Useful Fictions

Author : Michael Austin
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780803232976

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Useful Fictions by Michael Austin Pdf

"We tell ourselves stories in order to live," Joan Didion observed inThe White Album. Why is this? Michael Austin asks, inUseful Fictions. Why, in particular, are human beings, whose very survival depends on obtaining true information, so drawn to fictional narratives? After all, virtually every human culture reveres some form of storytelling. Might there be an evolutionary reason behind our species' need for stories? Drawing on evolutionary biology, anthropology, narrative theory, cognitive psychology, game theory, and evolutionary aesthetics, Austin develops the concept of a "useful fiction," a simple narrative that serves an adaptive function unrelated to its factual accuracy. In his work we see how these useful fictions play a key role in neutralizing the overwhelming anxiety that humans can experience as their minds gather and process information. Rudimentary narratives constructed for this purpose, Austin suggests, provided a cognitive scaffold that might have become the basis for our well-documented love of fictional stories. Written in clear, jargon-free prose and employing abundant literary examplesfrom the Bible toOne Thousand and One Arabian NightsandDon QuixotetoNo ExitAustin's work offers a new way of understanding the relationship between fiction and evolutionary processesand, perhaps, the very origins of literature.

Author : Jeremy Bentham,Charles Kay Ogden
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 0415225558

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Bentham's Theory of Fictions by Jeremy Bentham,Charles Kay Ogden Pdf

First Published in 2000. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : Frederick Bauer
Publisher : iUniverse
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2007-12
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780595450527

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Logical Fictions by Frederick Bauer Pdf

The media bombard us with claims that are often strange, unclear, and even upsetting. Quantum physicists claim that "vacuum nothingness" is not really nothing, because it teems with energy and virtual particles. Psychological research suggests that most of our neighbors suffer from some degree of mental disorder. Social scientists assure us that science itself is simply a cultural myth. Can anyone sort out fact from fiction in today's world? The answer, thankfully, is "Yes " But first, you must make a radical shift in your approach, because serious thinking about reality involves serious thinking about fiction, not only in your everyday mind, but also in the scholarly and technical realms. For anyone who has ever wondered-and you should wonder-whether there really are such things as government, society, the economy, or even marriage, the deeply philosophical and utterly practical Logical Fictions shows you how a solid grounding in logic and language can help you avoid getting trapped by the ideological fictions prevalent in today's sophisticated world. Consider yourself warned: humorous and filled with entertaining examples, this book will stretch your brain and provoke your thoughts. Your view of the world may never be the same.

Author : Urvashi Chakravarty
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2022-03-22
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780812298260

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Fictions of Consent by Urvashi Chakravarty Pdf

In Fictions of Consent Urvashi Chakravarty excavates the ideologies of slavery that took root in early modern England in the period that preceded the development of an organized trade in enslaved persons. Despite the persistent fiction that England was innocent of racialized slavery, Chakravarty argues that we must hold early modern England—and its narratives of exceptional and essential freedom—to account for the frameworks of slavery that it paradoxically but strategically engendered. Slavery was not a foreign or faraway phenomenon, she demonstrates; rather, the ideologies of slavery were seeded in the quotidian spaces of English life and in the everyday contexts of England's service society, from the family to the household, in the theater and, especially, the grammar school classroom, where the legacies of classical slavery and race were inherited and negotiated. The English conscripted the Roman freedman's figurative "stain of slavery" to register an immutable sign of bondage and to secure slavery to epidermal difference, even as early modern frameworks of "volitional service" provided the strategies for later fictions of "happy slavery" in the Atlantic world. Early modern texts presage the heritability of slavery in early America, reveal the embeddedness of slavery within the family, and illuminate the ways in which bloodlines of descent underwrite the racialized futures of enslavement. Fictions of Consent intervenes in a number of areas including early modern literary and cultural studies, premodern critical race studies, the reception of classical antiquity, and the histories of law, education, and labor to uncover the conceptual genealogies of slavery and servitude and to reveal the everyday sites where the foundations of racialized slavery were laid. Although early modern England claimed to have "too pure an Air for Slaves to breathe in," Chakravarty reveals slavery was a quintessentially English phenomenon.

Author : Peter S. Fosl,Julian Baggini
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2020-04-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781119103233

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The Philosopher's Toolkit by Peter S. Fosl,Julian Baggini Pdf

A new edition of the bestselling guide to the study of philosophy: the ideal intellectual ‘toolkit’ for sharpening analytical skills and building philosophical acuity Whether used as a guide to basic principles or a resource for key concepts and methods, The Philosopher's Toolkit equips readers with all the intellectual ‘tools’ necessary for engaging closely with philosophical argument and developing fluency in the methods and language of philosophical inquiry. Featuring accessible explanations, practical examples, and expert guidance, this text empowers readers to understand traditional philosophical thinking and to engage with new ideas. Focuses on the practical methods and concepts necessary for philosophical inquiry Presents a versatile resource for both novice and advanced students in areas of philosophy, critical theory, and rhetoric Adopts a pluralistic approach to teaching philosophy, making this a suitable resource for many courses Delivers extensive cross-referenced entries, recommended readings, and updated online resources Covers an array of topics, from basic tools of argumentation to sophisticated philosophical principles Fully revised and updated to include new topics and entries as well as expanded recommended reading lists to encourage further study

Author : Mauricio Suárez
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2008-10-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781135854713

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Fictions in Science by Mauricio Suárez Pdf

Science is popularly understood as being an ideal of impartial algorithmic objectivity that provides us with a realistic description of the world down to the last detail. The essays collected in this book—written by some of the leading experts in the field—challenge this popular image right at its heart, taking as their starting point that science trades not only in truth, but in fiction, too. With case studies that range from physics to economics and to biology, Fictions in Science reveals that fictions are as ubiquitous in scientific narratives and practice as they are in any other human endeavor, including literature and art. Of course scientific activity, most prominently in the formal sciences, employs logically precise algorithmic thinking. However, the key to the predictive and technological success of the empirical sciences might well lie elsewhere—perhaps even in scientists’ extraordinary creative imagination instead. As these essays demonstrate, within the bounds of what is empirically possible, a scientist’s capacity for invention and creative thinking matches that of any writer or artist.

Author : Mihai Spariosu
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Aesthetics, Modern
ISBN : 0801423279

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Dionysus Reborn by Mihai Spariosu Pdf

Mihai Spariosu here explores the significance of the closely linked concepts of play and aestheticism in philosophical and scientific discourse since the end of the eighteenth century. Spariosu points out that since its birth in archaic and classical Hellenic thought the concept of play has always been subject to the influences of various rational and prerational sets of values. Spariosu maintains that there have been not one but two major modern concepts of aestheticism: artistic aestheticism, related to a prerational mentality and introduced in modern thought by Schopenhauer and Nietzsche; and philosophicalscientific aestheticism, initiated by Kant and Schiller and shaped by rationalism. According to Spariosu, the first has often arisen in response to the attempts of philosophy and science to impose their standards on art, and the second has often been called on to deal with the epistemological crises that periodically shake these disciplines. Spariosu also looks closely at some of the play concepts that surface in modern science in connection with the Darwinian theory of evolution and the play of scientific discourse itself, as exemplified by the new physics and the contemporary philosophy of science. A penetrating and cogently argued book, Dionysus Reborn will be welcomed by readers interested in Continental philosophy, scientific discourse, and the aesthetics of play, including literary theorists, comparatists, philosophers, intellectual historians, and social scientists.

Author : Jacques-Henri Coste,Vincent Dussol
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-26
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9783030365646

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The Fictions of American Capitalism by Jacques-Henri Coste,Vincent Dussol Pdf

The Fictions of American Capitalism: Working Fictions and the Economic Novel introduces a new way of thinking about fiction in connection with capitalism, especially American capitalism. These essays demonstrate how fiction fulfills a major function of the American capitalist engine, presenting various formulations of American capitalism from the perspective of economists, social scientists, and literary critics. Focusing on three narratives—fictitious capital, working fictions, and the economic novel—the volume questions whether these three types of fiction can be linked under the sign of capitalism. This collection seeks to illustrate the American economy’s dependence on fictitiousness, America’s ideological fictions, and the nation’s creative literary fiction. In relation to what the credit and banking crisis of 2007–2008 exposed about the “unreal” base of the economy, the volume concludes with a call to recognize the economic humanities, arguing that American fiction and American literary studies can provide a useful mirror for economists.

Author : Frédérique Aït-Touati
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2011-10-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226011240

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Fictions of the Cosmos by Frédérique Aït-Touati Pdf

In today’s academe, the fields of science and literature are considered unconnected, one relying on raw data and fact, the other focusing on fiction. During the period between the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, however, the two fields were not so distinct. Just as the natural philosophers of the era were discovering in and adopting from literature new strategies and techniques for their discourse, so too were poets and storytellers finding inspiration in natural philosophy, particularly in astronomy. A work that speaks to the history of science and literary studies, Fictions of the Cosmos explores the evolving relationship that ensued between fiction and astronomical authority. By examining writings of Kepler, Godwin, Hooke, Cyrano, Cavendish, Fontenelle, and others, Frédérique Aït-Touati shows that it was through the telling of stories—such as through accounts of celestial journeys—that the Copernican hypothesis, for example, found an ontological weight that its geometric models did not provide. Aït-Touati draws from both cosmological treatises and fictions of travel and knowledge, as well as personal correspondences, drawings, and instruments, to emphasize the multiple borrowings between scientific and literary discourses. This volume sheds new light on the practices of scientific invention, experimentation, and hypothesis formation by situating them according to their fictional or factual tendencies.

Author : Alexandra Daisy Ginsberg,Jane Calvert,Pablo Schyfter,Alistair Elfick,Drew Endy
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262534017

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Synthetic Aesthetics by Alexandra Daisy Ginsberg,Jane Calvert,Pablo Schyfter,Alistair Elfick,Drew Endy Pdf

As synthetic biology transforms living matter into a medium for making, what is the role of design and its associated values? Synthetic biology manipulates the stuff of life. For synthetic biologists, living matter is programmable material. In search of carbon-neutral fuels, sustainable manufacturing techniques, and innovative drugs, these researchers aim to redesign existing organisms and even construct completely novel biological entities. Some synthetic biologists see themselves as designers, inventing new products and applications. But if biology is viewed as a malleable, engineerable, designable medium, what is the role of design and how will its values apply? In this book, synthetic biologists, artists, designers, and social scientists investigate synthetic biology and design. After chapters that introduce the science and set the terms of the discussion, the book follows six boundary-crossing collaborations between artists and designers and synthetic biologists from around the world, helping us understand what it might mean to 'design nature.' These collaborations have resulted in biological computers that calculate form; speculative packaging that builds its own contents; algae that feeds on circuit boards; and a sampling of human cheeses. They raise intriguing questions about the scientific process, the delegation of creativity, our relationship to designed matter, and, the importance of critical engagement. Should these projects be considered art, design, synthetic biology, or something else altogether? Synthetic biology is driven by its potential; some of these projects are fictions, beyond the current capabilities of the technology. Yet even as fictions, they help illuminate, question, and even shape the future of the field.

Author : Steve Turnidge
Publisher : Hal Leonard Corporation
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-01
Category : Music
ISBN : 9781480366831

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Beyond Mastering by Steve Turnidge Pdf

(Music Pro Guide Books & DVDs). In his first book, Desktop Mastering , Steve Turnidge unveiled his unique approach to mastering in the box, all the while providing glimpses of his mind-set and resulting workflow. Now, in Beyond Mastering , Turnidge pulls back the veil to give a tour of the physics and philosophy driving the mastering engineer, and the internal state required for happiness and success. By definition, universal truths can be expressed in any medium. In this book, these truths are revealed through the art of mastering, building on the step-by-step methods explained in Desktop Mastering , related in well-developed metaphor and analogy. Beyond Mastering is full of guiding principles gained from Turnidge's more than 25 years at the forefront of art and technology.

Author : Patrick Hannan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UOM:39015080873642

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A Useful Fiction by Patrick Hannan Pdf

Political broadcaster Patrick Hannan asks the question: what principles should underlie the democratic running of Britain and its constituent parts and how should the parliamentary system change as those parts devolve?

Author : Stewart Wolf
Publisher : Transaction Publishers
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-16
Category : Education
ISBN : 1412822246

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Educating Doctors by Stewart Wolf Pdf

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- 1. Medical Education -- 2. The Physician in Practice -- 3. Medicine in Relation to Society -- 4. Research -- 5. Financing Medical Research -- 6. Determinants of Health and Disease -- 7. From Information to Understanding: The Challenge for the Library -- 8. The Evaluation of Therapy in Disease -- 9. Biological Integration and Synthesis -- Afterword -- Bibliography -- Glossary -- Name Index -- Subject Index

Author : MARSHALL D. EWELL
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1888
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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ESSENTIALS OF THE LAW. VOL.III COMPRISING THE ESSENTIAL PARTS OF POLLOCK ON TORTS; WILLIAMS ON REAL PROPERTY AND BEST ON EVIDENCE FOR THE USE OF STUDENTS AT LAW. by MARSHALL D. EWELL Pdf

Author : Marshall Davis Ewell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1889
Category : Law
ISBN : PRNC:32101067739316

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Essentials of the Law ... by Marshall Davis Ewell Pdf