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Author : Carl B. Estabrook Publisher : Manchester University Press Page : 344 pages File Size : 54,5 Mb Release : 1998 Category : History ISBN : 0719053196
Urbane and Rustic England by Carl B. Estabrook Pdf
The rapid growth and renewed vitality of English cities and towns in the century after 1660 was remarkable. But what was the effect of this urban renaissance on villages and those ordinary people whose roots were in the countryside?
Urbane and Rustic England by Carl B. Estabrook Pdf
It is a commonplace of early modern English history to note the vast gulf that separated the city from the countryside. Rural visitors to cities felt distinctly out of place, often suffered unpleasant experiences, and were the subject of much urban comedy. Drawn by the reputed beauty and salubrity of rural settings, affluent city dwellers sometimes purchased country estates or retreats, but these people energetically maintained their principal social and cultural ties within urban networks. The persistence of such a gulf, however, is surprising in a period (after the Restoration of 1660) often described in terms of an “English urban renaissance”—an economically oriented depiction that has assumed that revived cities and towns became expanding spheres of influence, diffusing urban values in the countryside, and promoting widespread interaction between urban dwellers and villagers and rustics. This study systematically reexamines urban-rural interaction in this period within the Bristol area, to see whether rural life was indeed rapidly transformed in some imitative fashion by urban economic, social, and cultural influences. The author’s conclusion, to the contrary, is that the urban-rural gulf persisted quite strongly for nearly a century following the Restoration. He argues that despite growing economic ties and demographic forces that linked town and countryside, cultural factors remained highly salient, keeping the urban-rural divide a crucial one in everyday lives and self-perception. Villagers near the revived and growing cities actively and consciously resisted the encroachment of urban society and culture in ways that shaped family formation, apprenticeship migration, the consumption of goods, the regulation of community boundaries, the development of printing and the spread of information in the provinces, acts of collective protest, and the influence of religious groups. The author shows that the defense of privilege by local civic authorities and the persistence of the Anglican parochial system, which featured highly localized institutions sustained by the established church, actually formed a strong and durable wedge between urban and rural communities.
Social Relations and Urban Space by Fiona Williamson Pdf
This is a book about seventeenth-century Norwich and its inhabitants. At its core are the interconnected themes of social topographies and the relationships between urban inhabitants and their environment. Cityscapes were, and are, shaped and given meaning during the practice of people's lived experiences. In return, those same urban places lend human interactions depth and quality. Social Relations and Urban Space uncovers manifold possible landscapes, including those belonging to the rich and to the poor, to men, to women, to 'strangers and foreigners', to political actors of both formal and informal means. Norwich's inhabitants witnessed the tumultuous seventeenth centuryat first hand, and their experiences were written into the landscape and immortalised in its exemplary surviving records. This book offers an insight into the social relationships and topographies that fashioned both city life and landscape and serves as a useful counterpoise in a field that has largely focused on London. FIONA WILLIAMSON is currently Senior Lecturer in History at the National University of Malaysia.
The Origins of the Consumer Revolution in England by Joanne Sear,Ken Sneath Pdf
The Origins of the Consumer Revolution in England explores the rise of consumerism from the end of the medieval period through to the beginning of the nineteenth century. The book takes a detailed look at when the 'consumer revolution' began, tracing its evolution from the years following the Black Death through to the nineteenth century. In doing so, it also considers which social classes were included, and how different areas of the country were affected at different times, examining the significant role that location played in the development of consumption. This new study is based upon the largest database of English probate records yet assembled, which has been used in conjunction with a range of other sources to offer a broad and detailed chronological approach. Filling in the gaps within previous research, it examines changing patterns in relation to food and drink, clothing, household furnishings and religion, focussing on the goods themselves to illuminate items in common ownership, rather than those owned only by the elite. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative evidence to explore the development of consumption, The Origins of the Consumer Revolution in England will be of great use to scholars and students of late medieval and early modern economic and social history, with an interest in the development of consumerism in England.
Author : Paul Musselwhite Publisher : University of Chicago Press Page : 354 pages File Size : 45,6 Mb Release : 2018-12-21 Category : History ISBN : 9780226585284
Urban Dreams, Rural Commonwealth by Paul Musselwhite Pdf
The English settlers who staked their claims in the Chesapeake Bay were drawn to it for a variety of reasons. Some sought wealth from the land, while others saw it as a place of trade, a political experiment, or a potential spiritual sanctuary. But like other European colonizers in the Americas, they all aspired to found, organize, and maintain functioning towns—an aspiration that met with varying degrees of success, but mostly failure. Yet this failure became critical to the economy and society that did arise there. As Urban Dreams, Rural Commonwealth reveals, the agrarian plantation society that eventually sprang up around the Chesapeake Bay was not preordained—rather, it was the necessary product of failed attempts to build cities. Paul Musselwhite details the unsuccessful urban development that defined the region from the seventeenth century through the Civil War, showing how places like Jamestown and Annapolis—despite their small size—were the products of ambitious and cutting-edge experiments in urbanization comparable to those in the largest port cities of the Atlantic world. These experiments, though, stoked ongoing debate about commerce, taxation, and self-government. Chesapeake planters responded to this debate by reinforcing the political, economic, and cultural authority of their private plantation estates, with profound consequences for the region’s laborers and the political ideology of the southern United States. As Musselwhite makes clear, the antebellum economy around this well-known waterway was built not in the absence of cities, but upon their aspirational wreckage.
New Directions in Urban History by Peter Borsay, Ruth-Elisabeth Mohrmann, Gunther Hirschfelder Pdf
This volume introduces, through a series of freshly researched studies, new perspectives on the history of European urban culture from the eighteenth to the twentieth century. The approach is an international one, with essays on Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Great Britain and Italy, and the authors drawn not only from Europe, but also the USA and Japan. The essays examine a range of specialist aspects of culture, such as gardening, spa towns, painting, and music. At the same time the contributors also explore jointly several broader interconnected themes - health, nature, the arts and cultural institutions, leisure, and tourism - of central importance to the cultural identity and development of the modern European town.
Author : Ingrid H. Tague Publisher : Penn State Press Page : 422 pages File Size : 45,5 Mb Release : 2015-06-17 Category : History ISBN : 9780271067407
Animal Companions explores how eighteenth-century British society perceived pets and the ways in which conversation about them reflected and shaped broader cultural debates. While Europeans kept pets long before the eighteenth century, many believed that doing so was at best frivolous and at worst downright dangerous. Ingrid Tague argues that for Britons of the eighteenth century, pets offered a unique way to articulate what it meant to be human and what society ought to look like. With the dawn of the Enlightenment and the end of the Malthusian cycle of dearth and famine that marked previous eras, England became the wealthiest nation in Europe, with a new understanding of religion, science, and non-European cultures and unprecedented access to consumer goods of all kinds. These transformations generated excitement and anxiety that were reflected in debates over the rights and wrongs of human-animal relationships. Drawing on a broad array of sources, including natural histories, periodicals, visual and material culture, and the testimony of pet owners themselves, Animal Companions shows how pets became both increasingly visible indicators of spreading prosperity and catalysts for debates about the morality of the radically different society emerging in eighteenth-century Britain.
Spaces of Consumption by Jon Stobart,Andrew Hann,Victoria Morgan Pdf
Consumption is well established as a key theme in the study of the eighteenth century. Spaces of Consumption brings a new dimension to this subject by looking at it spatially. Taking English towns as its scene, this inspiring study focuses on moments of consumption – selecting and purchasing goods, attending plays, promenading – and explores the ways in which these were related together through the spaces of the town: the shop, the theatre and the street. Using this fresh form of analysis, it has much to say about sociability, politeness and respectability in the eighteenth century.
Production and Consumption in English Households 1600-1750 by Darron Dean,Andrew Hann,Mark Overton,Jane Whittle Pdf
This economic, social and cultural analysis of the nature and variety of production and consumption activities in households in Kent and Cornwall yields important new insights on the transition to capitalism in England.
"This book has much to offer second- and third-year undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers in economic, social and urban history, and historical geography."--Jacket.
Structures and Transformations in Modern British History by David Feldman,Jon Lawrence Pdf
This major collection of essays challenges many of our preconceptions about British political and social history from the late eighteenth century to the present. Inspired by the work of Gareth Stedman Jones, twelve leading scholars explore both the long-term structures - social, political and intellectual - of modern British history, and the forces that have transformed those structures at key moments. The result is a series of insightful, original essays presenting new research within a broad historical context. Subjects covered include the consequences of rapid demographic change in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; the forces shaping transnational networks, especially those between Britain and its empire; and the recurrent problem of how we connect cultural politics to social change. An introductory essay situates Stedman Jones's work within the broader historiographical trends of the past thirty years, drawing important conclusions about new directions for scholarship in the twenty-first century.
The Rise of the English Town, 1650-1850 by Christopher Chalklin Pdf
This volume examines the growth and development of English towns when the proportion of the population living in towns rose from a sixth to a half. Chalklin surveys the demography, economy and social structure of market and county towns.
This study argues that businesswomen were central to urban society and to the operation and development of commerce in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. It presents a rich and complicated picture of lower-middling life and female enterprise in three northern English towns: Manchester, Leeds, and Sheffield. The stories told by a wide range of sources - including trade directories, newspaper advertisements, court records, correspondence, and diaries - demonstrate the very differing fortunes and levels of independence that individual businesswomen enjoyed. Yet, as a group, their involvement in the economic life of towns and, in particular, the manner in which they exploited and facilitated commercial development, force us to reassess our understanding of both gender relations and urban culture in late Georgian England. In contrast to the traditional historical consensus that the independent woman of business during this period - particularly those engaged in occupations deemed 'unfeminine' - was insignificant and no more than an oddity, businesswomen are presented here not as footnotes to the main narrative, but as central characters in a story of unprecedented social and economic transformation. The book reveals a complex picture of female participation in business. It shows that factors traditionally thought to discriminate against women's commercial activity - particularly property laws and ideas about gender and respectability - did have significant impacts upon female enterprise. Yet it is also evident that women were not automatically economically or socially marginalized as a result. The woman of business might be subject to various constraints, but at the same time, she could be blessed with a number of freedoms, and a degree of independence that set her apart from most other women - and many men - in late Georgian society.