Use Of Untreated Wastewater In Peri Urban Agriculture In Pakistan

Author : Jeroen H.J. Ensink,Wim van der Hoek,Yutaka Matsuno,Sarfraz Munir,M. Rizwan Aslam
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Irrigation farming
ISBN : 9789290905035

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Use of Untreated Wastewater in Peri-urban Agriculture in Pakistan by Jeroen H.J. Ensink,Wim van der Hoek,Yutaka Matsuno,Sarfraz Munir,M. Rizwan Aslam Pdf

The practice of using untreated wastewater for irrigation is widespread but has been largely ignored because the norm has always been that wastewater should be treated before use. Increasing water scarcity, lack of money for treatment and a clear willingness by farmers to use untreated wastewater have led to an uncontrolled expansion of wastewater use. It is therefore important to better document the practice of irrigation with untreated wastewater in order to find out how it can be improved within the financial possibilities of very low-income countries.

Author : Wim van der Hoek,Mehmood Ul Hassan,Jeroen H. J. Ensink,Sabiena Feenstra,Liqa Raschid-Sally,Sarfraz Munir,Rizwan Aslam,Nazim Ali,Raheela Hussain,Yutaka Matsuno
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Irrigation farming
ISBN : 9789290905042

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Urban Wastewater by Wim van der Hoek,Mehmood Ul Hassan,Jeroen H. J. Ensink,Sabiena Feenstra,Liqa Raschid-Sally,Sarfraz Munir,Rizwan Aslam,Nazim Ali,Raheela Hussain,Yutaka Matsuno Pdf

Farming communities in water-scarce regions increasingly practice the use of urban wastewater in agriculture. Untreated urban wastewater is generally considered unacceptable for direct use because of potential health risks. However, in many parts of the world, poor farmers in peri-urban areas use untreated wastewater. This situation is considered likely to continue even in the foreseeable future due to the high investment cost associated with the installation of treatment facilities.

Author : Raschid-Sally, L., Jayakody, P.
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 39 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Sewage irrigation
ISBN : 9789290906988

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Drivers and characteristics of wastewater agriculture in developing countries: results from a global assessment by Raschid-Sally, L., Jayakody, P. Pdf

In 4 out of 5 cities in developing countries, wastewater is used to cultivate perishable crops for urban markets. Such practices create a health risk but provide important livelihood benefits. This study through an analysis of 53 cities in developing countries, contributes to understanding the factors that drive wastewater use. The main drivers are (1) increasing urban water demand without wastewater treatment causing pollution of irrigation water sources; (2) urban food demand favoring agriculture close to cities where water sources are polluted; and (3) lack of cheaper, similarly reliable or safer water sources. Poverty, which constrains the infrastructure needs of urbanization, is an added factor. The study makes policy recommendations stressing on, effectively applying the WHO guidelines, linking investments in water supply with sanitation for maximum beneficial impact on water pollution, and involving actors at both the national and local level, for water quality improvements and health risk reduction

Author : Intizar Hussain,Liqa Raschid,,Munir A. Hanjra,Fuard Marikar,Wim van der Hoek
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Sewage irrigation
ISBN : 9789290904540

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A Framework for analyzing socioeconomic, health and environmental impacts of wastewater use in agriculture in developing countries by Intizar Hussain,Liqa Raschid,,Munir A. Hanjra,Fuard Marikar,Wim van der Hoek Pdf

This paper presents an approach for analyzing the socioeconomic, health, and environmental aspects of urban wastewater use in peri-urban agriculture, using typical characteristics of a major city in a developing country. Peri-urban area of Faisalabad is chosen to represent this context.

Author : International Development Research Centre (Canada)
Publisher : IDRC
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2014-05-14
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781552502167

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Cities Farming for the Future by International Development Research Centre (Canada) Pdf

Author : Tamim Younos,Tammy E. Parece
Publisher : Springer
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2016-05-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319293370

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Sustainable Water Management in Urban Environments by Tamim Younos,Tammy E. Parece Pdf

This volume focuses on practical aspects of sustainable water management in urban areas and presents a discussion of key concepts, methodologies, and case studies of innovative and evolving technologies. Topics include: (1) challenges in urban water resiliency; (2) water and energy nexus; (3) integrated urban water management; and (4) water reuse options (black water, gray water, rainwater). This volume serves as a useful reference for students and researchers involved in holistic approaches to water management, and as a valuable guide to experts in governmental agencies as well as planners and engineers concerned with sustainable water management systems in urban environments.

Author : Paulos Chanie
Publisher : African Books Collective
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2014-04-02
Category : Water resources development
ISBN : 9789994455775

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Innovative Water Resource Use and Management for Poverty Reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Anthology by Paulos Chanie Pdf

Like in many parts of the world, water resources in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have been pivotal for human survival, economic growth, social development, and practicing certain religion and cultural ethos. However, in spite of the intrinsic values of water, its use and management in sub-Saharan Africa has not been without limitations. The demand for water resources is increasing mainly due to rapid population growth, industrialization and urbanization and dealing with water-related issues has been complex and challenging for sustainable growth. Whilst there are various efforts by national governments, non-government organizations and communities to effectively and efficiently utilize and manage water resources, there are few comprehensive studies in sub- Saharan Africa that show the impact of the efforts on poverty reduction. Although certain reports indicate that many SSA countries lack clear vision on how water use can be harnessed with pro-poor growth and how poor communities can be capacitated to use water for poverty reduction, there are little exhaustive studies that clearly show familiar and innovative water use and management interventions followed by communities, national governments and other stakeholders, and demonstrate the challenges and successes of the same. Cognizant of the knowledge gap, in 2012 OSSREA launched a research project on ordinary and innovative water use and management patterns and practices in SSA, with a view to generate new knowledge on unexploited opportunities that could enhance the contribution of water resources to poverty reduction. This anthology documents various issues including water use and management in agriculture especially in irrigation projects in Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda and Zimbabwe; water harvesting in Kenya and Uganda; the role of local water use institutions in Ethiopia; and water source maintenance and protection in Uganda.

Author : Ganesh Keremane
Publisher : Springer
Page : 117 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2017-05-09
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319550565

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Governance of Urban Wastewater Reuse for Agriculture by Ganesh Keremane Pdf

This book presents a conceptual and practical tool for those involved directly or indirectly in the planning and management of basic provision of water supply, wastewater and stormwater services in metropolitan regions by offering insights into governance paradigms and institutional arrangements for urban wastewater reuse in agriculture from Australia and India. Instead of focusing on the technical aspects of designing and building infrastructure, it provides a better understanding of the institutional and governance challenges of managing urban wastewater, particularly for reuse in agriculture. As water supplies fall and water stress increases in many areas, the potential of wastewater as a resource is being widely recognized. Today, wastewater (re)use has become an attractive option for conserving and expanding available water supplies. While wastewater (re)use can have many applications, its use in agriculture is the most established, and the one with the longest tradition. Given the growing competition for freshwater from industry and cities, without doubt there is going to be a rapid increase in the global use of treated wastewater, making improved wastewater use in agriculture an emerging priority. Even though it is a vast resource if we reclaim it properly, often most wastewater is wasted. Therefore, in order to realize the full potential of this resource, decision support in policy design and implementation (Institutions and Governance) is key. Institutions and governance frameworks need to provide for the rights of access, rights of ownership, rights to manage source and treated water and the obligations of final use of recycling operations.

Author : Pay Drechsel,Manzoor Qadir,Dennis Wichelns
Publisher : Springer
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2015-03-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401795456

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Wastewater by Pay Drechsel,Manzoor Qadir,Dennis Wichelns Pdf

The books provides a timely analysis in support of a paradigm shift in the field of wastewater management, from ‘treatment for disposal’ to ‘treatment for reuse’ by offering a variety of value propositions for water, nutrient and energy recovery which can support cost savings, cost recovery, and profits, in a sector that traditionally relies on public funding. The book provides new insights into the economics of wastewater use, applicable to developed and developing countries striving to transform wastewater from an unpleasant liability to a valuable asset and recasting urbanization from a daunting challenge into a resource recovery opportunity. “It requires business thinking to transform septage and sewage into valuable products. A must read for water scholars, policy makers, practitioners, and entrepreneurs". Guy Hutton, Senior Economist, Water and Sanitation Program, Water Global Practice, World Bank “This book provides compelling evidence and real solutions for the new ‘resource from waste’ approach that is transforming sanitation, boosting livelihoods, and strengthening urban resilience”. Christopher Scott, Professor and Distinguished Scholar, University of Arizona “This book shows how innovative business thinking and partnerships around resource recovery and reuse fit well within an inclusive green economy and climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies”. Akiça Bahri, Coordinator of the African Water Facility, Tunisia, and award-winning researcher

Author : Jagdish Chander Dagar,Rajender Kumar Yadav,Parbodh Chander Sharma
Publisher : Springer
Page : 926 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2019-06-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811358326

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Research Developments in Saline Agriculture by Jagdish Chander Dagar,Rajender Kumar Yadav,Parbodh Chander Sharma Pdf

Soil and water salinity is a major challenge for the agricultural community and policy makers in terms of meeting the burgeoning population’s demand for food and other agricultural commodities. In coastal regions, climate change and sea level rise will aggravate the problem with more and more areas becoming saline due to intrusion of sea water. As such there is a pressing need for modern tools and innovative techniques for the identification of salty soils and poor-quality waters, crop production, soil reclamation and lowering the water table in waterlogged areas. Tackling next-generation problems such as contamination of soil and underground water due to fluoride and arsenic, as well as developing multi-stress tolerant crops is also a high priority. Further, techniques for domesticating halophytes, mangrove-based aquacultures, using seaweed cultures as agricultural crops and integrated farming systems need to be perfected. This book addresses all these aspects in detail, highlighting the diverse solutions to tackle the complex problem of salinity and waterlogging and safer management of poor-quality waters. With chapters written by leading experts, it is a valuable resource for researchers planning future investigations, policy makers, farmers and other stakeholders, and for students wanting insights into vital issues of environment.

Author : Hiroshan Hettiarachchi,Reza Ardakanian
Publisher : Springer
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319742687

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Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture by Hiroshan Hettiarachchi,Reza Ardakanian Pdf

This book offers a broad and global level description of the current status of wastewater use in agriculture and then brings the readers to various places in the MENA Region and Europe to explain how some countries and regions have addressed the challenges during implementation. On a global scale, over 20 million hectares of agricultural land are irrigated using wastewater. This is one good, and perhaps the most prominent, example of the safe use potential of wastewater. Water scarcity and the cost of energy and fertilisers are among the main factors driving millions of farmers and other entrepreneurs to make use of wastewater. In order to address the technical, institutional, and policy challenges of safe water reuse, developing countries and countries in transition need clear institutional arrangements and more skilled human resources, with a sound understanding of the opportunities and potential risks of wastewater use. Stakeholders in wastewater irrigation who need to implement from scratch or improve current conditions, find it difficult to gather the necessary information on practical implementation aspects. The main objective of this book is to bridge that gap.

Author : Pay Drechsel
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781844077960

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Wastewater Irrigation and Health by Pay Drechsel Pdf

First Published in 2009. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : Mathew Kurian,Reza Ardakanian
Publisher : Springer
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2014-11-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319057477

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Governing the Nexus by Mathew Kurian,Reza Ardakanian Pdf

Global trends such as urbanization, demographic and climate change that are currently underway pose serious challenges to sustainable development and integrated resources management. The complex relations between demands, resource availability and quality and financial and physical constraints can be addressed by knowledge based policies and reform of professional practice. The nexus approach recognizes the urgent need for this knowledge and its interpretation in a policy- relevant setting that is guided by the understanding that there is a lack of blueprints for development based on integrated management of water, soil and waste resources in the Member States. Generation and application of knowledge is both a priority for individual but also institutional capacity development.

Author : Hicham Chatoui,Mohamed Merzouki,Hanane Moummou,Mounir Tilaoui,Nabila Saadaoui,Amina Brhich
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030939717

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Nutrition and Human Health by Hicham Chatoui,Mohamed Merzouki,Hanane Moummou,Mounir Tilaoui,Nabila Saadaoui,Amina Brhich Pdf

This book brings together innovative research that examines respectively climate change, agricultural production, environmental impacts, food security, nutrition and human health issues with regard to international policies as well as sustainable development goals. As sustainability continues to be a high concern in the scholarly community, food security has become a critical worldwide topic. Food supplies are challenged by factors such as toxicity, substandard food processes, difficulties in providing food to struggling populations and changes to the environment due to climate change egislation can protect public health, but law-makers must understand the current complications facing food security today. This book features a broad range of topics including ecotoxicology, smart food, and wastewater reuse impacts. The book aims to look at how we can protect and improve the health of vulnerable populations as well as innovative solutions to food insecurity. It is ideally designed for university students, from undergraduate to Ph.D. level, professors, researchers, professionals, environmentalists, physio-pathologists, medical doctors, epidemiologists, policies makers and sociologists.

Author : Mohammed K. Zaidi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2007-05-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402060274

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Wastewater Reuse - Risk Assessment, Decision-Making and Environmental Security by Mohammed K. Zaidi Pdf

This volume features the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop "Wastewater Reuse - Risk Assessment, Decision-Making and Environmental Security", held in Istanbul, Turkey, in October 2006. It contains 45 papers that cover the current situation of water management in the world and especially the Middle-east and Mediterranean regions, addressing some of the most difficult international conflicts.