Urban Airborne Particulate Matter

Author : Fathi Zereini,Clare L. S. Wiseman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2011-02-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642122781

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Urban Airborne Particulate Matter by Fathi Zereini,Clare L. S. Wiseman Pdf

This book presents the most up-to-date research and information regarding the origin, chemistry, fate and health impacts of airborne particulate matter in urban areas, a topic which has received a great deal of attention in recent years due to documented relationships between exposure and health effects such as asthma. With internationally recognised researchers and academics presenting their work and key concepts and approaches from a variety of disciplines, including environmental and analytical chemistry, biology, toxicology, mineralogy and the geosciences, this book addresses the topic of urban airborne particulate matter in a comprehensive, multidisciplinary manner. Topics and research addressed in the book range from common methodological approaches used to sample and analyse the composition of airborne particulates to our knowledge regarding their potential to impact human health and the various policy approaches taken internationally to regulate particulate matter levels.

Author : Saurabh Sonwani,Anuradha Shukla
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811653872

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Airborne Particulate Matter by Saurabh Sonwani,Anuradha Shukla Pdf

This book is about airborne particulate matter, sources, chemistry and health and contained a complete information about their emission source, transport, atmospheric chemistry, distribution at local, regional and global levels, and their level in indoor and outdoor settings. Primary and secondary particulate matters in the ambient atmosphere also describe in detail. Analytical techniques, statistical tools and mathematical models used in airborne particulate research is also described. This book also covers the important aspects of the particulate matter chemistry in atmosphere, and their adverse impact on plant and human health. A detailed insight about the harmful impact of airborne particulate matter (biogenic and anthropogenic both) on different human system is described in detail. The toxicological significance of particulate matter on human body was also mentioned. The mitigation, management and regulatory policies to control ambient particulate matter is also provided. This book is also written in simple language with helpful photographs, diagrams, tables and flowcharts which will make the reader comfortable in understanding the concepts a more relatively easier way. Overall, the present book is a valuable tool for students working in the fields of Atmospheric Science, Environmental Science, Biological Sciences, Epidemiology and Agriculture Science. This book also a unique resource for environmental consultants, researchers, policymakers and other professionals involved in air quality, plant and human health.

Author : Ron Hester,Roy Harrison
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781782624912

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Airborne Particulate Matter by Ron Hester,Roy Harrison Pdf

Examining sources of particles in the atmosphere and their impact on human health, this is an important reference for policymakers and academics working in pollution.

Author : Quality of Urban Air Review Group
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Science
ISBN : IND:30000112597590

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Airborne Particulate Matter in the United Kingdom by Quality of Urban Air Review Group Pdf

Author : Robert F. Phalen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2007-05-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306482083

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The Particulate Air Pollution Controversy by Robert F. Phalen Pdf

Small invisible particles in the urban air, especially those produced by human activities, have recently stimulated intense scrutiny, debate, regulation, and legal proceedings. The stakes are high, both with respect to health impacts and economic costs, and the methods used previously to resolve similar issues are no longer adequate. Everyone on earth inhales thousands to millions of particles in each breath, so if urban particulate air pollution—particulate matter (PM)—is significantly hazardous, the negative impact on health could be staggering. Yet the activities that generate PM, such as farming, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and generating electricity, are themselves essential to human health and welfare. Scientists, regulators, legislators, activists, judges, lawyers, journalists, and representatives of the business community are actively involved in addressing the question of what should be done. This complex issue presents opportunities for critically assessing the relevant knowledge and for adopting more rigorous approaches to this and similar problems. What is the PM controversy, and why is it a good case study for how science and public policy might better interface? The PM controversy is the sum of the frequently heated debates related to the potential health risks from urban PM.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2004-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309166287

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Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter Pdf

In 1997, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established regulatory standards to address health risks posed by inhaling tiny particles from smoke, vehicle exhaust, and other sources. At the same time, Congress and the EPA began a multimillion dollar research effort to better understand the sources of these airborne particles, the levels of exposure to people, and the ways that these particles cause disease. To provide independent guidance to the EPA, Congress asked the National Research Council to study the relevant issues. The result was a series of four reports on the particulate-matter research program. The first two books offered a conceptual framework for a national research program, identified the 10 most critical research needs, and described the recommended timing and estimated costs of such research. The third volume began the task of assessing initial progress made in implementing the research program. This, the fourth and final volume, gauged research progress made over a 5-year period on each of the 10 research topics. The National Research Council concludes that particulate matter research has led to a better understanding of the health effects caused by tiny airborne particles. However, the EPA, in concert with other agencies, should continue research to reduce further uncertainties and inform long-term decisions.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2001-06-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309171180

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Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter Pdf

Regulatory standards are already on the books at the the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to address health risks posed by inhaling tiny particles from smoke, vehicle exhaust, and other sources. At the same time, Congress and EPA have initiated a multimillion dollar research effort to better understand the sources of these airborne particles, the levels of exposure to people, and the ways that these particles cause damage. To provide independent guidance to the EPA, Congress asked the National Research Council to study the relevant issues. The result is a series of four reports on the particulate-matter research program. The first two books offered a conceptual framework for a national research program, identified the 10 most critical research needs, and described the recommended timing and estimated costs of such research. This, the third volume, begins the task of assessing the progress made in implementing the research program. The National Research Council ultimately concludes that the ongoing program is appropriately addressing many of the key uncertainties. However, it also identifies a number of critical specific subjects that should be given greater attention. Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter focuses on the most current and planned research projects with an eye toward the fourth and final report, which will contain an updated assessment.

Author : Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Commission on Life Sciences,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1998-05-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309591928

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Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter by Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Commission on Life Sciences,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council Pdf

New National Ambient Air Quality Standards for airborne particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers, called PM2.5, were issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) amidst scientific uncertainty and controversy. In response to a request from Congress, Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter, the first of four books in a series, offers a conceptual framework for an integrated national program of particulate-matter research, identifies the 10 most critical research needs linked to key policy-related scientific uncertainties, and describes the recommended timing and estimated costs of such research. The committee concludes that EPA should devote more resources to investigating the relationships between fixed-site outdoor monitoring data and actual human breathing-zone exposures to ambient particulate matter and to identifying the most biologically important constituents and characteristics of particulate matter through toxicological studies. The recommended research activities are critical to determining actual exposures of human subpopulations most susceptible to harm from the most hazardous constituents of particulate matter. Future research will be an investment in public health and a means to ensure that resources spent on control technology and regulatory compliance will have a reasonable probability of success.

Author : Henrik Knudsen,Niels Rasmussen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2011-10
Category : Air
ISBN : 1614709483

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Particulate Matter by Henrik Knudsen,Niels Rasmussen Pdf

Particulate matter are fine particles, and soot, which are tiny subdivisions of solid matter suspended in a gas or liquid. Sources of particulate matter can be man-made or natural. Air pollution and water pollution can take the form of solid particulate matter, or be dissolved. In this book, the authors gather and present topical research in the study of the sources, emission rates and health effects of particulate matter. Topics discussed include particles and aerosols in the indoor environment; airborne particulate pollution in a tropical urban environment; particulate matter originating from mining-metallurgical processes; non-respiratory health hazards of particulate matter; possible effects of ambient air pollution in male reproduction and satellite remote sensing of atmospheric particulate matter.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2004-11-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309091992

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Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter Pdf

In 1997, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established regulatory standards to address health risks posed by inhaling tiny particles from smoke, vehicle exhaust, and other sources. At the same time, Congress and the EPA began a multimillion dollar research effort to better understand the sources of these airborne particles, the levels of exposure to people, and the ways that these particles cause disease. To provide independent guidance to the EPA, Congress asked the National Research Council to study the relevant issues. The result was a series of four reports on the particulate-matter research program. The first two books offered a conceptual framework for a national research program, identified the 10 most critical research needs, and described the recommended timing and estimated costs of such research. The third volume began the task of assessing initial progress made in implementing the research program. This, the fourth and final volume, gauged research progress made over a 5-year period on each of the 10 research topics. The National Research Council concludes that particulate matter research has led to a better understanding of the health effects caused by tiny airborne particles. However, the EPA, in concert with other agencies, should continue research to reduce further uncertainties and inform long-term decisions.

Author : Peter H. McMurry,Marjorie F. Shepherd,James S. Vickery
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2004-11-29
Category : Law
ISBN : 0521842875

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Particulate Matter Science for Policy Makers by Peter H. McMurry,Marjorie F. Shepherd,James S. Vickery Pdf

Particulate Matter Science for Policy Makers: A NARSTO Assessment was commissioned by NARSTO, a cooperative public-private sector organization of Canada, Mexico and the United States. It is a concise and comprehensive discussion of the current understanding by atmospheric scientists of airborne particulate matter (PM). Its goal is to provide policy makers who implement air-quality standards with this relevant and needed scientific information. The primary audience for this volume will be regulators, scientists, and members of industry, all of whom have a stake in effective PM management. It will also inform exposure and health scientists, who investigate causal hypotheses of health impacts, characterize exposure, and conduct epidemiological and toxicological studies.

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2001-07-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309073370

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Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter by National Research Council,Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter Pdf

Regulatory standards are already on the books at the the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to address health risks posed by inhaling tiny particles from smoke, vehicle exhaust, and other sources. At the same time, Congress and EPA have initiated a multimillion dollar research effort to better understand the sources of these airborne particles, the levels of exposure to people, and the ways that these particles cause damage. To provide independent guidance to the EPA, Congress asked the National Research Council to study the relevant issues. The result is a series of four reports on the particulate-matter research program. The first two books offered a conceptual framework for a national research program, identified the 10 most critical research needs, and described the recommended timing and estimated costs of such research. This, the third volume, begins the task of assessing the progress made in implementing the research program. The National Research Council ultimately concludes that the ongoing program is appropriately addressing many of the key uncertainties. However, it also identifies a number of critical specific subjects that should be given greater attention. Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter focuses on the most current and planned research projects with an eye toward the fourth and final report, which will contain an updated assessment.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1999-10-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309066389

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Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter Pdf

In the effort to reduce the scientific and technical uncertainties over regulation of airborne particulate matter in the United States, Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter: II. Evaluating Research Progress and Updating the Portfolio, the second book in a four-part series requested by Congress, describes the plans of the committee to monitor the progress of the research on particulate matter conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), other federal and state government agencies, and nongovernmental organizations. The book also reviews and updates the committee's portfolio of recommended research in its first volume, Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter: I. Immediate Priorities and a Long-Range Research Portfolio (NRC, 1998). The committee substantially revised two of the ten high-priority research areas recommended in Part I. Part II notes that Congress, EPA, and the scientific community have given strong support to the committee's recommendations and have implemented substantial changes in research efforts in response to Part I of the series. One important research area-studies of the effects of long-term exposure to particulate matter and other major air pollutants-however, does not appear to be underway or planned.

Author : Fulvio Amato
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128117514

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Non-Exhaust Emissions by Fulvio Amato Pdf

Non-Exhaust Emissions: An Urban Air Quality Problem for Public Health comprehensively summarizes the most recent research in the field, also giving guidance on research gaps and future needs to evaluate the health impact and possible remediation of non-exhaust particle emissions. With contributions from some of the major experts and stakeholders in air quality, this book comprehensively defines the state-of-the-art of current knowledge, gaps and future needs for a better understanding of particulate matter (PM) emissions, from non-exhaust sources of road traffic to improve public health. PM is a heterogeneous mix of chemical elements and sources, with road traffic being the major source in large cities. A significant part of these emissions come from non-exhaust processes, such as brake, tire, road wear, and road dust resuspension. While motor exhaust emissions have been successfully reduced by means of regulation, non-exhaust emissions are currently uncontrolled and their importance is destined to increase and become the dominant urban source of particle matter by 2020. Nevertheless, current knowledge on the non-exhaust emissions is still limited. This is an essential book to researchers and advanced students from a broad range of disciplines, such as public health, toxicology, atmospheric sciences, environmental sciences, atmospheric chemistry and physics, geochemistry, epidemiology, built environment, road and vehicle engineering, and city planning. In addition, European and local authorities responsible for air quality and those in the industrial sectors related to vehicle and brake manufacturing and technological remediation measures will also find the book valuable. Acts as the first book to explore the health impacts of non-exhaust emissions Authored by experts from several sectors, including academia, industry and policy Gathers the relevant body of literature and information, defining the current knowledge, gaps and future needs

Author : Lidia Morawska,Tunga Salthammer
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 467 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2006-12-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527609208

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Indoor Environment by Lidia Morawska,Tunga Salthammer Pdf

Covering the fundamentals of air-borne particles and settled dust in the indoor environment, this handy reference investigates: * relevant definitions and terminology, * characteristics, * sources, * sampling techniques and instrumentation, * exposure assessment, * monitoring methods. The result is a useful and comprehensive overview for chemists, physicists and biologists, postgraduate students, medical practitioners, occupational health professionals, building owners and managers, building, construction and air-conditioning engineers, architects, environmental lawyers, government and regulatory professionals.