—and controversial—role in U.S. foreign policy, Appeasement in International Politics reestablishes the long-discredited use of inducements as an effective means of preventing conflict.
Author : Ian M. Drummond,Norman Hillmer
Publisher : Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780889208230
On November 17, 1938, Great Britain, the United States, and Canada, after four years of discussion and manoeuvre, signed two wide–ranging and interlocking trade agreements. A few large elements dominated the talks. The Americans wanted to breach the walls of the British imperial preferential tariff system. The British were anxious to retain markets and political support in the British dominions and the Baltic, while protecting their domestic agriculture and improving political relations with the United States. Canada, whose acquiescence and co–operation were necessitated by the pre–existing network of trade agreements, hoped to win new export markets, to retain old ones, and to achieve international political tranquility through economic means. Although the negotiations began with a mixture of lofty and ignoble motives, in the end the latter predominated. The authors have drawn on archival and statistical materials in all three countries to provide a clear and detailed account of the economic context of the mid–1930s, the process of negotiations, the issues, and the political and economic significance, both then and now, of the final agreements. Their work is a valuable case–study of the problems that face any country that tries to negotiate freer trade. It is therefore full of contemporary resonance and relevance, and will be of interest to students of and specialists in modern history (European, British, and North American), international relations, and international economic policy.
Author : Tim Bouverie
Publisher : Arrow
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2020-03-19
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1784705748
The Sunday Times Bestseller 'Astonishing' ANTONY BEEVOR 'One of the most promising young historians to enter our field for years' MAX HASTINGS On a wet afternoon in September 1938, Neville Chamberlain stepped off an aeroplane and announced that his visit to Hitler had averted the greatest crisis in recent memory. It was, he later assured the crowd in Downing Street, 'peace for our time'. Less than a year later, Germany invaded Poland and the Second World War began. This is a vital new history of the disastrous years of indecision, failed diplomacy and parliamentary infighting that enabled Nazi domination of Europe. Drawing on previously unseen sources, it sweeps from the advent of Hitler in 1933 to the beaches of Dunkirk, and presents an unforgettable portrait of the ministers, aristocrats and amateur diplomats whose actions and inaction had devastating consequences. 'Brilliant and sparkling . . . Reads like a thriller. I couldn't put it down' Peter Frankopan 'Vivid, detailed and utterly fascinating . . . This is political drama at its most compelling' James Holland 'Bouverie skilfully traces each shameful step to war . . . in moving and dramatic detail' Sunday Telegraph
Author : Tim Bouverie
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780451499844
"A new history of the British appeasement of the Third Reich on the eve of World War II"--
Author : Paul N. Hehn
Publisher : A&C Black
Page : 538 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2005-09-26
Category : History
ISBN : 0826417612
Focusing on the rivalries among the Great Powers in the search for markets during the world depression of the 1930s, the author surveys the five Major Powers and all the Eastern European countries from the Baltic to Turkey. But he primarily canvases the economic situations in locations like Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Yugoslavia.
Author : Adrian Phillips
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Great Britain
ISBN : 1785904752
In Fighting Churchill, Appeasing Hitler Adrian Phillips presents a radical new view of the British policy of appeasement in the late 1930s. No one doubts that appeasement failed, but Phillips shows that it caused active harm - even sabotaging Britain's preparations for war. He goes far further than previous historians in identifying the individuals responsible for a catalogue of miscalculations, deviousness and moral surrender that made the Second World War inevitable, and highlights the alternative policies that might have prevented it. Phillips outlines how Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain and his chief advisor, Sir Horace Wilson, formed a fatally inept two-man foreign-policy machine that was immune to any objective examination, criticism or assessment - ruthlessly manipulating the media to support appeasement while batting aside policies advocated by Winston Churchill, the most vocal opponent of appeasement. Churchill understood that Hitler was the implacable enemy of peace - and Britain - but Chamberlain and Wilson were terrified that any display of firmness would provoke him. For the first time, Phillips brings to light how Wilson and Churchill had been enemies since an incident early in their careers, and how, eventually, opposing Churchill became an end in itself. Featuring new revelations about the personalities involved and the shameful manipulations and betrayals that went into appeasement, including an attempt to buy Hitler off with a ruthless colonialist deal in Africa, Fighting Churchill, Appeasing Hitler shines a compelling and original light on one of the darkest hours in British diplomatic history. --
Author : John D. Fair
Publisher : University of Delaware Press
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Great Britain
ISBN : 0874134137
"Harold Temperley was a leading Cambridge diplomatic historian of the interwar period and Master of Peterhouse at the time of his death in 1939. This biography sheds new light on the development of the British historical profession and contributes to our understanding of Cambridge life in the early twentieth century. It focuses on how Temperley's work affected the larger worlds of intellectual life and international politics outside his college." "A basic premise of this study is that Temperley was influenced by spiritual factors, especially the romantic literature and cultures of eastern Europe. He also exhibited, from his Victorian upbringing, a great confidence in the rightness of his own country's liberal institutions (in the Gladstone-Acton mode), and constantly sought intervention in the realm of public affairs. Early chapters lay a basis for Temperley's moral worldview and show how he and other scholars of the Cambridge History School struggled over whether history should be valued "for its own sake" or whether it should be regarded as a "school for statesmanship."" "During World War I, Temperley entered the active life. After brief service in Gallipoli he was assigned to the War Office, where he gathered intelligence on the Balkans and daily influenced British policy through his knowledge of that area and his ability to get on with the right people. At the end of the war he served as an "agent on mission" in southeastern Europe and was a member of the British delegation at the Paris Peace Conference. Vehemently anti-Italian, Temperley was instrumental in frustrating Italian Irredentist aims along the eastern Adriatic. Later he represented Britain on the Albanian boundary commission and served as a special advisor to A. J. Balfour with Britain's League of Nations delegation in Geneva in 1921." "Between the wars Temperley continued to mingle with persons in the highest echelons of government and academic affairs throughout Britain, Europe, and America. He gained notoriety for his compilation (with G. P. Gooch) of British Documents on the Origins of the War. This tempestuous story adds substantially to U. F. G. Eyck's biography of Gooch. Temperley also initiated The (Cambridge) Historical Journal and wrote a textbook (with A. J. Grant) entitled Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, which is still used in many British educational institutions. His most famous pupil was Herbert Butterfield, whose seminal idea and book, The Whig Interpretation of History, was influenced by continuous contacts with his mentor at Peterhouse." "As president of the International Historical Congress as well as through a continuous outpouring of scholarly works, Temperley was an influential figure in the historical profession in the 1930s. However, his greatest influence occurred in the public realm when Neville Chamberlain read Temperley's book The Foreign Policy of Canning as he was formulating plans for a settlement of the Czechoslovakian problem in 1938. This work created an appealing historical parallel between George Canning's ideas in the 1820s and his own approach to Hitler, and it had a definite impact on Chamberlain's conduct during the Munich crisis."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Author : Glyn Stone
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer Ltd
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Great Britain
ISBN : 0861932277
Well-crafted, eloquently written, and its arguments about the primacy of strategy in British diplomatic thinking compelling. Breaks new historiographical ground. ALBION An account of British/Portuguese diplomatic relations between 1936 and 1941.
Author : Patrick J. Buchanan
Publisher : Forum Books
Page : 546 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2009-07-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9780307405166
Were World Wars I and II inevitable? Were they necessary wars? Or were they products of calamitous failures of judgment? In this monumental and provocative history, Patrick Buchanan makes the case that, if not for the blunders of British statesmen– Winston Churchill first among them–the horrors of two world wars and the Holocaust might have been avoided and the British Empire might never have collapsed into ruins. Half a century of murderous oppression of scores of millions under the iron boot of Communist tyranny might never have happened, and Europe’s central role in world affairs might have been sustained for many generations. Among the British and Churchillian errors were: • The secret decision of a tiny cabal in the inner Cabinet in 1906 to take Britain straight to war against Germany, should she invade France • The vengeful Treaty of Versailles that mutilated Germany, leaving her bitter, betrayed, and receptive to the appeal of Adolf Hitler • Britain’s capitulation, at Churchill’s urging, to American pressure to sever the Anglo-Japanese alliance, insulting and isolating Japan, pushing her onto the path of militarism and conquest • The greatest mistake in British history: the unsolicited war guarantee to Poland of March 1939, ensuring the Second World War Certain to create controversy and spirited argument, Churchill, Hitler, and “the Unnecessary War” is a grand and bold insight into the historic failures of judgment that ended centuries of European rule and guaranteed a future no one who lived in that vanished world could ever have envisioned.
Author : P. E. Caquet
Publisher : Other Press, LLC
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2019-09-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9781590510520
Drawing on a wealth of previously unexamined material, this staggering account sheds new light on the Allies’ responsibility for a landmark agreement that had dire consequences. On returning from Germany on September 30, 1938, after signing an agreement with Hitler on the carve-up of Czechoslovakia, Neville Chamberlain addressed the British crowds: “My good friends…I believe it is peace for our time. We thank you from the bottom of our hearts. Go home and get a nice quiet sleep.” Winston Churchill rejoined: “You have chosen dishonor and you will have war.” P. E. Caquet’s history of the events leading to the Munich Agreement and its aftermath is told for the first time from the point of view of the peoples of Czechoslovakia. Basing his work on previously unexamined sources, including press, memoirs, private journals, army plans, cabinet records, and radio, Caquet presents one of the most shameful episodes in modern European history. Among his most explosive revelations is the strength of the French and Czechoslovak forces before Munich; Germany’s dominance turns out to have been an illusion. The case for appeasement never existed. The result is a nail-biting story of diplomatic intrigue, perhaps the nearest thing to a morality play that history ever furnishes. The Czechoslovak authorities were Cassandras in their own country, the only ones who could see Hitler’s threat for what it was, and appeasement as the disaster it proved to be. In Caquet’s devastating account, their doomed struggle against extinction and the complacency of their notional allies finally gets the memorial it deserves.
Author : Ritchie Ovendale
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1998-10-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781349269921
A critique of Anglo-American relations in the twentieth century in the light of the most recent research. It challenges many existing interpretations and argues that the basis of the Anglo-American special relationship was laid by Roosevelt and Chamberlain, that Roosevelt preferred Stalin to Churchill, and that the origins of the Cold War should be seen as a British education of the Americans to the Soviet threat. Suez is reassessed following the recent release of material in the Eisenhower Library. There is a consideration of the relationship of 'mutual interdependence' and why Wilson and Heath chose to move instead towards the European connection, as well as Mrs Thatcher's reasons for preferring the Atlantic alliance.
Author : Justus D. Doenecke,John E. Wilz
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2015-09-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781118952306
The new edition of this popular and widely-used American history textbook has been thoroughly updated to include a wealth of new scholarship on American diplomacy in the decade leading up to Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor. Features new material on the Washington Conference of 1921-22, early American diplomacy in the Manchurian crisis, the Panay incident, Russia’s invasion of Finland, the destroyer-bases deal, and much more Pays particular attention to Roosevelt’s policies towards Jewish refugees, the battle between domestic groups like the America First Committee and Fight for Freedom, and the Welles mission of 1940 Includes concise biographical sketches of major world leaders, including Hoover, FDR, Churchill, Hitler, Stalin, Mussolini, and Tojo Outlines and examines the debates of historians over the wisdom of U.S. policies